Prostate cancer

Question 1

Patho 5

Answer 1

Precursor called highgrade intra-epethelial neoplasia

cellular prolif in ducts and glands

spreads on capsular surfaces in pg

may spread to seminal vesicles and bladder

spreads to lymphatics, yellow-white tumour

Question 2

causes 3

Answer 2

unknown but: high fat d, FH

mutations - hoxB13, ATM ,CHEK2

ethnicity linked - non hispanic black men

Question 3

stages 3

Answer 3

Early: PG, only seen with mics, local excision

local - palpable but in PG, asymptomatic, PSA levels elevated

adv - spreads to adjacent tissues

Question 4

symptoms 3

Answer 4

urinary issues, pelvic discomfort

back p, spinal c compression,

fatigue and weight loss in adv

Question 5

diagnosis 4

Answer 5

physical exam, counselling and GT

Prostate biopsy using transrectal US

MRI biopsy for suspic lesions

Biopsy immuno-histochemical detection 4 psa

Question 6

treatment/ cure

Answer 6

Rad therapy, surgical radical prostatecomy

chemo + pain mang, 4 bone metastases

cure rate high with radiation, late stage none but manageable