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History 2 > Prosperity > Flashcards

Prosperity Flashcards

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0
Q

When did the USA enter the war

A

1917

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1
Q

When was the volstead act

A

1919

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2
Q

How many Americans died in ww1

A

100,000

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3
Q

How did the USA do well from the war

A

Euro countries paid the USA to provide food, raw materials and weapons

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4
Q

Why did the USA adopt a mood of isolation (give three)

A
  • war was a remote conflict
  • had been fought thousands of miles away over issues that did not concern their country
  • no more soldiers being killed trying to keep peace
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5
Q

What party did woodrow Wilson belong to?

A

The Democratic Party

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6
Q

Who were the democrats opponents and who was the leader of this party?

A

The republicans

Led by Henry Cabot Lodge

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7
Q

What did some American historians decide about the start of ww1 (think Germany and Britain)

A

Thought Germany had not started the war.

‘German atrocities’ had been cooked up by ‘British propaganda’

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8
Q

Why were isolationist policies viewed as bad? (Think hitler)

A

They were responsible for allowing the rise of Hitler (weakened LoN)

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9
Q

What happened in 1920 America?

A

There was a period of economic prosperity

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10
Q

What was the increase of motor cars on American roads between 1920-29

A

9 million to 26 million

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11
Q

What was the increase of telephones from 20-29

A

13 million to 20 million

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12
Q

What did economic growth create?

A

A cycle of prosperity

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13
Q

Describe the 4 stages of the cycle of prosperity

A

1) increased demand for consumer goods
2) increased production
3) increased employment
4) more money available to spend on consumer goods

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14
Q

What industry was among the first to use assembly lines

A

The motor car industry

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15
Q

Who was the pioneer of the method of using assembly lines in the motor car industry and what was his big idea

A

Henry Ford

To make a motor car for the ordinary man and his family

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16
Q

What was fords assembly line motor car called, and what was its nick name?

A

The Model T

The Tin Lizzie

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17
Q

When was the first model T produced

A

1911

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18
Q

By the 1920s how long did it take to make a Model T

A

10 seconds

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19
Q

How much did the Model T cost in 1911 and how much in 1920

A

1911 - $850

1920 - $295

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20
Q

How did the car industry expand and help other industries grow?

A

Bc steel rubber glass leather and oil were all in greater demand bc of it.

The construction industry bc roads for new traffic

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21
Q

How did the American industry grow during ww1

A

USA sold food and weapons to Europe with no competition from euro countries

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22
Q

What new production techniques did the American industry develop?

A
  • mass production = economies of scale
  • assembly line = one specific task, quick and cheap
  • time and motion studies = improved efficiency
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23
Q

How could people buy consumer goods more easily

A

By new credit facilities.

ESP. Hire purchase

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24
Q

What is hire purchase

A

This allowed a buyer to pay for something in instalments over a period of time

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25
Q

Why did advertisements help the boom

A

Bc they were everywhere, and encouraged people to ‘keep up with the Joneses’

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26
Q

How did the introduction of mail ordering help the boom

A

It extended the market for consumer goods beyond towns and cities

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27
Q

How did Government Policy fuel the boom?

A

Republican gov encouraged the growth of business by a policy of non-interference in the economy. (Laissez-faire)

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28
Q

What does laissez-faire mean

A

‘Leave things alone’

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29
Q

What else did the gov do in terms of taxes and what result did this have on the people

A

Lowered taxes on income and company profits.

  • more money to spend consumer goods and invest in new factories and buildings
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30
Q

How did the government protect us industry and what was this called

A

By placing tariffs on foreign goods coming into the USA.

Called protectionism

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31
Q

What does protectionism mean

A

A policy of putting tariffs on imported goods, making those goods more expensive and encouraged to buy domestic (home soil) goods instead

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32
Q

How did stocks and shares for US businesses help the boom in USA

A

Ordinary people began to buy them

33
Q

How much did share prices rise from 1921-29

A

500%

34
Q

Before the First World War what did Americans believe in (think tariffs)

A

Low tariffs to encourage world trade bc they wanted to trade with the rest of the world

35
Q

Why were higher tariffs introduced

A
  • isolationist attitudes
  • American business boom wanted to be continued
  • American wages high, euro firms may pay lower wages so goods would be cheaper.
  • overproduction of farming, no euro grain plz! Want prices to stay high
36
Q

When did warren Harding pass the Emergency Tariff Act

A

May 1921

37
Q

When was the Fordney-McCumber Tariff passed?

A

1922

38
Q

What were the two main elements of the F-M tariff

A
  • the scientific tariff

* the American Selling Price

39
Q

What did the scientific tariff do?

A

Place higher tariffs on goods coming from countries with low wages

40
Q

What did the American Selling Price do?

A

Adjusted tariffs so the selling price on imported goods was always higher than selling price of US goods

41
Q

What was the average import duty after the F-M tariff

A

40%

42
Q

How high was duty on some imported items after the F-M tariff?

A

400%

43
Q

Who most prospered from high tariffs

A

Farmers and factories

44
Q

How did high tariffs affect poor people

A

Made life more difficult as couldn’t afford US products but could afford imported food before the tariffs were set In place

45
Q

How did high tariffs affect American firms

A

Protected from foreign competition
—> inefficiency

Wage rises = expensive to produce goods

46
Q

What did Joseph Fordney claim about tariffs?

A

Tariffs would protect American jobs - by requiring American citizens to buy more American goods, they would guarantee American jobs

47
Q

What did other countries start doing in response to high tariffs in America and why was this bad?

A

They put high tariffs too

American businesses ESP agriculture sector relied on exports - high tariffs abroad would be disastrous

48
Q

Where does economic prosperity come from

A

Trade

49
Q

What was caused by blocking trade

A

High tariffs worldwide damaged the global economy and helped cause the Great Depression

50
Q

Why was the entertainment industry so successful in general (think young Americans)

A

Young Americans in 1920s wanted to have fun. They had money in their pockets and the ent ind gave them great was to spend it

51
Q

What genre of music came about in the 1920s and from where

A

Jazz developed from early African American musical forms

52
Q

Give a name of a night club where jazz was played

A

New Yorks Cotton Club

53
Q

Two of the most famous black musicians?

A

Duke Ellington

Louis Armstrong

54
Q

What was a genre of music that was popular in the 20s

A

Blues

55
Q

Name a black guitarist who played blues

A

W.C Handy

56
Q

What is a phonograph

A

An early 1920s record player

57
Q

From 1920 - 29 what was the increase in the number of homes with radios?

A

1920 - 60,000

1929 - 10 million

58
Q

How did local and national radio stations make money

A

By advertising on their shows

59
Q

What was the effect of radio advertisements

A

People hear about consumer goods on radio, and go and buy them.

–> American business boomed

60
Q

By 1929 how many Americans were going to the movies each week?

A

110 million

61
Q

What were silent films - what did you need for them to be effective (think music and words)

A

Words shown on screen

Cinemas employed piano players to provide background music

62
Q

When was the first talkie and what was it called and who acted in it

A

1927

Al Jolson in The Jazz Singer

63
Q

What was a talkie

A

A movie with a soundtrack

64
Q

When were coloured films being produced

A

Mid 1930s

65
Q

Where were most films made. Exactly.

A

Hollywood.
District of LA.
Pacific state of California

66
Q

Give names of three leading movie companies in 1920s

A

United Artists
MGM
Paramount

67
Q

How many films would a leading movie company make each year

A

Around 500

68
Q

Give names of thee international film stars made by the movie industry

A

Charlie Chaplin
Gloria Swanson
Mary Pickford

69
Q

When did Rudolph Valentino die and who was he

A

A movie heart-throb

Died 1926

Thousands fans attend funeral

70
Q

What was a result of the traumatic events of ww1 effecting young people

A

They rejected convention and just wanted to have fun.

They rebelled social rules and purposefully controversial and decadent

71
Q

Why was the roaring twenties called what it is

A

Because of the pace of social life in the twenties

72
Q

Name one old fashioned dance and three dances that became popular in the 20s

A

Waltz

Charleston, tango, bunny hug

73
Q

Why did jazz appeal to young Americans

A

Bc the music itself was wild and dramatic.

Also bc product of black Americans, jazz was therefore controversial and daring

74
Q

Describe a flapper

A 
Short bobbed hair
Flat chested and wore skirt to knee
Lipstick and rouge on face
Smoked cigarettes, drove Tin Lizzie 
Openly lesbian
75
Q

What did young men wear in the 20s

A

Pinstriped suits
Trilby hats
Spats on shoes

76
Q

What were spats

A

A cloth cover for the ankle and instep on shoe

77
Q

What did the Anti Flirt Association do?

A

Tried to control the excesses of the young

Distributed badges and organise speeches

78
Q

Who was the first man to fly solo across the Atlantic and when was this

A

1927

Charles Lindbergh

79
Q

Name two other famous personalities in the 20’s

Boxer
Baseball player

A

Jack Dempsey

Babe Ruth

80
Q

How many Tin Lizzies were driving out Henry Fords Detroit factory every minute?

A

Six

81
Q

How many people bought a Model T between 1911-1929

A

15 million

History 2 (18 decks)

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