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History 2 > Isolationism > Flashcards

Isolationism Flashcards

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0
Q

In what time space did 40 million people move to the USA (date-date)

A

1850-1914

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1
Q

How many people moved to the ISA between 1850-1914

A

40 million people

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2
Q

By the end of ww1 how many different nationalities made up the American society

A

A hundred different nationalities

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3
Q

What was the dark side of the roaring 20s? (Two words)

A

Intolerance

Racism

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4
Q

What were WASPS

A

White Anglo-Saxon Protestants

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5
Q

What way was politics leaning in the 20s? (Towards something)

A

Towards isolation

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6
Q

What was a result of the political leaning towards isolation

A

This led directly to attempts to restrict immigration

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7
Q

What type of people did people who were against immigration want to keep out in particular? (Two)

A

Asians and Eastern Europeans

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8
Q

What did Americans fear about immigrants (two things)

A

That they would take their jobs

That would might try to spread communist ideas

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9
Q

When was the Immigration Law passed

A

1917

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10
Q

What did the Immigration Law require the immigrants to do

A

They had to prove they could read English

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11
Q

When was the Emergency Quota Act

A

1921

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12
Q

What did the Emergency Quota Act do

A

Limited the number of immigrants to 357,000 per year

Number ims from one country could not exceed 3% of the number already living in the USA in 1910

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13
Q

How did the Emergency Quota Act keep out Eastern European countries

A

Bc there were fewer of them already living in the USA

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14
Q

When was the National Origins Act

A

1924

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15
Q

What did the National Origins Act do?

A

Reduced the quota (EQA) to 2% of population and set the date back to 1890

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16
Q

What happened in 1929 in terms of the reduction of immigrants (figure and a country that was blocked)

A

Number of immigrants each year - 150,000

Immigration from Asia blocked altogether

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17
Q

What was another effect of isolationism (think about attitude of immigrants)

A

Distrust and intolerance of immigrants

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18
Q

What jobs were immigrants restricted to

A

The lowest paid ones

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19
Q

What did areas of cities become to immigrants

A

Ghettos

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20
Q

What were the conditions in the ghettos like

A

Housing poor

Violence and crime high

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21
Q

Why were immigrants often despised

A

Because they were poor

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22
Q

Why did Americans fear communism especially after 1917

A

1917 was the Russian Revolution

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23
Q

What did Americans feel about the Russian Revolution and communism (think threat, two things)

A

Free lifestyle under threat

Capitalist economy that funded free lifestyle were under threat

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24
Q

When did fear of communism become widespread

A

Early 1920s

25
Q

What was the idea that immigrants were communists called?

A

The Red Scare

26
Q

When did fear intensify of red scare (bombing?)

A

Number of bombs were planted by Italian immigrants and anarchists

27
Q

When was the Wall Street bombing

A

16th September 1920

28
Q

What happened at the Wall Street bombing (details of where, and what happened)

A

Outside the stock exchange

Bomb on horse-drawn wagon was detonated

The bomb was on a timer

29
Q

What did the bomb contain on wall st bombing

A

45kg dynamite surrounded by hundreds of small metal slugs

30
Q

What type of crowd did the bomb hit (type of day) and how many casualties and fatalities were there as a result of the bombing

A

The lunchtime crowd

400 injured
38 died

31
Q

What did American newspapers call the bombing and who did they blame

A

‘An act of war’ and blames Italian anarchists

Although bombers never captured

32
Q

Who was the Us attorney-general who dealt with the bombing

A

Alexander Palmer

33
Q

What did Palmer order the forces to do in response to the bombings

A

To arrest 10,000 people suspected of holding left-wing political views

34
Q

What were left wing political views

A

an outlook that supports social equality, often in opposition to social hierarchy and social inequality. Involves a concern for those in society who are ‘disadvantaged’ relative to others and an assumption that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished

35
Q

What were the arrests as a result of the Red Scare bombings called

A

Palmer Raids

36
Q

What happened to those who were rounded up by Palmer who were discovered to be immigrants

A

They were deported without trial

37
Q

What was the most famous case of injustice against immigrants

A

The Sacco and Venzetti case

38
Q

What were the full names of Sacco and Venzetti

A

Nicola Sacco

Bartolomeo Vanzetti

39
Q

What were Sacco and Venzetti (openly something)

A

Openly anarchists

40
Q

What were Sacco and Venzetti charged of in 1920

A

The murder of two guards in an armed robbery

41
Q

How many witnesses identified S and V as killers

A

61

42
Q

What was a flaw in the witnesses statements

A

They could not agree on the details of the crime they all claimed they saw

43
Q

How many in defence witnesses claimed they saw S and V somewhere else at the time of the robbery

A

107

44
Q

Why did the large defence to the S and V case fail to bring justice

A

Because most of the defence witnesses were Italian Immigrants

So both men were guilty of murder

45
Q

When were S and V executed

A

1917

46
Q

Who were the Ku Klux Klan

A

a militant organisation of white supremacists

47
Q

What did the KKK launch

A

A moral crusade to save the USA

48
Q

What did the KKK stir up

A

Racial and religious hatred

49
Q

Who would the KKK accept

A

Only those who were WASPS, people who originally came from north Europe and whose fams had lived in US for several generations

50
Q

Who were not condemned as being true Americans (six)

A

Jews, Catholics, immigrants from S.Eu (Italians), E.Eu (Russians), Asia, and especially black people.

51
Q

How many members did the KKK increase to between 1920 to 1925 ( number - number)

A

5000 - 5 million

52
Q

Who were often the klans members

A

Poor whites who felt their jobs were threatened by people who were willing to work for lower wages - blacks and immigrants

53
Q

Who else joined the klan (think higher up)

A

Rick and influential members

Incl. state politicians

54
Q

Where was the klan strongest? (N E S W?)

A

Southern states where there was a large black population and a history of slavery

55
Q

State 4 things klan members did

A
  • ceremonies white robes
  • Klonversations (secret code)
  • torture and violence to those who weren’t ‘true Americans’
  • attacked blacks
56
Q

What did the KKK do to blacks specifically (5)

A

Beaten, raped, lynched, homes set on fire, property destroyed

57
Q

What is lynching?

A

Hanging without trial

58
Q

How were Klansmen who committed violence protected and by who

A

Police and judges who were klan members Protected them

59
Q

What was an effect of KKK support in courts (think jury)

A

White juries became reluctant to find people guilty of klans activities

60
Q

When did klan membership begin to fall and why

A

After 1925 when appalling crimes began to take place, which were widely reported

History 2 (18 decks)

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