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History 2 > Beginning Of Change > Flashcards

Beginning Of Change Flashcards

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0
Q

What happened to Rosa Parks when she refused to move

A

She was arrested

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1
Q

When and who sat on a bus on way home from work in Montgomery Alabama, Who refuse to stand up to let white man sit on seat

A

December 1955 Rosa Parks

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2
Q

Who was Rosa Parks

A

A trained NAACP activist

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3
Q

Why did Rosa Parks take her stand

A

Because there were a number of incidents before of rudeness and discrimination against black on the Montgomery buses

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4
Q

Who did the black people of Montgomery choose as their leader

A

Martin Luther King

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5
Q

What did thousands of black people do with the Boycott

A

Blacks walked to work and take taxis given by African Americans which are offered seats for the cost of a bus fair

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6
Q

How many African American taxidrivers offered their seats

A

210

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7
Q

How long did the bus boycott last

A

381 days

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8
Q

What was also organised to get black people to work

A

A car pool of supporters of the Boycott

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9
Q

What did King and his supporters call themselves

A

The Montgomery improvement Association (M I A)

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10
Q

Who did the M I A employ to take the bus boycott case to the supreme Court

A

NAACP lawyers

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11
Q

What did the M I A want

A

Black drivers on black routes, and white busdrivers to be polite to black passengers

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12
Q

What did M I A deliberately sought to do

A

They deliberately sought only moderate reforms

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13
Q

What did the M I A not challenge

A

The idea of segregation
They asked only that sears on city buses be allocated on first come first serve basis
black people seats rear, white seats front

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14
Q

Here oppose the M I A’s proposals

A

The local white citizens council

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15
Q

What was the result of the local white citizens councils opposition

A

Their membership doubled

Ordered local officials to harass of boycott leaders-King arrested for speeding

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16
Q

When was Martin Luther King home bombed by the KKK

A

January 1956

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17
Q

What was the boycott ruining

A

The bus company financially

Local businesses as they were losing custom

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18
Q

How much did local shopkeepers lose because of the Boycott

A

$1 million

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19
Q

What happened on 13 November

A

City chiefs claims carpool was in effect a taxi service operating without a proper license-got carpools stopped in courts

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20
Q

What happened on the same day that the car Pool was banned

A

The Supreme Court ruled that segregation on buses was unconstitutional

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21
Q

What was the boycott and Rosa Parks and inspiration to

A

The civil rights movement

22
Q

What did the boycott and Rosa Parks demonstrate

A

That when black Americans United, they could succeed, and that violent opposition only increased support

23
Q

What did the success of the boycott increase

A

Black confidence

24
Q

What was a result of black confidence when the KKK drove through black areas of town

A

Black came out and waved at them

25
Q

Where were there copycat boycotts

A

Throughout the South

26
Q

Why was the success of the Boycott Limited?

A

Everything else in Montgomery was still segregated

.

27
Q

What was the overall result of the Boycott

A

Boycott revealed depth of racism and determination of whites

Rosa parks and husband lost their jobs
Received death threats and had to move Detroit

28
Q

1957 which ruling had not resulted in any immediate changes in the schools

A

ThE Supreme Court brown v Topeka ruling

29
Q

What did the Brown versus Topeka ruling not order

A

Segregated schools to be abolished-just said they were wrong

30
Q

How many segregated states ignored the ruling of b v t

A

Most of the 20 segregated states

31
Q

What did the government not enforce

A

The states to end segregation

32
Q

What happened when states did try to change

A

Some schools closed rather than desegregate

Mobs gathered to stop black children going to white schools

33
Q

What happened on May 23 of September 1957

A

Nine black students attend central high school in little rock, Arkansas

34
Q

How many people were in the mob which barred the nine students way

A

1000

35
Q

What happened two days later after the mob. At Little Rock

A

Children went to school protected by 11,000 soldiers

Crowd shouted: two, four, six, eight; we aren’t going to integrate.

36
Q

What happened to the black students when they were in the school

A

They were assaulted and abused

37
Q

What did the black students face back in the Black community

A

I know of those who said the meddling nine were making life harder for black people

38
Q

Why was Little Rock a defeat for civil rights

A

A few other schools dared to desegregate and few black children wanted to face the danger.

Little rock was only fully desegregated in 1972

Only 3% of Americans black children attended desegregated schools in 1964

39
Q

In 1964 how many percent of America’s black children attended desegregating schools

A

3%

40
Q

When was little rock fully disaggregated

A

1972

41
Q

By 1960 what had the civil rights movement begun to do

A

They had begun to undermine the legal principles of segregation

42
Q

When was the TV interview with Martin Luther King and what did he say

A

1967
MLK said that he believed that the 1950s had created ‘a new negro’, who had a willingness to stand up courageously for what he feels is just and what he feels he deserves on the basis of the laws of the land.

43
Q

By 1960 what simple and basic civil right black still not have

A

The right to vote

44
Q

What did Martin Luther Kings southern Christian leadership conference try to organise and what was the outcome

A

The registration of the 3 million new black voters in a 1957 act
only managed to add only 160,000 more names

45
Q

What had the movement provoked

A

Angry and violent white backlash

46
Q

What were white citizens councils doing in terms of the voting

A

They went through the same voters lists and found excuses to delete the names of black voters who already there

47
Q

What kind of blacks were being fired

A

‘Uppity’ blacks

48
Q

What did a number of southern states do

A

They outlawed the NAACP

49
Q

How many black Americans lived below the poverty line in 1940

A

87%

50
Q

How many black Americans lived below the poverty line in 1959

A

41%

51
Q

What was the average black income in 1957 of that of a white worker

A

57% that of a white worker

52
Q

How many black Americans were unemployed in 1957 compared to whites

A

11% which was double that of whites

53
Q

By the end of the 50s was there change

A

Little or no change in the everyday experience of blacks, he was still segregated and discriminated against socially economically and politically

History 2 (18 decks)

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