Increasing Racialisation

Question 0

What seemed irrelevant to blacks living in the poor areas of American cities

Answer 0

M LK and his civil rights successes in the south

Question 1

When did black American movements which are much more radical and violent emerge

Answer 1

During the 1960s

Question 2

What was lifelike to the black living in the poor areas of American cities

Answer 2

There was poverty, deprivation and unemployment-These were rife

Question 3

How many black youths were unemployed in Chicago’s gettos

Answer 3

About 70%

Question 4

What did poor housing in the ghettos lead to

Answer 4

Violence and crime

Question 5

What percentage of ghetto children finished high school

Answer 5

32%

Question 6

What could you describe the ghettos as

Answer 6

A powder-keg waiting to explode

Question 7

In what year was there a clumsy and brutal attempt by police to arrest who?

Answer 7

1965 police attempted to arrest a black drunk driver

Question 8

What was the result of the police arrest of black drunk driver

Answer 8

Riots in the watts area of Los Angeles

Question 9

Between 1964 and 1968 how many riots were there and in how many US cities

Answer 9

238 riots in more than 200 cities

Question 10

How many people died in the riots and how did most die

Answer 10

250 deaths many from police shootings

Question 11

How much damage was done after the riots ( dollars worth)

Answer 11

Billions of dollars worth

Question 12

What type of campaigners of the SCLC and NAACP not know

Answer 12

The middle-class campaigners new little of the ghetto world

Question 13

Who was working in the ghettos

Answer 13

Black activists

Question 14

What happened after 1964 in terms of the CORE (what did they do)

Answer 14

CORE workers rented Freedom houses in northern ghettos, from which they distributed information on education, employment, health and housing

Question 15

What happened in 1966 with the SNCC (what did they mount)

Answer 15

They mounted The Atlanta project

A group of SNCC students cleared waste areas, publish newsletter called Nitty-gritty to denounce ‘White lies’ in the press and persuaded local blacks to vote in elections

Question 16

What was the nation of Islam

Answer 16

A black Muslim movement formed in 1930

Nationalists and separatist

Solution to problems of black Americans was returned to Africa or separate American States in South US

Question 17

What did it King label the nation of Islam as

Answer 17

A hate group

Question 18

What did NAACP leader Thurgood Marshall call the nation of Islam

Answer 18

A bunch of thugs

Question 19

How many members did the nation of Islam have by 1970

Answer 19

250,000

Question 20

Who were two of the famous members of the nation of Islam

Answer 20

Muhammad Ali-world champion boxer

Malcom X-black activist

Question 21

Who was Malcom X

Answer 21

Vigourous and aggressive man who joined nation of Islam while in prison for drug-dealing

Question 22

How did it Malcom X present himself

Answer 22

As the alternative to Dr King

Question 23

What did Malcolm X think of M LK

Answer 23

That he was a fool

Question 24

What did Malcom X argue about white policies in contrast to mlk

Answer 24

White apologies often (Americans with no alternative but violence Also rejected Kings turn the other cheek nonviolence approach

Question 25

When did Malcom X become famous. (After something)

Answer 25

After 1959 TV documentary, the hate that hate produced

Question 26

When was Malcom X suspended from the nation of Islam and why

Answer 26

In 1964 after appearing to welcome the assassination of Pres Kennedy

Question 27

What did Malcolm X do after he was suspended

Answer 27

He renounced the nation of Islam

Question 28

When was Malcom X's new York home firebombed

Answer 28

1964

Question 29

When was Malcom X assassinated and by who

Answer 29

1965 by a nation of Islam gunman

Question 30

What did Malcolm X do because of his death (three results)

Answer 30

1. became role model for angry young blacks 2. forced America's black leaders to refocus their attention away from civil and legal rights and instead on social and economic conditions 3. Introduced idea of violence as legitimate a tactic

Question 31

At CORE and SNCC work in ghettos what happened to them

Answer 31

They became more radicalised-politics became more left-wing/socialist tactics became more racially charged and violence

Question 32

In what year did SNCC choose who as a leader and then EXspells all white members

Answer 32

1966 chose Stokely Carmichael

Question 33

What did Carmichael believe

Answer 33

Nonviolence was not the right approach and instead advocated self defence

Question 34

What phrase did Carmichael bring in

Answer 34

Black power

Question 35

When did Carmichael bring the phrase black power to the public attention

Answer 35

When he shouted it out at a speech in Greenwood, Mississippi, after the Meredith March

Question 36

In the year after Carmichael brought in the phrase black power who succeeded him

Answer 36

H.Rap Brown

Question 37

What did H.Rap brown encourage

Answer 37

Encouraged poor black people to see the white shops and thus directly cause a number of ghetto riots that year

Question 38

When did Floyd McKissick take over CORE

Answer 38

1966

Question 39

What did Floyd McKissick do and when

Answer 39

Expelled its white members in 1968

Question 40

What views did McKissick have

Answer 40

He rejected nonviolence

Question 41

When was the most famous expression of black power shown

Answer 41

During the 1968 Mexico City Olympics

Question 42

What happened at the 1968 Mexico City Olympics (who were medal winners) and what did they do

Answer 42

Tommy Smith and John Carlos raise their fists in a black power salute MSmith wore black scarf symbolism-Black pride Carlos wore beads in memory of black slaves and victims of lynchings

Question 43

What were John Carlos and Tommy Smith members of

Answer 43

The Olympic project for human rights

Question 44

When was the Olympic project for human rights founded and what was its aim

Answer 44

Founded in 1967 to protest against discrimination against blacks in sport

Question 45

What and when did Huey Newton form as a response to police brutality in the watts riots

Answer 45

The black panther party in 1966

Question 46

What were some of the points in the black panther party's 10 point programme

Answer 46

Land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice and peace -Some demands

Question 47

At its height how many members did the black panther party have

Answer 47

5000 members organised into 30 chapters

Question 48

In what years did the black panther party temporarily merge with the SNCC

Answer 48

1968 to 69

Question 49

Who did the black panther party forge links with

Answer 49

Communist Freedom fighters all over the world

Question 50

What did the black panther party setup in Los Angeles (give four)

Answer 50

Set up health clinics and an ambulance and gave free breakfasts to ghetto children Also attacked police

Question 51

What would black panther patrols do - think police

Answer 51

They would shadow police patrols

Question 52

What would happen if the police started harassing black Americans

Answer 52

The Panthers would help the blacks

Question 53

When were a number of black panthers shot notably

Answer 53

In a gun battle that followed the Ambush of a police patrol in 1968

Question 54

In response to their ambush of a police patrol in 1968 what did California decide to do

Answer 54

Decided that it would recruit policemen in proportion to the size of the black and white population in the state

Question 55

What did the FBI label the black panthers as

Answer 55

A black nationalist hate group

Question 56

By what year had the black panther movement fizzled out and why

Answer 56

By 1970 because leaders were targeted and jailed by FBI