Proph., OT, Gospels Flashcards
Who was the first to designate the terms “major and minor prophets” in what year?
Augustine was the first to designate the terms “major and minor prophets” in the fifth century AD.
the term “minor prophet,” it does not indicate what
a lesser importance of these books
the term “minor prophet,” simply refers to
the relative length of the writings when compared to the books of the “major prophets.”
Who were the 4 major prophets
Isaiah
Jeremiah
Ezekiel
Daniel
How many ch. in Isaiah
66 Chapters
How many ch. in Jeremiah
52
How many ch. in Ezekiel
48
How many ch. in Daniel
12
Who were the 12 minor prophets
Hosea Zechariah Amos Micah Jonah Malachi Joel Nahum Habakkuk Zephaniah Haggai Obadiah
How many ch. in Hosea, Zechariah
14
How many ch. in Amos
9
How many ch. in Micah
7
How many ch. in Jonah and Malacchi
4
How many ch. in Joel, Nahum, Habakkuk and Zephaniah
3
How many ch. in Haggai
2
How many ch. in Obadiah
1
the Minor Prophets do not appear in ___ order.
chronological
While we cannot be absolute about the dates, there is enough “____” for most to place them in somewhat of a chronological order.
internal evidence
Pre-Exile – Prophets of Israel
who and when
(3)
Jonah (790 BC)
Hosea (755-725 BC)
Amos (752 BC)
Pre-Exile – Prophets of Judah
who and when
(8)
Obadiah (ca. 845 BC) Joel (ca. 750 BC) Isaiah (750-700 BC) Micah (735-700 BC) Nahum (626 BC) Jeremiah (626-584 BC) Zephaniah (625 BC) Habakkuk (ca. 625-615 BC)
Exilic Period
who and when
(2)
Ezekiel (593-571 BC)
Daniel (606-534 BC)
Post Exilic Period
who and when
(3)
Haggai (520 BC)
Zechariah (520-518 BC)
Malachi (ca. 440 BC)
Jonah is commanded to call who to repent of their sins.
Nineveh
Jonah 1:2
Jonah is commanded to call Nineveh to repent of their sins.
Why did Jonah not want to go to Assyria
this nation was the chief enemy of Israel.
Jonah tried to run away from God so what does God do/
through the “fish” changes his mind and heart
Jonah 2
Jonah tried to run away from God, God through the “fish” changes his mind and heart.
the real message is not about Jonah running from God, but ?
through God’s mercy, His purpose is to save people from all nations as the entire city of Nineveh eventually repents.
Jonah 3
the real message is not about Jonah running from God, but through God’s mercy, His purpose is to save people from all nations as the entire city of Nineveh eventually repents.
Jonah is cited in what Scripture as a prophet during the reign of King Jeroboam son of Jehoash.
Jonah is also cited in 2 Kings 14:25 as a prophet during the reign of King Jeroboam son of Jehoash.
Hosea is commanded by God to do what
Hosea is commanded by God to take Gomer to be his wife, who in time leaves him to pursue “other lovers.”
God commanded Hosea to then “buy” back his now prostitute wife to demonstrate what?
God commanded Hosea to then “buy” back his now prostitute wife to demonstrate Israel’s idolatry and God’s faithfulness.
Amos is just what when God calls him to be a prophet
Amos is “just a shepherd” who God calls to be a prophet
Amos 7:14-15
Amos is “just a shepherd” who God calls to be a prophet.
What is Amos’ vision relating to Christ?
Amos’ vision as it relates to Christ is that God will reunite and rebuild the house of David
Amos 9:11-12
Amos’ vision as it relates to Christ is that God will reunite and rebuild the house of David
James quotes Amos making it very clear that
with the coming of Jesus and the inclusion of the Gentiles into the covenant promises of Israel– David’s house is being rebuilt in Christ.
Acts 15:16-21
James quotes Amos making it very clear that – with the coming of Jesus and the inclusion of the Gentiles into the covenant promises of Israel – David’s house is being rebuilt in Christ.
Obadiah prophesies against
Edom, who was a source of conflict for the Israelites.
Edom were who
the descendants of Esau
What happens to the Edomites when they rejoiced over the destruction of Israel by foreign invaders
God rebukes them and assures them of their destruction, while promising Israel deliverance and peace.
Joel
In spite of impending judgment, God will do what
restore His people and dwell with them.
Joel 2:28-32
The primary way this message of hope is conveyed is with the promise of the Spirit
Acts 2:17-21
Peter quotes (message of hope is conveyed is with the promise of the Spirit) as the new covenant and the new nation of spiritual Israel are ushered in
book of Micah announces what
the coming “Deliverer” despite impending doom.
book of Micah highlights what
highlights where the Messiah will come from
Where will the Messiah come from
Bethlehem
What ties this future “kingly figure” with David and the covenant found in what Scripture
the Messiah will come from (Bethlehem)
2 Samuel 7:8-17
Micah 5:1-5
the Messiah will come from (Bethlehem)
Nahum is a prophet to the who
Assyrians
Why is Nahum much like Jonah
he is to call this “enemy nation” to repentance
Although the people of Nineveh repented under Jonah’s preaching, the people did what
quickly reverted to their evil ways.
Nahum calls them to repent and reminds them that ?
God is sovereign over the nations – especially theirs.
Zephaniah
Despite impending exile, God promised to Israel what
that He would judge the nations and rescue His people, because He loves them.
Zephaniah 3:13-17
the remnant returns to Him, “He will rejoice over [them] with singing.”
the song, I Hear God Singing To Me, really was sung over who
The remnant
What was the awesome message of the prophet Habakkuk
that God will not allow evil to continue unchecked
Habakkuk 2:1-17
God is pictured very powerfully as a “divine warrior” taking vengeance on evildoers
Habakkuk 3:1-7
The promise of God to His people is that despite evil men prospering, God will exalt His people one day as He has in the past
What is Haggai’s message
encourage the builders of God’s new temple, especially the leaders Zerubabbel and Joshua
Many of the older men and women of Judah had seen Solomon’s Temple (“baptized in gold”) and realized what
that this new temple seemed very insignificant in comparison to the previous temple.
Ezra 3:12-13
they wept at the laying of its foundation.
through the prophet Haggai, God encouraged the people that their work on this second temple was what
“a type” of a “greater temple” to come – Christianity
Haggai was the old prophet – perhaps 90 years old – and Zechariah was thought to be who
the young prophet – Haggai’s “understudy.”
Zechariah’s message (like who) is about God’s what
Zechariah’s message (like Haggai’s) is about God’s protection and restoration of His people.
Zechariah 3:8-10
Zechariah 6:11-15
The prophet Zechariah tells of a day when God will bring the office of king and priest together as one in a future individual who will build the temple of the Lord – Jesus.
Like Haggai and Zechariah, Malachi preaches what
that the promises of God remain unfulfilled despite the Jews returning to their land.
Malachi speaks out against what 4 things
contemptible sacrifices, divorce and the lack of tithes and offerings.
Malachi 3:1
Malachi 4:5-6
Malachi also predicts a “forerunner” who will come before the Lord’s visitation.
Matthew 17:11-13
This forerunner is none other than John the Baptist who calls the children of Israel to repent in preparation for the coming Messiah.
1010 BC
David becomes King of Judah
1003 BC
David becomes King of Israel & Judah
970 BC
Solomon crowned King of Israel & Judah
930 BC
Divided Kingdom – Northern Kingdom (Israel… “the ten lost tribes”) and Southern Kingdom (Judah)
1 Kings 12
Divided Kingdom
722 BC
Israel is taken into captivity by the Assyrians
2 Kings 17:23-24
Israel is taken into captivity by the Assyrians
609 BC
Josiah dies
2 Kings 23:29
Josiah dies
606 BC
This is the first of the three exiling of Judah by the Babylonians. This is also the date from which Jeremiah’s prophecy of 70 years of exile is taken. Daniel is taken to Babylon at this time.
2 Chronicles 36:20-22
the date from which Jeremiah’s prophecy of 70 years of exile is taken
Daniel 1:1
Daniel is taken to Babylon at this time.
597 BC
This is the date of the second exiling of Judah. Jehoiachin is taken to Babylon. This is significant as the line of David to Jesus comes through Jehoiachin.
Matthew 1:11
the line of David to Jesus comes through Jehoiachin.
586 BC
The third exiling of Judah is when God – through Nebuchadnezzar – burns and destroys the Temple and tears down the walls of Jerusalem making them rubble.
536 BC
Cyrus becomes the King of Persia
Ezra 1:1
Cyrus becomes the King of Persia
516 BC
The Temple is rebuilt – often called the Second Temple or Zerubbabal’s Temple.
Ezra 6:15
The Temple is rebuilt – often called the Second Temple or Zerubbabal’s Temple.
486 BC
Xerxes in the Book of Esther (Artaxerxes in the Book of Nehemiah) begins to reign. Xerxes is portrayed in two well-known movies: “300” which is about the Battle of Thermopylae and “One Night With The King” which is about Esther becoming Queen of Persia.
479 BC
Esther becomes Queen
Esther 2:16-17
Esther becomes Queen
466 BC
50 years after the Temple is rebuilt, Nehemiah goes to Jerusalem and finally rebuilds the walls of Jerusalem.
Nehemiah 2:1
50 years after the Temple is rebuilt, Nehemiah goes to Jerusalem and finally rebuilds the walls of Jerusalem.
Since what year, the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke have been referred to as what
Since 1780, the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke have been referred to as the Synoptic Gospels
Why are the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke referred to as the Synoptic Gospels
they include many of the same stories, often in the same sequence, and similar wording
The term “synoptic” comes from what language
the Greek
“syn” meaning
“together”
“optic” meaning
“seen.”
Most commentators believed which Gospel was written first, and then in which Gospels was it used as their major source.
Most commentators believe that Mark was written first, and then Matthew and Luke used Mark as their major source.
John Mark, the son in the faith to who
Apostle Peter
Gospel of Mark most likely written when
in 40’s or 50’s AD
Mark 14:51-52
only reference to the author in Gospel of Mark
For an in-depth study of John Mark’s life, read what
the City of Angels International Church Bulletin on February 19, 2012 entitled, Our Brother – John Mark.
The author of the Gopel of Matthew is also known as who
Levi, the tax collector
Who was Matthew’s target audience
Jewish people
How do we know the Jews were the target audience of Matthew
This is evidenced in the opening “genealogy of Jesus” as well as the generous number of Old Testament references.
How many seperate reference are there to the OT in Matthew
43
Matthew had far more what than Mark or Luke
references to the Old Testament
most likely this gospel was written in the when
50’s or 60’s AD.
Luke, the companion of who
Paul
Who was Luke’s target audience
the Gentiles
The dating of this book is most likely when
57-59 AD during Paul’s imprisonment in Caesarea.
Luke carefully “___” and uses “____.”
investigated everything
eyewitness accounts
The book is addressed to who
Theophilus
What other book is also addressed to Theophilus
Book of Acts
Book of Acts is also referred to as
Luke 2
Theophilus literally means
friend of God
