Properties of Matter Flashcards
matter
anything that takes up space and has mass
chemistry
the study of matter and how it changes
substance (2)
any compound, element, or molecule, will have a formula
physical properties
can be observed without changing it into something else
chemical properties
describe a substance’s ability to change into different substance
elements (2)
simplest substances that can’t be broken down into any other substance, anything on the periodic table
atom (3)
basic particle from which elements are made. Contains positive center and surrounded by negative electron cloud
molecules (2)
when atoms or elements chemically bond with each other to form a new substance (similar to compounds)
compounds (3)
made of 2+ elements that are chemically combined in a set ratio, has chemical formula, have properties that are different from the elements that make it
mixtures (3)
made of 2+ substances in the same place but not chemically combined. substances keep their chemical properties. no set ratio
heterogeneous mixture
can see the different parts (salad)
homogeneous mixture (2)
can’t see the different parts (juice), a solution
separating mixtures(4)
magnets, filtration, distillation (boiling points), evaporation
weight (2)
measure of the force of gravity on you, changes with location
mass (3)
measurement of the amount of matter of an object, does not change with location, measured in grams
volume (4)
amount of space that matter occupies, measured in liter, cubic centimeter, LxWxH
density (3)
mass of a material in a given volume, mass/volume, measured in g/cm cubed
density of water (2)
1 g/cm cubed. if object’s density>water it will sink
physical change (4)
any change that changes the appearance of matter but doesn’t create new substances (change of state and shape/form)
chemical change(7)
any change that produces new substances with properties different from the original substances, the bonds between atoms break and new ones form (combustion–>burning, oxidation–>rust, electrolysis–>separating water, tarnishing–>silver+oxygen)
law of conservation of mass
matter is not created or destroyed in any physical or chemical change
energy (2)
the ability to do work/cause change. Every change in matter involves a change in energy
temperature
the measure of the motion of particles
endothermic energy
takes in heat/energy
exothermic energy
gives off heat/energy
kinetic energy (2)
energy go matter in motion (rolling a bowling ball)
potential energy (2)
energy an object has because of its position (stretching a rubber band)
chemical energy (2)
energy store in chemical bonds between atoms (cellular respiration)
electromagnetic energy (2)
energy that travels through space as waves (light)
electrical energy (2)
energy of electrically charged particles moving around (battery)
thermal energy (2)
heat energy (a fire)
energy transformed (2)
when one energy changes into another type (photosynthesis: electromagnetic–>chemical)
