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Science > Classification and Characteristics of Life > Flashcards

Classification and Characteristics of Life Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

classification

A

the systematic grouping of organisms into categories on the basis of evolutionary relationships or physical appearance

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2
Q

taxonomy

A

the science of classification

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3
Q

why do we classify

A

it helps us keep track of the millions of different living things on earth

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4
Q

carolus linnaeus

A

father of taxonomy

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5
Q

binomial nomenclature

A

two-word name of a species
Genus, species (italicized)
ex: homo sapiens for humans

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6
Q

classification levels

A 
7:
kingdom      King
phylum         Phillip
class            Came
order             Over
family             For
genus           Good
species           Soup
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7
Q

Kingdoms

A 
6:
eubacteria                even
archaebacteria         amy
protists                        prefers
fungi                          fewer
plants                         people
animals                      around
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8
Q

grouping organisms into kingdoms is based on…

A

cell type
cell number
feeding type

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9
Q

cell type

A

the presence or absence of cellular structures such as nucleus

prokaryotes: no nucleus or other organelles (ex: bacteria)
eukaryotes: nucleus and other organelles (ex: animals)

both have DNA

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10
Q

cell number

A

number of cells in organism

unicellular: only one cell
multicellular: many cells

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11
Q

feeding type

A

how organisms get their food

autotroph: (producer), makes own food
heterotroph: (consumer), must eat other organisms to survive

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12
Q

pathogen

A

organism that causes infectious disease

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13
Q

groups of pathogens

A 
4:
bacteria
viruses
fungi
protists
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14
Q

how bacteria is spread

A 
4:
contaminated...
person
animal
object
food, water, soil
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15
Q

body defense 1

A

barriers: skin, breathing passages, mouth and stomach

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16
Q

body defense 2

A

inflammatory response: white blood cells cause fever, swelling

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17
Q

body defense 3

A

immune response: t-cells and b-cells

t: attack and recognize pathogens
b: produces antibodies to kill pathogen

18
Q

antigen

A

proteins with unique chemical structures

19
Q

antibodies

A

proteins that destroy pathogens

20
Q

virus

A

type of pathogen that can only reproduce inside a living cell, can’t survive on its own

21
Q

viral reproductive process

A

1: inserted into host cell
2: exhorts DNA into cell making more viruses
3: new viruses released from cell

22
Q

vectors

A

how viruses are transmitted (airborne, food/water, bites)

23
Q

anterior

A

top or front

24
Q

posterior

A

behind or end

25
Q

dorsal

A

back

26
Q

ventral

A

bottom

27
Q

lateral

A

sides

28
Q

bilateral symmetry

A

if when cut from anterior or posterior the halves are equal

29
Q

radial symmetry

A

if when cut in half the resulting halves are not equal

30
Q

external anatomy of worm

A

segments to help move, clitellum to store eggs

31
Q

circulatory system of worm

A

lateral hearts, closed circulatory system

32
Q

digestive system of worm

A

1 2 3 4 5
esophagus crop gizzard intestine anus

33
Q

early life of frog

A

lives in water
gills
tadpole

34
Q

adult life of frog

A

lives on land
lungs
legs

35
Q

respiratory system of frog

A

young: gills
old: lungs

36
Q

circulatory system of frog

A

closed system with blood vessels

37
Q

digestive system of frog

A

small teeth, has liver

1 2 3 4 5 6
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
7
intestine, cloaca

38
Q

frog life cycle

A

adult frog–>eggs–>tadpole–>tadpole with legs–>young frog……

39
Q

metamorphosis

A

process in which an animal’s body undergoes dramatic changes in form during its life cycle

40
Q

amphibians and reptiles are

A

cold blooded

Science (16 decks)

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