Proper Nouns and Latin Names Flashcards
1
Q
Dysfunctional Auerbach��_s plexus, ��_bird beak,��_ may be assoc. with Chagas disease (T. cruzi infection)
A
Achalasia
2
Q
Great anterior segmental medullary artery; L-sided in 65% of people; reinforces blood flow to 2/3 of anterior spinal cord
A
Artery of Adamkiewicz
3
Q
Primary adrenal insufficiency
A
Addison disease
4
Q
Arteriohepatic dysplasia; PS, butterfly vertebrae, long nose, 20p12-
A
Alagille syndrome
5
Q
Osteopetrosis
A
Albers-Schonberg disease
6
Q
Transmits pudendal nerve and internal pudendal a.
A
Alcock��_s canal
7
Q
Childhood leukodystrophy; macrocephaly, seizures, spasticity; GFAP mutation
A
Alexander disease
8
Q
Amniotic rupture with secondary entanglement and tearing/amputation of developed parts (usually digits)
A
Amniotic band disruption sequence
9
Q
Collagen IV mutation; Basement membrane splitting; nephritic syndrome; lens defects, deafness
A
Alport syndrome
10
Q
��_Happy puppet��_ inappropriate laughter; mental retardation, seizures, ataxia, 15q11-13 (maternal)
A
Angelman��_s syndrome
11
Q
Activated histiocytes; pathognomonic of RHD
A
Anitschkow��_s cells
12
Q
Restless legs syndrome
A
Anxietas tibiarum
13
Q
Turribrachycephaly, syndactyly, ankyloses, progressive synostoses, mental retardation; FGFR-2 gene; paternal
A
Apert syndrome
14
Q
��_Prostitute��_s pupil��_, accommodates but does not react; seen in neurosyphilis
A
Argyll-Robertson Pupil
15
Q
Tubular deposition of glycogen, seen in DM
A
Armanni-Ebstein lesion
16
Q
Small posterior fossa; downward displacement of cerebellum
A
Arnold-Chiari Malformation
17
Q
Chiari I: low-lying cerebellum; tonsils descend through foramen magnum; medullary compression, asymptomatic
A
Chiari I
18
Q
Chiari II: vermis and medulla descend through foramen; fatal
A
Chiari II
19
Q
Granuloma with giant cells; classic finding in RHD
A
Aschoff bodies
20
Q
Intrauterine adhesions, assoc with D and C; amenorrhea
A
Asherman��_s syndrome
21
Q
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor, related to Ewing��_s, small cell thoracopulmonary tumor
A
Askin��_s tumor
22
Q
Peroxidase (+) granulocyte/myeloblast inclusions; M3 leukemia; may cause DIC
A
Auer rods
23
Q
Projection of SA node to L atrium
A
Bachmann Bundle
24
Q
Atrial stretch ﾕ__ increased heart rate
A
Bainbridge Reflex
25
Infantile scurvy
Barlow��\_s disease
26
Mitral valve prolapse
Barlow��\_s syndrome
27
Squamous metaplasia at least 3cm into esophagus; assoc with adenoCA
Barrett��\_s Esophagus
28
Greater vestibular glands, homologous to Cowper��\_s
Bartholin��\_s glands
29
TAL ion transporter mutation; mimics loop diuretics, Salt wasting, hypercalciuria, hypoMg, hyperrenninemia, ��\_PGE2
Bartter��\_s syndrome
30
Abetalipoproteinemia
Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome
31
aka Spielmeyer-Vogt-Sjogren-Batten disease, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; childhood neurodegenerative disorder
Batten disease
32
Less severe muscular dystrophy than Duchenne��\_s
Becker��\_s muscular dystrophy
33
Hemihypertrophy, macroglossia, organomegaly, neonatal hypoglycemia, embryonal tumors, Wilms tumor, omphalocoele
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
34
First strained food given to infant
Beikost
35
Openings of pyramids to minor calyces (through area cribosa)
Papillary ducts of Bellini
36
Fat embolization; neurodysfunction, respiratory insufficiency, petechiae
Bergman��\_s triad
37
Defect of platelet adhesion (ﾕ\_\_ GP Ib)
Bernard-Soulier disease
38
Superior suspensory ligament of thyroid
Ligament of Berry
39
Projections of renal cortex between medullary pyramids
Columns of Bertin
40
IV local anesthetic for upper/lower ex anesthesia
Bier block
41
Irregularly irregular breathing with abrupt starts/stops, in dorsomedial medullary lesions
Biot��\_s breathing
42
Pearly, triangular, conjunctival spots; in Vitamin A deficiency
Bitot spots
43
Full-thickness esophageal tears
Boerhaave syndrome
44
Benign ovarian tumor; resembles bladder tissue
Brenner tumor
45
Allergy to A. fumigatus
Brewer��\_s lung
46
Avascular segment between anterior and posterior kidney; used for longitudinal sections when removing staghorn calculi
Brodel��\_s white line
47
Diminished INa current in RV epicardium; ST elevation V1-V3, ventricular arrhythmia, sudden cardiac death in young asian males
Brugada Syndrome
48
Submucosal duodenal glands
Brunner��\_s glands
49
White spots on periphery of iris; seen in Down syndrome
Brushfield spots
50
X-linked agammaglobulinemia; reduced all five Igs; recurrent infections after 6 mos of life
Bruton��\_s disease
51
Portal hypertension 2��\_ to hepatic vein occlusion
Budd-Chiari disease
52
EBV; ��\_Starry-sky��\_ appearance
Burkitt��\_s lymphoma
53
Diver��\_s disease; Nitrogen embolism
Caisson��\_s disease
54
Granulosa Cell Tumor
Call-Exner bodies
55
Demyelinating disease of infancy; metachromatic leukodystrophy, arylsulfatase A deficiency, AR
Canavan disease
56
Divides liver into R and L lobes (drawn between gallbladder, just left of IVC)
Cantle��\_s line
57
Cystic duct, common hepatic duct, liver margin
Calot��\_s triangle
58
RA and Coal worker pneuomoconiosis
Caplan syndrome
59
TR murmur increased with inspiration, decreased by Valsalva
Carvallo��\_s sign
60
Benign lymph node tumors; hyperproliferation of B cells, sometimes assoc with HHV-8
Castleman��\_s disease
61
Biopsy of aortopulmonary window nodes
Chamberlain procedure, modified
62
Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech
Charcot triad
63
Jaundice, fever, RUQ pain
Charcot triad of cholangitis
64
Seen in intraparenchymal hemorrhage
Charcot-Bouchard aneurysms
65
Eosinophilic debris, seen in bronchial asthma
Charcot-Leyden crystals
66
Peroneal muscle atrophy, stork-like appearance, pes cavus, foot drop, claw hand
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
67
A=T and G=C (in DNA/RNA)
Charkof��\_s Rule
68
Defective microtubular function; partial albinism, peripheral neuropathy, recurrent infections
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
69
Regularly irregular breathing with cyclic apnea, in bilateral hemispheric/diencephalon dysfunction
Cheyne-Stokes breathing
70
Talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joint; where eversion and inversion occur
Chopart��\_s joint
71
Factor IX deficiency
Christmas disease
72
Forearm AVF; uses native blood vessels (radial artery, cephalic vein) (contrast with Scribner shunt)
Cimino-Brescia fistula
73
Flushing, dizziness, tinnitus, BOV, impaired hearing, nausea, diarrhea
Cinchonism
74
Deep inguinal node
Cloquet��\_s node
75
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Conn syndrome
76
Mycobacterium infection; responsible for weight loss (releases cachectin and TNF-alpha)
Cord factor
77
Uteroplacental apoplexy; bleeding from abruptio into myometrium into peritoneum
Couvelaire uterus
78
Associated with herpetic infections
Cowdry Type A inclusion bodies
79
Yellow fever; viral hepatitis
Councilman bodies
80
Palpable nontender gallbladder (pancreatic head CA)
Courvoisier sign
81
Calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, Esophageal dysfunction, Sclerodactyly, Telangiectasia; ANA with anticentromere activity
CREST syndrome
82
Subacute Spongiform Encephalopathy; prion disease; 2 variants: Brownell-Oppenheimer (cerebellar ataxia) and Heidenhain (visual disturbances)
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
83
Microcephaly, severe mental retardation, cat-like cry, hypertelorism
Cri-du-chat syndrome (5p deletion)
84
Regional enteritis; cobblestoned mucosa with skip lesions; segmental narrowing, �\_�string sign�\_�
Crohn disease
85
GI polyposis, alopecia, hyperpigmentation, nail atrophy
Cronkite-Canada syndrome
86
Premature craniosynostosis, midface hypoplasia, shallow orbits, proptosis
Crouzon Syndrome
87
Periumbilical ecchymoses (acute pancreatitis)
Cullen sign
88
Congenital sacral deformity, presacral mass, anal malformation
Currarino triad
89
Pathologic finding in asthma; from shed epithelium
Curschmann spirals
90
Gastric ulcer associated with burns
Curling ulcer
91
Cushing��\_s syndrome caused by 1��\_ pituitary adenoma
Cushing��\_s disease
92
��\_Cortisol (any etiology), HTN, trunal obesity, moon facies, buffalo hump, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, amenorrhea, ��\_libido, immunocompromise
Cushing��\_s syndrome
93
Hypertension, bradycardia, respiratory depression
Cushing��\_s triad
94
Gastric ulcer associated with brain injury
Cushing��\_s ulcer
95
Empty RLQ in intussusception
Dance��\_s sign
96
Large posterior fossa; absent cerebellum
Dandy-Walker malformation
97
Morning hyperglycemia not associated with nocturnal hypoglycemia
Dawn phenomenon
98
Idiopathic EPB and APL inflammation; more common in women
De Quervain��\_s tenosynovitis
99
Subacute/granulomatous/giant cell thyroiditis, may be 2��\_ to viral infxn, granulomatous inflammation
De Quervain��\_s thyroiditis
100
Origin of lateral vestibulospinal tract
Deiter��\_s nucleus
101
Rectoprostatic fascia
Denonvilliers��\_ fascia
102
Wilms tumor, intersexual disorders, nephropathy [WT-1 gene abnormalities]
Denys-Drash syndrome
103
Congenital pure red cell aplasia; �\_�HbF, �\_�RBC ADA, �\_\_ retic, triphalangeal thumbs
Diamond-Blackfan syndrome
104
Scarlet fever
Dick test
105
CATCH-22 syndrome
DiGeorge syndrome
106
Perisinusoidal space
Disse��\_s space
107
IgG antibodies in hemolytic anemia
Donath-Landsteiner antibodies
108
Occurs when membrane is permeable to several (but not all) ions; not an osmotic equilibrium
Donnan equilibirium
109
Autoimmune post-MI fibrinous pericarditis (weeks post-MI)
Dressler��\_s syndrome
110
Black liver; conjugated hyperbilirubinemia; benign
Dubin-Johnson syndrome
111
Deleted dystrophin gene; proximal limb weakness muscle breakdown; pseudohypertrophy of calves
Duchenne��\_s muscular dystrophy
112
Progressive shortening, thickening, and fibrosis of palmar fascia and aponeurosis (MCP and PIP flexion of 4th and 5th digits).
Dupuytren��\_s contracture
113
Seen in cerebral malaria; with ring hemorrhages
Durck��\_s granuloma
114
Elongation of styloid process/calcification of stylohyoid; neck/face pain, dysphagia; CN IX compression
Eagle��\_s syndrome
115
Prune-belly syndrome
Eagle-Barrett Syndrome
116
Tricuspid displacement into RV; assoc with WPW
Ebstein��\_s anomaly
117
Micrognathia, rocker-bottom feet, congenital heart disease (trisomy 18)
Edward syndrome
118
��\_Waiter��\_s tip��\_ deformity, C5-C6 palsy, may involve diaphragm (via phrenic nerve)
Erb-Duchenne Palsy
119
IVC valve at RA
Eustachian valve
120
Early-onset calcification of basal ganglia and cerebellum
Fahr syndrome
121
Aplastic anemia, short stature, �\_�risk of CA; AR
Fanconi anemia
122
Proximal tubule dysfunction; (+) urine glucose, amino acids, phosphates
Fanconi syndrome
123
RA, splenomegaly, neutropenia
Felty��\_s syndrome
124
Asbestos bodies; dumbbell-shaped
Ferruginous bodies
125
Perihepatic gonorrheal infection; �\_�violin-string�\_� adhesions
Fitz-Hugh-Curtiss syndrome
126
Bilateral renal hypoplasia, displacement of nipples to MCL, polymastia
Fleischer syndrome
127
Retinoblastoma
Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes
128
Frontal lobe tumor; inappropriate behavior, ipsilateral optic nerve atrophy, contralateral papilledema, anosmia
Foster-Kennedy syndrome
129
Necrotizing soft tissue perineal/scrotal infection, assoc with DM
Fournier��\_s gangrene
130
Flushing and sweating in reaction to taste of food; follows auriculotemporal nerve injury
Frey��\_s syndrome
131
Ataxia before 10yrs, explosive speech, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Friedrich ataxia
132
S: Internal oblique and transversus abd, M: Rectus muscle and sheath, L: Iliopsoas, I: Pecten pubis, lined by transversalis fascia; anatomic etiol. of hernia
Fruchaud��\_s (myopectineal) orifice
133
Fx of distal 3rd of radius, dislocation of radioulnar joint
Galeazzi fracture
134
Deep perineal/investing fascia
Gallaudet��\_s fascia
135
Murmur of AS reflected to mitral area (sounds like MR)
Gallavardin��\_s phenomenon
136
Adenomatous polyps + osteomas
Gardner syndrome
137
Autoerythrocyte sensitivity, large ecchymoses on erythema
Gardner-Diamond syndrome
138
Iliotibial tract attachment
Gerdy��\_s tubercle
139
Prion disease; familial; cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, corticospinal tract signs, nystagmus. AD, late-onset
Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease
140
Na-Cl cotransporter mutation; similar to Bartter��\_s but milder; resembles thiazide diuretic effect
Gitelman��\_s syndrome
141
Defect of platelet aggregation (��\_GP IIb-IIIa)
Glanzmann��\_s thrombasthenia
142
Branchial cleft anomalies, biliary atresia, CHD
Goldenhar��\_s complex
143
ptch mutation; basal cell nevus syndrome; basal cell CA, medulloblastoma, jaw cysts
Gorlin��\_s syndrome
144
Use of upper limbs to stand; seen in Duchenne��\_s muscular dystrophy
Gower��\_s maneuver
145
Cause of recurrent ulceration post-vagotomy; from posterior vagus
[Criminal nerve of] Grassi
146
Myxedema
Gull disease
147
Compression of ulnar nerve at the wrist (between pisiform and hook of hamate); hypoesthesia of 4th and 5th digits; intrinsic hand muscle weakness
Guyon��\_s canal syndrome
148
Pigmentary degeneration of globus pallidus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, corticospinal and EP signs, �\_�eye of the tiger�\_� sign
Hallervorden-Spatz Disease
149
Mediastinal �\_�crunch�\_� assoc with emphysema
Hamman sign
150
Peripheral triangle near pleural edges, in PE
Hampton��\_s hump
151
Chronic progressive histiocytosis; skull lesions, DI, exophthalmos
Hand-Schuller-Christian disease
152
Infundibulum of gallbladder; common site for gallstone impaction
Hartmann��\_s pouch
153
Impaired tryptophan absorption
Hartnup disease
154
Thymic medullary bodies
Hassal��\_s bodies
155
Painless DIP nodules in osteoarthritis
Heberden��\_s nodules
156
G6PD Deficiency
Heinz bodies
157
Cystic duct valve (maintains patency)
Valve of Heisler
158
Childhood disintegrative disorder
Heller dementia
159
Area at cardia where middle circular and innermost oblique gastric muscular fibers blend
Collar of Helvetius
160
Small-vessel vasculitis due to IgA-dominant immune-complex deposition; affects skin, joints, GI
Henoch-Schonlein purpura
161
Periportal bile ductule
Canal of Hering
162
Carotid sinus nerve (CN IX); baroreceptor
Hering��\_s nerve
163
Intrinsic platelet defect and partial albinism
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome
164
Secretory granules in posterior pituitary
Herring bodies
165
Inferior epigastric artery, Lateral border of rectus abdominis, Inguinal ligament
Hesselbach��\_s triangle
166
Medial striate artery (from ACA; A2 segment)
Recurrent artery of Heubner
167
Spontaneous breakdown of atracurium, forms laudanosine (epileptogenic)
Hoffman elimination
168
Thumb anomalies, ASD (secundum) or VSD, phocomelia; T-box (TBX5) mutation
Holt-Oram syndrome
169
Calf pain with foot dorsiflexion, in DVT
Homan��\_s sign
170
Neuroblastoma
Homer-Wright pseudorosettes
171
Temporal arteritis
Horton��\_s disease
172
Nuclear remnants (Splenectomy)
Howell-Jolly bodies
173
Interstitial chronic cystitis, transmural fibrosis, ulceration
Hunner ulcer
174
Adductor canal
Hunter��\_s canal
175
\_-L-iduronidase deficiency, similar to Hurler��\_s but no corneal clouding
Hunter��\_s disease
176
Avulsion of ischial tuberosity at the attachment of biceps femoris and semitendinosus
Hurdler��\_s injury
177
\_-L-iduronidase deficiency; heparan and dermatan sulfate accumulation; gargoyle facies; corneal clouding, stubby fingers, death by 10 years
Hurler syndrome
178
Prolonged QT, hearing loss
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
179
IFN-\_ deficiency; coarse Facies, cold Abscess, retained primary Teeth, ��\_IgE, Dermatoses (FATED)
Job��\_s syndrome
180
Congenital anosmia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; X-linked
Kallman syndrome
181
Flexion, swelling, pain on passive extension, tenderness over tendon sheath
Kanavel��\_s four signs of tenosynovitis
182
Dynein dysfunction; bronchiectasis, sinusitis, situs inversus
Kartagener syndrome
183
Hemangioma and thrombocytopenia and fibrinogenopenia
Kasabach-Merritt syndrome
184
Mitochondrial DNA disorder; progressive ophthalmoplegia, pigmentary retinopathy, 3rd-deg AV block, ataxia, myopathy, �\_�CSF protein
Kearns-Sayre syndrome
185
Circular intestinal folds
Valves of Kerckring
186
Congestive cardiomyopathy 2��\_ to selenium deficiency
Keshan disease
187
Intercapillary glomerulosclerosis seen in DM nephropathy
Kimmelstein-Wilson lesions
188
�\_�Cloverleaf�\_� skull secondary to premature closure of all sutures
Kleeblattsch\_del
189
Episodic somnolence (\>18h/day), overeating, cognitive disturbances; possibly hypothalamic in origin
Kleine-Levin syndrome
190
Atrophic testes, tall stature, gynecomastia
Klinefelter syndrome (XXY, XXXY)
191
Congenital cervical vertebral fusion; short, immobile neck
Klippel-Feil syndrome
192
Thoracic outlet syndrome (C8-T1)
Klumpke��\_s palsy
193
Amygdala lesion; hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperphagia, hyperdocility
Kl��\_ver-Bucy syndrome
194
Psoriatic lesion eruption at sites of trauma
K\_bner phenomenon
195
Avascular necrosis of navicular bone
K\_hler bone disease
196
Memory impairment and confabulation
Korsakoff��\_s syndrome
197
Congenital neutropenia
Kostmann syndrome
198
Urea cycle/ornithine cycle
Krebs-Henseleit cycle
199
Gastric CA metastatic to ovaries
Krukenberg tumor
200
Liver macrophages
Kupffer cells
201
Acidotic breathing, deep, rapid breaths
Kussmaul��\_s breathing
202
Pulsus paradoxus
Kussmaul��\_s pulse
203
Distension of neck veins with inspiration (cardiac tamponade)
Kussmaul��\_s sign
204
Lentigenes, Atrial myxomas, Mucocutaneous myxomas, Blue nevi/Nevi, Atrial myx., Myxoid neurofibroma, Ephelides (freckles)
LAMB/NAME syndrome
205
NMJ disease, Anti-presynaptic Ca2+ channel, proximal muscle weakness improving with use (contrast with MG); assoc with small cell lung CA
Lambert-Eaton Syndrome
206
8q24.1; Multiple cone-shaped epiphyses, multiple cartilaginous exostoses, upturned nares, bulbous nasal tip, large ears
Langer-Giedion syndrome (Tricho-rhino-phalangeal type II)
207
Ulcerative colitis
�\_�Lead pipe�\_� appearance of colon
208
Mitochondrial DNA disorder; subacute bilateral central vision loss; retinal microangiopathy
Leber��\_s hereditary optic neuropathy
209
Idiopathic avascular necrosis of femoral head
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease
210
Subacute necrotizing encephalopathy, mitochondrial disorder
Leigh disease
211
Lentigenes, ECG abn., Ocular hypertelorism, Pulm. stenosis, Abnormal genitalia, Retardation of growth, Deafness
LEOPARD syndrome
212
Radial growth phase of melanoma
Lentigo maligna
213
HGPRT deficiency; hyperuricemia, gout, self-mutilation, choreoathetosis, aggression
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
214
Seborrheic keratosis associated with visceral malignancy
Leser-Trelat sign
215
Acute disseminated Langherhans cell histiocytosis; hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, infections, pulmonary involvement
Letterer-Siwe disease
216
Parkinsonism with dementia; hallucinations; \_-synuclein defect
Lewy body disease
217
Electric shock-like pain radiating down the spine or legs with neck flexion (in MS)
Lhermitte��\_s sign
218
p53 mutation Familial cancer syndrome; increased incidence of soft tissue sarcomas and other malignancies
Li-Fraumeni syndrome
219
Cardiac lesion in SLE
Libman-Sacks endocarditis
220
Pigmented iris hamartomas in von Recklinghausen��\_s
Lisch nodules
221
Tarsometatarsal joint
Lisfranc��\_s joint
222
Pulmonary ascariasis and hepatitis
Loeffler��\_s syndrome
223
Endomyocardial fibrosis with eosinophilic infiltrate
L\_ffler��\_s syndrome
224
Sacrcoidosis, erythema nodosum, hilar lymphadenopathy, anterior uveitis, polyarthritis
L\_fgren syndrome
225
Calcaneal fracture, usually involves subtalar joint
Lover��\_s fracture
226
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (\>30% involvement)
Lyell��\_s syndrome
227
HNPCC, high risk for malignancy
Lynch syndrome
228
Transverse cervical ligament
Cardinal ligament of Mackenrodt
229
Blue lesions, dyschondroplasia, osteochondromas
Mafucci��\_s syndrome
230
Periportal space
Mall��\_s space
231
Alcoholic hepatitis
Mallory bodies
232
Mucosal and submucosal esophageal tears
Mallory-Weiss tears
233
Juvenile multiple sclerosis
Marburg disease
234
Ankylosing spondylosis
Marie-Strumpell disease
235
Fibrillin deficiency; arachnodactyly, ectopia lentis, aordic dissection/dissecting aneurysm, MVP
Marfan syndrome
236
Mullerian agenesis; absent cervix, uterus, vagina, but normal hormones
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome
237
In onchocerciasis (from dying organisms): Fever, rash, ocular damage, joint pains, lymphangitis, hypotension, pyrexia, respiratory distress, prostration
Mazzotti reaction
238
RHD; White plaques in posterior LA from turbulent flow
McCallum plaques
239
Persistent vitelline duct; 2 in. long, 2ft from ileocecal valve, 2% of pop., 1st 2 yrs of life, 2 epithelial types
Meckel��\_s diverticulum
240
Bilateral ovarian fibroma; hydrothorax, ascites
Meig��\_s syndrome
241
Orofacial dystonia; dystonia and tardive dyskinesia
Meige��\_s syndrome
242
Recurrent facial paralysis, swelling of lips, development of tongue folds
Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome
243
Chemical pneumonitis caused by aspiration during anesthesia; assoc with obstetric anesthesia
Mendelson��\_s syndrome
244
Gastric hypertrophy with protein loss, parietal cell atrophy, and ��\_mucous cells. Precancerous
Menetrier��\_s disease
245
Tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo
Meniere��\_s disease
246
�\_�Kinky hair disease; X-linked-recessive Cu deficiency; hypotonia, sagging facial features, MR, brittle hair, metaphyseal widening
Menkes disease
247
Rare, potentially lethal neuroendocrine tumor
Merkel cell CA
248
Lacrimal and salivary gland enlargement 2��\_ to leukemia, sarcoid
Mikulicz syndrome
249
17p13.3-; microcephaly, lissencephaly, pachygyria, seizures, MR
Miller-Dieker syndrome
250
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase autoantibodies
251
Extrinsic obstruction of common hepatic duct by cystic duct stone
Mirizzi syndrome
252
Calcifications of tunica media; esp. radial/ulnar; ��\_pipestem��\_ arteries
Monckeburg��\_s arteriosclerosis
253
Thrombophlebitis of superficial breast veins
Mondor��\_s disease
254
Ulnar fx with dislocation of radial head
Monteggia fracture
255
Mucopolysaccharidosis (Type IV), urine keratin sulfate, dwarfism, short neck, protruding sternum, kyphosis, flat nose, prominent upper jaw, waddling gait, multiple fractures
Morquio syndrome
256
Tender neuroma between 3rd and 4th toes; caused by high-heeled pointed shoes
Morton neuroma
257
Basal cerebral rete mirabile; segmental stenosis of ICAs
Moyamoya
258
Acute guttate parapsoriasis / Pityriasis lichenoides at varioliformis acuta; Papulonecrotic papules
Mucha-Habermann disease
259
Urticaria, deafness, amyloidosis, episodic fever
Muckle-Wells syndrome
260
Associated with psoriasis
Munro��\_s abscesses
261
Cutaneous t-cell lymphoma; resembles psoriasis
Mycoses fungoides
262
Neural intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions; seen in rabies
Negri bodies
263
ASIS to ischial tuberosity; passes over greater trochanter
Nelaton��\_s line
264
Post-adrenalectomy overgrowth of pituitary adenoma
Nelson��\_s syndrome
265
Turner-like syndrome affecting males, short stature, MR, webbed neck, PS, pectus excavatum
Noonan syndrome
266
Cecal dilatation in bedridden/critically ill patients
Ogilvie syndrome
267
Idiopathic hypoventilation syndrome
Ondine��\_s curse
268
Hoarseness; Enlarged LA impinges on recurrent laryngeal nerve
Ortner��\_s syndrome
269
Traction apophysitis of tibial tubercle; overuse injury
Osgood-Schlatter disease
270
Painful nodules at pads of fingers and toes; in IE
Osler��\_s nodes
271
Polycythemia vera
Osler-Vaquez disease
272
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (nosebleeds, skin discoloration)
Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome
273
Ovarian enlargement, ascites, hypovolemia, shock (side effect of ovulation induction)
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
274
Osteitis deformans, unknown etiology; bone pain, high-output failure, hearing loss, osteosarcoma
Paget disease of bone
275
Small intestine; base of crypts of Lieberkuhn; prominent eosinophilic apical granules; defensive cells; long-lived
Paneth cells
276
Neoplastic T-cells in epidermis; Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
Pautrier microabscesses
277
Iron granules
Pappenheimer bodies
278
Assoc with cat-scratch disease, tularemia, unilateral conjunctivitis with preauricular LAD
Parinaud conjunctivitis
279
Pineal tumor; sunset eyes, loss of upward gaze
Parinaud syndrome
280
Junctions of: cystic/common bile duct, 2nd/3rd part of duodenum, neck/body of pancreas; most common location of gastrinomas
Passaro��\_s triangle
281
Palatopharyngeal sphincter
Passavant��\_s ridge
282
Microphthalmia, microcephaly, brain abnormalities, CLAP, polydactyly, rocker-bottom feet, CHD
Patau syndrome (trisomy 13)
283
Night terror; stage 3-4 sleep; seen in children
Pavor nocturnus
284
Facial suffusion, syncope on arm-raising due to retrosternal goiter
Pemberton��\_s sign
285
Thyroid organification defect, hearing loss
Pendred syndrome
286
Benign polyposis; perioral hyperpigmentation
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
287
Bent penis; acquired fibrous tissue formation
Peyronie��\_s disease
288
Turribrachycephaly, syndactyly, broad thumbs and 1st toes; autosomal dominant
Pfeiffer syndrome
289
Frontotemporal dementia; intracellular tau protein
Pick��\_s disease
290
Hypertension, cor pulmonale, polycythemia, OSA, obesity
Pickwickian syndrome
291
Micrognathia, glossoptosis, cleft palate
Pierre-Robin sequence
292
Hyperthyroidism, nodular goiter, absence of exophthalmos
Plummer disease
293
Atrophic glossitis, esophageal webs, IDA
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
294
Amastia, rib defects, chest wall hypoplasia, brachysyndactyly
Poland syndrome
295
Portal vein (posterior), common bile duct (ant. R), hepatic artery (ant. L) in hepatoduodenal lig.
Portal triad
296
Eversion injury; avulsion of medial malleolus, fibular fx
Pott��\_s fracture
297
Bilateral renal agenensis; oligohydramnios; limb and facial deformities; pulmonary hypoplasia
Potter��\_s syndrome
298
Inguinal ligament
Poupart��\_s ligament
299
Obesity, hypogonadism, hypotonia, mental retaradation, 15q11-13
Prader-Willi syndrome
300
��\_ 10mmHg in BP on inspiration (cardiac tamponade, OSA, asthma, pericarditis, croup)
Pulsus paradoxus (Kussmaul��\_s pulse)
301
Aortic stenosis; delayed upstroke of carotid pulse
Pulsus parvus et tardus
302
Sudden loss of vision in Pt with acute pancreatitis; cotton-wool spots/hemorrhages at macula
Purtscher��\_s retinopathy
303
Angioedema
Quincke��\_s edema
304
Herpes Zoster; Facial palsy, ageusia in anterior 2/3 of tongue, vesicles in EAC
Ramsay-Hunt syndrome
305
Ghon focus + perihilar lymph node
Ranke focus
306
CD30+ and CD15+ giant B-cells, ��\_owl��\_s eye,��\_ characteristic of Hodgkin��\_s lymphoma
Reed-Sternberg cells
307
Defect in phytanic acid oxidation; AR; Neuropathy, retinal pigmentation, ataxia, anosmia, deafness, skin lesions, �\_� CSF proteins
Refsum disease
308
Stapes, styloid, lesser horn of hyoid, stylohyoid lig.
Reichert��\_s cartilage
309
Found in Leydig cells in adults; function unknown
Reinke��\_s crystals
310
Inhibitory cells in ventral horn of spinal cord; inhibited by tetanus toxin
Renshaw cells
311
Common in girls, midline handwringing, regression, sighing, ataxia, bruxism, seizures
Rett syndrome
312
Retropubic space
Space of Retzius
313
Charcot��\_s triad plus hypotension and mental status changes
Reynold��\_s pentad
314
Tyrosine aminotransferase deficiency (Type II tyrosinemia)
Richner-Hanhart syndrome
315
Thyroid replacement by fibrous tissue, unknown etiology
Riedel thyroiditis
316
Familial dysautonomia
Riley-Day syndrome
317
SMA and IMA collateral
Arc of Riolan
318
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Ritter��\_s disease
319
Long arms of two acrocentric chromosomes join with common centromere with loss of short arms
Robertsonian translocation
320
Onchocerciasis/�\_�river blindness�\_�
Robles disease
321
Gallbladder mucosa penetrating into muscularis layer; early indicator of pathologic change, seen in chronic cholecystitis
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
322
PIlocytic astrocytoma; eosinophilic corkscrew fibers in astrocytes
Rosenthal fibers
323
Nodes between pectoralis major and minor
Rotter��\_s nodes
324
16p13-; Microcephaly, ptosis, beaked nose, low philtrum, broad thumbs, large toes, MR
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
325
Intramural portion of ureter (ureterovesical valve)
Valve of Sampson
326
Nasal polyp, ASA sensitivity, asthma
Samter��\_s triad
327
Lipid metabolism disorder, hexaminidase a and b deficiency
Sandhoff disease
328
Progressive pigmented purpuric dermatitis
Schamberg disease
329
Submucosal ring in lower esophagus; assoc. w/ drug intake; not assoc. with CA
Schatzi��\_s ring
330
Laminated concretions of Ca and proteins, seen in sarcoidosis
Schaumann bodies
331
Dialysis access procedure; uses Teflon tube with 2 needles
Scribner shunt
332
Hematogenous invasion of mycosis fungoides
Sezary-Lutzner syndrome
333
Piebaldism, Hirschsprung��\_s disease
Shah-Waardenburg syndrome
334
Multiple systems atrophy; Parkinsonism; UMN/LMN, cerebellar, autonomic dysfunction
Shy-Drager syndrome
335
Dry eye, dry mouth
Sicca syndrome
336
Pituitary cachexia; generalized panhypopituitarism
Simmonds disease
337
MEN IIa
Sipple Syndrome
338
Dry eye, dry mouth, (sicca syndrome), plus autoimmune disease (commonly RA)
Sjogren syndrome
339
Paraurethral glands (homologous to prostate); lateral and inferior to urethral meatus
Skene��\_s glands
340
Deep fibular nerve entrapment
Ski-boot syndrome
341
17p11.2; Brachycephaly, midface hypoplasia, prognathism, myopia, short stature
Smith-Magenis
342
Hyperglycemia following hypoglycemia (as in post-breakfast)
Somogyi effect
343
LGA, MR, hydrocephalus, pointed chin
Sotos syndrome
344
Hernia along the lateral border of rectus abdominis
Spigelian hernia
345
Nevus with cytologic atypia; resembles hemangioma; always benign
Spitz nevus
346
Hepatic dysfunction as paraneoplastic syndrome of Renal Cell CA
Stauffer syndrome
347
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Stein-Leventhal syndrome
348
Parotid duct
Stensen��\_s duct
349
Lymphangiosarcoma in post-mastectomy, post-RT patients
Stewart-Treves sydrome
350
Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis
Still disease
351
Syncope and convulsions 2��\_ to complete heart block, HR\<40
Stokes-Adams syndrome
352
�\_�Port wine�\_� stain on face, leptomeningeal angiomatosis
Sturg-Weber disease
353
Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis; Red plaques/nodules on head, neck, UE; neutrophilic infiltrate
Sweet��\_s syndrome
354
SCID; T and B cell deficiency; severe infections, failure to thrive, GvH disease
Swiss-type agammaglobulinemia
355
Acatalasemia
Takahara��\_s disease
356
Familial \_-lipoprotein deficiency, low HDL, orange/yellow tonsils
Tangier��\_s disease
357
Type VII glycogen storage disease, muscle PFK deficiency, least common; hemolytic anemia, muscle weakness
Tarui disease
358
Gastrocnemius strain
�\_�Tennis leg�\_�
359
Coronary sinus valve at RA
Thebesian valve
360
Myotonia congenital; tonic muscle spasms
Thomsen��\_s disease
361
Aseptic costochondritis of rib cartilage
Tietze��\_s syndrome
362
RSBI (rapid shallow breathing index); freq/TV, if 105, 80% failure
Tobin index
363
Sebaceous adenomas, multiple GI CA, laryngeal, GU, endomet CA
Torre syndrome
364
Mandibulofacial dystosis (also known as Franceschetti syndrome)
Treacher Collins syndrome
365
Migratory thrombophlebitis; pancreatic/visceral CA
Trousseau��\_s phenomenon
366
Muscle spasm from pressure applied to upper ex.; due to hypocalcemia
Trousseau��\_s sign
367
TSC-1 and -2 mutation; angiofibroma and renal angiomyolipoma
Tuberous sclerosis
368
Adenomatous polyps + gliomas
Turcot syndrome
369
Flank ecchymoses (acute pancreatitis)
[Grey]-Turner sign
370
Female hypogonadism, short stature, webbed neck, shield-like chest
Turner syndrome (XO)
371
Secretes smegma; preputial gland
Tyson��\_s gland
372
Retinitis pigmentosa, hearing loss
Usher syndrome
373
VIPoma; WDHA syndrome, Watery Diarrhea, Hypokalemia, Achlorhydria
Verner-Morrison syndrome
374
Supraclavicular nodes
Virchow��\_s nodes
375
Stasis, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage
Virchow��\_s triad
376
Vitiligo, aseptic meningitis, uveitis, tinnitus, dysacusis
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
377
Forearm muscle contracture 2��\_ to supracondylar fracture of the humerus and subsequent brachial artery spasm
Volkmann��\_s contracture
378
Lingual glands
[serous glands of] Von Ebner
379
Failure of upper eyelid to follow downward gaze; in Graves
Von Graefe��\_s sign
380
Hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla; assoc with Renal Cell CA; deleted VHL gene; chromosome 3p
Von Hippel-Lindau disease
381
Neurofibromatosis
Von Recklinghausen��\_s disease
382
Osteitis fibrosa cystica, ��\_brown tumor��\_
Von Recklinghausen��\_s disease of bone
383
Psoriasis variant; Fever, generalized sterile pustules
Von Zumbusch pustular psoriasis
384
Piebaldism, congenital SNHL, dystopia canthorum, heterochromic irises, broad nasal root
Waardenburg syndrome
385
Wilms tumor, Aniridia, GU malformations, mental Retardation
WAGR Syndrome
386
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, related to multiple myeloma
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
387
Papillary cystademona lymphomatosum, usually in parotid
Warthin tumors
388
Multinucleate giant cells; seen in measles
Warthin-Finkeldy cells
389
Septic shock 2��\_ to meningococcemia (MRS); Adrenal hemorrhage in meningococcemia (1st Aid)
Waterhouse-Friedrichsen syndrome
390
For urinary porphobilinogen; Acute intermittent porphyria
Watson-Schwartz test
391
Friction-induced ischial bursitis
Weaver��\_s bottom
392
Necrotizing granulomas in lung and upper resp., focal necrotizing vasculitis, necrotizing GN; c-ANCA
Wegener��\_s granulomatosis
393
Store P-selectins
Weibel-Palade bodies
394
Infantile spinal muscular atrophy; �\_�floppy baby;�\_� AR
Werdnig-Hoffman disease
395
MEN-1
Wermer syndrome
396
Encephalopathy due to thiamin deficiency; common in alcoholics
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
397
Diminished pulmonary vascular markings, in PE
Westermark��\_s sign
398
Malabsorption syndrome; Tropheryma whippelii (G+), PAS-positive macrophages in lamina propria, mesenteric nodes; idiopathic steatorrhea
Whipple��\_s disease
399
Symptomatic fasting hypoglycemia, FBS \<50mg/dL, relief of symptoms with glucose admin; seen in insulinoma
Whipple��\_s triad
400
Lichen planus, white plaques
Wickham striae
401
Friendly, talkative; elfin facies; MR, AS, hypercalcemia
Williams syndrome
402
Omental foramen (communication bet. greater and lesser sac)
Foramen of Winslow
403
Enlargement of posterior auricular nodes seen in T. gambiense infection
Winterbottom��\_s sign
404
X-linked IgM defect; recurrent infections, thrombocytopenic purpura; eczema; �\_� IgA
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
405
4p-; �\_�Greek helmet�\_� facies, ptosis, strabismus, nystagmus, hypospadias, MR
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome
406
Inhibition of thyroid hormone organification by excess I-
Wolff-Chaikoff effect
407
Type 1 DM, DI, optic atrophy, SNHL, bladder dysfunction
Wolfram sydrome
408
Seen in mature arterial thrombi
Lines of Zahn
409
Neuroectodermal round/oval chief cells; in carotid body tumors
Zellballen nests
410
Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome; absent peroxisomes in all tissues
Zellweger��\_s syndrome
411
False diverticulum above cricopharyngeus; mucosal herniation; halitosis, dysphagia, obstruction
Zenker��\_s diverticulum
412
Paraaortic ganglia/bodies (can be a site of pheochromocytoma)
Zuckerkandl��\_s bodies
