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PBR Fast Review by Cliff > Proper Nouns and Latin Names > Flashcards

Proper Nouns and Latin Names Flashcards

1
Q

Dysfunctional Auerbach��_s plexus, ��_bird beak,��_ may be assoc. with Chagas disease (T. cruzi infection)

A

Achalasia

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2
Q

Great anterior segmental medullary artery; L-sided in 65% of people; reinforces blood flow to 2/3 of anterior spinal cord

A

Artery of Adamkiewicz

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3
Q

Primary adrenal insufficiency

A

Addison disease

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4
Q

Arteriohepatic dysplasia; PS, butterfly vertebrae, long nose, 20p12-

A

Alagille syndrome

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5
Q

Osteopetrosis

A

Albers-Schonberg disease

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6
Q

Transmits pudendal nerve and internal pudendal a.

A

Alcock��_s canal

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7
Q

Childhood leukodystrophy; macrocephaly, seizures, spasticity; GFAP mutation

A

Alexander disease

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8
Q

Amniotic rupture with secondary entanglement and tearing/amputation of developed parts (usually digits)

A

Amniotic band disruption sequence

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9
Q

Collagen IV mutation; Basement membrane splitting; nephritic syndrome; lens defects, deafness

A

Alport syndrome

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10
Q

��_Happy puppet��_ inappropriate laughter; mental retardation, seizures, ataxia, 15q11-13 (maternal)

A

Angelman��_s syndrome

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11
Q

Activated histiocytes; pathognomonic of RHD

A

Anitschkow��_s cells

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12
Q

Restless legs syndrome

A

Anxietas tibiarum

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13
Q

Turribrachycephaly, syndactyly, ankyloses, progressive synostoses, mental retardation; FGFR-2 gene; paternal

A

Apert syndrome

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14
Q

��_Prostitute��_s pupil��_, accommodates but does not react; seen in neurosyphilis

A

Argyll-Robertson Pupil

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15
Q

Tubular deposition of glycogen, seen in DM

A

Armanni-Ebstein lesion

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16
Q

Small posterior fossa; downward displacement of cerebellum

A

Arnold-Chiari Malformation

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17
Q

Chiari I: low-lying cerebellum; tonsils descend through foramen magnum; medullary compression, asymptomatic

A

Chiari I

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18
Q

Chiari II: vermis and medulla descend through foramen; fatal

A

Chiari II

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19
Q

Granuloma with giant cells; classic finding in RHD

A

Aschoff bodies

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20
Q

Intrauterine adhesions, assoc with D and C; amenorrhea

A

Asherman��_s syndrome

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21
Q

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor, related to Ewing��_s, small cell thoracopulmonary tumor

A

Askin��_s tumor

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22
Q

Peroxidase (+) granulocyte/myeloblast inclusions; M3 leukemia; may cause DIC

A

Auer rods

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23
Q

Projection of SA node to L atrium

A

Bachmann Bundle

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24
Q

Atrial stretch ﾕ__ increased heart rate

A

Bainbridge Reflex

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25
Q

Infantile scurvy

A

Barlow��_s disease

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26
Q

Mitral valve prolapse

A

Barlow��_s syndrome

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27
Q

Squamous metaplasia at least 3cm into esophagus; assoc with adenoCA

A

Barrett��_s Esophagus

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28
Q

Greater vestibular glands, homologous to Cowper��_s

A

Bartholin��_s glands

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29
Q

TAL ion transporter mutation; mimics loop diuretics, Salt wasting, hypercalciuria, hypoMg, hyperrenninemia, ��_PGE2

A

Bartter��_s syndrome

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30
Q

Abetalipoproteinemia

A

Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome

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31
Q

aka Spielmeyer-Vogt-Sjogren-Batten disease, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis; childhood neurodegenerative disorder

A

Batten disease

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32
Q

Less severe muscular dystrophy than Duchenne��_s

A

Becker��_s muscular dystrophy

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33
Q

Hemihypertrophy, macroglossia, organomegaly, neonatal hypoglycemia, embryonal tumors, Wilms tumor, omphalocoele

A

Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome

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34
Q

First strained food given to infant

A

Beikost

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35
Q

Openings of pyramids to minor calyces (through area cribosa)

A

Papillary ducts of Bellini

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36
Q

Fat embolization; neurodysfunction, respiratory insufficiency, petechiae

A

Bergman��_s triad

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37
Q

Defect of platelet adhesion (ﾕ__ GP Ib)

A

Bernard-Soulier disease

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38
Q

Superior suspensory ligament of thyroid

A

Ligament of Berry

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39
Q

Projections of renal cortex between medullary pyramids

A

Columns of Bertin

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40
Q

IV local anesthetic for upper/lower ex anesthesia

A

Bier block

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41
Q

Irregularly irregular breathing with abrupt starts/stops, in dorsomedial medullary lesions

A

Biot��_s breathing

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42
Q

Pearly, triangular, conjunctival spots; in Vitamin A deficiency

A

Bitot spots

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43
Q

Full-thickness esophageal tears

A

Boerhaave syndrome

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44
Q

Benign ovarian tumor; resembles bladder tissue

A

Brenner tumor

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45
Q

Allergy to A. fumigatus

A

Brewer��_s lung

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46
Q

Avascular segment between anterior and posterior kidney; used for longitudinal sections when removing staghorn calculi

A

Brodel��_s white line

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47
Q

Diminished INa current in RV epicardium; ST elevation V1-V3, ventricular arrhythmia, sudden cardiac death in young asian males

A

Brugada Syndrome

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48
Q

Submucosal duodenal glands

A

Brunner��_s glands

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49
Q

White spots on periphery of iris; seen in Down syndrome

A

Brushfield spots

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50
Q

X-linked agammaglobulinemia; reduced all five Igs; recurrent infections after 6 mos of life

A

Bruton��_s disease

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51
Q

Portal hypertension 2��_ to hepatic vein occlusion

A

Budd-Chiari disease

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52
Q

EBV; ��_Starry-sky��_ appearance

A

Burkitt��_s lymphoma

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53
Q

Diver��_s disease; Nitrogen embolism

A

Caisson��_s disease

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54
Q

Granulosa Cell Tumor

A

Call-Exner bodies

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55
Q

Demyelinating disease of infancy; metachromatic leukodystrophy, arylsulfatase A deficiency, AR

A

Canavan disease

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56
Q

Divides liver into R and L lobes (drawn between gallbladder, just left of IVC)

A

Cantle��_s line

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57
Q

Cystic duct, common hepatic duct, liver margin

A

Calot��_s triangle

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58
Q

RA and Coal worker pneuomoconiosis

A

Caplan syndrome

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59
Q

TR murmur increased with inspiration, decreased by Valsalva

A

Carvallo��_s sign

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60
Q

Benign lymph node tumors; hyperproliferation of B cells, sometimes assoc with HHV-8

A

Castleman��_s disease

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61
Q

Biopsy of aortopulmonary window nodes

A

Chamberlain procedure, modified

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62
Q

Nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech

A

Charcot triad

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63
Q

Jaundice, fever, RUQ pain

A

Charcot triad of cholangitis

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64
Q

Seen in intraparenchymal hemorrhage

A

Charcot-Bouchard aneurysms

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65
Q

Eosinophilic debris, seen in bronchial asthma

A

Charcot-Leyden crystals

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66
Q

Peroneal muscle atrophy, stork-like appearance, pes cavus, foot drop, claw hand

A

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

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67
Q

A=T and G=C (in DNA/RNA)

A

Charkof��_s Rule

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68
Q

Defective microtubular function; partial albinism, peripheral neuropathy, recurrent infections

A

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

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69
Q

Regularly irregular breathing with cyclic apnea, in bilateral hemispheric/diencephalon dysfunction

A

Cheyne-Stokes breathing

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70
Q

Talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joint; where eversion and inversion occur

A

Chopart��_s joint

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71
Q

Factor IX deficiency

A

Christmas disease

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72
Q

Forearm AVF; uses native blood vessels (radial artery, cephalic vein) (contrast with Scribner shunt)

A

Cimino-Brescia fistula

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73
Q

Flushing, dizziness, tinnitus, BOV, impaired hearing, nausea, diarrhea

A

Cinchonism

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74
Q

Deep inguinal node

A

Cloquet��_s node

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75
Q

Primary hyperaldosteronism

A

Conn syndrome

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76
Q

Mycobacterium infection; responsible for weight loss (releases cachectin and TNF-alpha)

A

Cord factor

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77
Q

Uteroplacental apoplexy; bleeding from abruptio into myometrium into peritoneum

A

Couvelaire uterus

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78
Q

Associated with herpetic infections

A

Cowdry Type A inclusion bodies

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79
Q

Yellow fever; viral hepatitis

A

Councilman bodies

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80
Q

Palpable nontender gallbladder (pancreatic head CA)

A

Courvoisier sign

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81
Q

Calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, Esophageal dysfunction, Sclerodactyly, Telangiectasia; ANA with anticentromere activity

A

CREST syndrome

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82
Q

Subacute Spongiform Encephalopathy; prion disease; 2 variants: Brownell-Oppenheimer (cerebellar ataxia) and Heidenhain (visual disturbances)

A

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

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83
Q

Microcephaly, severe mental retardation, cat-like cry, hypertelorism

A

Cri-du-chat syndrome (5p deletion)

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84
Q

Regional enteritis; cobblestoned mucosa with skip lesions; segmental narrowing, �_�string sign�_�

A

Crohn disease

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85
Q

GI polyposis, alopecia, hyperpigmentation, nail atrophy

A

Cronkite-Canada syndrome

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86
Q

Premature craniosynostosis, midface hypoplasia, shallow orbits, proptosis

A

Crouzon Syndrome

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87
Q

Periumbilical ecchymoses (acute pancreatitis)

A

Cullen sign

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88
Q

Congenital sacral deformity, presacral mass, anal malformation

A

Currarino triad

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89
Q

Pathologic finding in asthma; from shed epithelium

A

Curschmann spirals

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90
Q

Gastric ulcer associated with burns

A

Curling ulcer

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91
Q

Cushing��_s syndrome caused by 1��_ pituitary adenoma

A

Cushing��_s disease

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92
Q

��_Cortisol (any etiology), HTN, trunal obesity, moon facies, buffalo hump, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis, amenorrhea, ��_libido, immunocompromise

A

Cushing��_s syndrome

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93
Q

Hypertension, bradycardia, respiratory depression

A

Cushing��_s triad

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94
Q

Gastric ulcer associated with brain injury

A

Cushing��_s ulcer

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95
Q

Empty RLQ in intussusception

A

Dance��_s sign

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96
Q

Large posterior fossa; absent cerebellum

A

Dandy-Walker malformation

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97
Q

Morning hyperglycemia not associated with nocturnal hypoglycemia

A

Dawn phenomenon

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98
Q

Idiopathic EPB and APL inflammation; more common in women

A

De Quervain��_s tenosynovitis

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99
Q

Subacute/granulomatous/giant cell thyroiditis, may be 2��_ to viral infxn, granulomatous inflammation

A

De Quervain��_s thyroiditis

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100
Q

Origin of lateral vestibulospinal tract

A

Deiter��_s nucleus

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101
Q

Rectoprostatic fascia

A

Denonvilliers��_ fascia

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102
Q

Wilms tumor, intersexual disorders, nephropathy [WT-1 gene abnormalities]

A

Denys-Drash syndrome

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103
Q

Congenital pure red cell aplasia; �_�HbF, �_�RBC ADA, �__ retic, triphalangeal thumbs

A

Diamond-Blackfan syndrome

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104
Q

Scarlet fever

A

Dick test

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105
Q

CATCH-22 syndrome

A

DiGeorge syndrome

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106
Q

Perisinusoidal space

A

Disse��_s space

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107
Q

IgG antibodies in hemolytic anemia

A

Donath-Landsteiner antibodies

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108
Q

Occurs when membrane is permeable to several (but not all) ions; not an osmotic equilibrium

A

Donnan equilibirium

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109
Q

Autoimmune post-MI fibrinous pericarditis (weeks post-MI)

A

Dressler��_s syndrome

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110
Q

Black liver; conjugated hyperbilirubinemia; benign

A

Dubin-Johnson syndrome

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111
Q

Deleted dystrophin gene; proximal limb weakness muscle breakdown; pseudohypertrophy of calves

A

Duchenne��_s muscular dystrophy

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112
Q

Progressive shortening, thickening, and fibrosis of palmar fascia and aponeurosis (MCP and PIP flexion of 4th and 5th digits).

A

Dupuytren��_s contracture

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113
Q

Seen in cerebral malaria; with ring hemorrhages

A

Durck��_s granuloma

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114
Q

Elongation of styloid process/calcification of stylohyoid; neck/face pain, dysphagia; CN IX compression

A

Eagle��_s syndrome

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115
Q

Prune-belly syndrome

A

Eagle-Barrett Syndrome

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116
Q

Tricuspid displacement into RV; assoc with WPW

A

Ebstein��_s anomaly

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117
Q

Micrognathia, rocker-bottom feet, congenital heart disease (trisomy 18)

A

Edward syndrome

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118
Q

��_Waiter��_s tip��_ deformity, C5-C6 palsy, may involve diaphragm (via phrenic nerve)

A

Erb-Duchenne Palsy

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119
Q

IVC valve at RA

A

Eustachian valve

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120
Q

Early-onset calcification of basal ganglia and cerebellum

A

Fahr syndrome

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121
Q

Aplastic anemia, short stature, �_�risk of CA; AR

A

Fanconi anemia

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122
Q

Proximal tubule dysfunction; (+) urine glucose, amino acids, phosphates

A

Fanconi syndrome

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123
Q

RA, splenomegaly, neutropenia

A

Felty��_s syndrome

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124
Q

Asbestos bodies; dumbbell-shaped

A

Ferruginous bodies

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125
Q

Perihepatic gonorrheal infection; �_�violin-string�_� adhesions

A

Fitz-Hugh-Curtiss syndrome

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126
Q

Bilateral renal hypoplasia, displacement of nipples to MCL, polymastia

A

Fleischer syndrome

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127
Q

Retinoblastoma

A

Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes

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128
Q

Frontal lobe tumor; inappropriate behavior, ipsilateral optic nerve atrophy, contralateral papilledema, anosmia

A

Foster-Kennedy syndrome

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129
Q

Necrotizing soft tissue perineal/scrotal infection, assoc with DM

A

Fournier��_s gangrene

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130
Q

Flushing and sweating in reaction to taste of food; follows auriculotemporal nerve injury

A

Frey��_s syndrome

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131
Q

Ataxia before 10yrs, explosive speech, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

Friedrich ataxia

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132
Q

S: Internal oblique and transversus abd, M: Rectus muscle and sheath, L: Iliopsoas, I: Pecten pubis, lined by transversalis fascia; anatomic etiol. of hernia

A

Fruchaud��_s (myopectineal) orifice

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133
Q

Fx of distal 3rd of radius, dislocation of radioulnar joint

A

Galeazzi fracture

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134
Q

Deep perineal/investing fascia

A

Gallaudet��_s fascia

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135
Q

Murmur of AS reflected to mitral area (sounds like MR)

A

Gallavardin��_s phenomenon

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136
Q

Adenomatous polyps + osteomas

A

Gardner syndrome

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137
Q

Autoerythrocyte sensitivity, large ecchymoses on erythema

A

Gardner-Diamond syndrome

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138
Q

Iliotibial tract attachment

A

Gerdy��_s tubercle

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139
Q

Prion disease; familial; cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, corticospinal tract signs, nystagmus. AD, late-onset

A

Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease

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140
Q

Na-Cl cotransporter mutation; similar to Bartter��_s but milder; resembles thiazide diuretic effect

A

Gitelman��_s syndrome

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141
Q

Defect of platelet aggregation (��_GP IIb-IIIa)

A

Glanzmann��_s thrombasthenia

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142
Q

Branchial cleft anomalies, biliary atresia, CHD

A

Goldenhar��_s complex

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143
Q

ptch mutation; basal cell nevus syndrome; basal cell CA, medulloblastoma, jaw cysts

A

Gorlin��_s syndrome

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144
Q

Use of upper limbs to stand; seen in Duchenne��_s muscular dystrophy

A

Gower��_s maneuver

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145
Q

Cause of recurrent ulceration post-vagotomy; from posterior vagus

A

[Criminal nerve of] Grassi

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146
Q

Myxedema

A

Gull disease

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147
Q

Compression of ulnar nerve at the wrist (between pisiform and hook of hamate); hypoesthesia of 4th and 5th digits; intrinsic hand muscle weakness

A

Guyon��_s canal syndrome

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148
Q

Pigmentary degeneration of globus pallidus, substantia nigra, red nucleus, corticospinal and EP signs, �_�eye of the tiger�_� sign

A

Hallervorden-Spatz Disease

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149
Q

Mediastinal �_�crunch�_� assoc with emphysema

A

Hamman sign

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150
Q

Peripheral triangle near pleural edges, in PE

A

Hampton��_s hump

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151
Q

Chronic progressive histiocytosis; skull lesions, DI, exophthalmos

A

Hand-Schuller-Christian disease

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152
Q

Infundibulum of gallbladder; common site for gallstone impaction

A

Hartmann��_s pouch

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153
Q

Impaired tryptophan absorption

A

Hartnup disease

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154
Q

Thymic medullary bodies

A

Hassal��_s bodies

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155
Q

Painless DIP nodules in osteoarthritis

A

Heberden��_s nodules

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156
Q

G6PD Deficiency

A

Heinz bodies

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157
Q

Cystic duct valve (maintains patency)

A

Valve of Heisler

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158
Q

Childhood disintegrative disorder

A

Heller dementia

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159
Q

Area at cardia where middle circular and innermost oblique gastric muscular fibers blend

A

Collar of Helvetius

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160
Q

Small-vessel vasculitis due to IgA-dominant immune-complex deposition; affects skin, joints, GI

A

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

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161
Q

Periportal bile ductule

A

Canal of Hering

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162
Q

Carotid sinus nerve (CN IX); baroreceptor

A

Hering��_s nerve

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163
Q

Intrinsic platelet defect and partial albinism

A

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome

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164
Q

Secretory granules in posterior pituitary

A

Herring bodies

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165
Q

Inferior epigastric artery, Lateral border of rectus abdominis, Inguinal ligament

A

Hesselbach��_s triangle

166
Q

Medial striate artery (from ACA; A2 segment)

A

Recurrent artery of Heubner

167
Q

Spontaneous breakdown of atracurium, forms laudanosine (epileptogenic)

A

Hoffman elimination

168
Q

Thumb anomalies, ASD (secundum) or VSD, phocomelia; T-box (TBX5) mutation

A

Holt-Oram syndrome

169
Q

Calf pain with foot dorsiflexion, in DVT

A

Homan��_s sign

170
Q

Neuroblastoma

A

Homer-Wright pseudorosettes

171
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

Horton��_s disease

172
Q

Nuclear remnants (Splenectomy)

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

173
Q

Interstitial chronic cystitis, transmural fibrosis, ulceration

A

Hunner ulcer

174
Q

Adductor canal

A

Hunter��_s canal

175
Q

_-L-iduronidase deficiency, similar to Hurler��_s but no corneal clouding

A

Hunter��_s disease

176
Q

Avulsion of ischial tuberosity at the attachment of biceps femoris and semitendinosus

A

Hurdler��_s injury

177
Q

_-L-iduronidase deficiency; heparan and dermatan sulfate accumulation; gargoyle facies; corneal clouding, stubby fingers, death by 10 years

A

Hurler syndrome

178
Q

Prolonged QT, hearing loss

A

Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome

179
Q

IFN-_ deficiency; coarse Facies, cold Abscess, retained primary Teeth, ��_IgE, Dermatoses (FATED)

A

Job��_s syndrome

180
Q

Congenital anosmia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism; X-linked

A

Kallman syndrome

181
Q

Flexion, swelling, pain on passive extension, tenderness over tendon sheath

A

Kanavel��_s four signs of tenosynovitis

182
Q

Dynein dysfunction; bronchiectasis, sinusitis, situs inversus

A

Kartagener syndrome

183
Q

Hemangioma and thrombocytopenia and fibrinogenopenia

A

Kasabach-Merritt syndrome

184
Q

Mitochondrial DNA disorder; progressive ophthalmoplegia, pigmentary retinopathy, 3rd-deg AV block, ataxia, myopathy, �_�CSF protein

A

Kearns-Sayre syndrome

185
Q

Circular intestinal folds

A

Valves of Kerckring

186
Q

Congestive cardiomyopathy 2��_ to selenium deficiency

A

Keshan disease

187
Q

Intercapillary glomerulosclerosis seen in DM nephropathy

A

Kimmelstein-Wilson lesions

188
Q

�_�Cloverleaf�_� skull secondary to premature closure of all sutures

A

Kleeblattsch_del

189
Q

Episodic somnolence (>18h/day), overeating, cognitive disturbances; possibly hypothalamic in origin

A

Kleine-Levin syndrome

190
Q

Atrophic testes, tall stature, gynecomastia

A

Klinefelter syndrome (XXY, XXXY)

191
Q

Congenital cervical vertebral fusion; short, immobile neck

A

Klippel-Feil syndrome

192
Q

Thoracic outlet syndrome (C8-T1)

A

Klumpke��_s palsy

193
Q

Amygdala lesion; hypersexuality, hyperorality, hyperphagia, hyperdocility

A

Kl��_ver-Bucy syndrome

194
Q

Psoriatic lesion eruption at sites of trauma

A

K_bner phenomenon

195
Q

Avascular necrosis of navicular bone

A

K_hler bone disease

196
Q

Memory impairment and confabulation

A

Korsakoff��_s syndrome

197
Q

Congenital neutropenia

A

Kostmann syndrome

198
Q

Urea cycle/ornithine cycle

A

Krebs-Henseleit cycle

199
Q

Gastric CA metastatic to ovaries

A

Krukenberg tumor

200
Q

Liver macrophages

A

Kupffer cells

201
Q

Acidotic breathing, deep, rapid breaths

A

Kussmaul��_s breathing

202
Q

Pulsus paradoxus

A

Kussmaul��_s pulse

203
Q

Distension of neck veins with inspiration (cardiac tamponade)

A

Kussmaul��_s sign

204
Q

Lentigenes, Atrial myxomas, Mucocutaneous myxomas, Blue nevi/Nevi, Atrial myx., Myxoid neurofibroma, Ephelides (freckles)

A

LAMB/NAME syndrome

205
Q

NMJ disease, Anti-presynaptic Ca2+ channel, proximal muscle weakness improving with use (contrast with MG); assoc with small cell lung CA

A

Lambert-Eaton Syndrome

206
Q

8q24.1; Multiple cone-shaped epiphyses, multiple cartilaginous exostoses, upturned nares, bulbous nasal tip, large ears

A

Langer-Giedion syndrome (Tricho-rhino-phalangeal type II)

207
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

�_�Lead pipe�_� appearance of colon

208
Q

Mitochondrial DNA disorder; subacute bilateral central vision loss; retinal microangiopathy

A

Leber��_s hereditary optic neuropathy

209
Q

Idiopathic avascular necrosis of femoral head

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

210
Q

Subacute necrotizing encephalopathy, mitochondrial disorder

A

Leigh disease

211
Q

Lentigenes, ECG abn., Ocular hypertelorism, Pulm. stenosis, Abnormal genitalia, Retardation of growth, Deafness

A

LEOPARD syndrome

212
Q

Radial growth phase of melanoma

A

Lentigo maligna

213
Q

HGPRT deficiency; hyperuricemia, gout, self-mutilation, choreoathetosis, aggression

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

214
Q

Seborrheic keratosis associated with visceral malignancy

A

Leser-Trelat sign

215
Q

Acute disseminated Langherhans cell histiocytosis; hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, infections, pulmonary involvement

A

Letterer-Siwe disease

216
Q

Parkinsonism with dementia; hallucinations; _-synuclein defect

A

Lewy body disease

217
Q

Electric shock-like pain radiating down the spine or legs with neck flexion (in MS)

A

Lhermitte��_s sign

218
Q

p53 mutation Familial cancer syndrome; increased incidence of soft tissue sarcomas and other malignancies

A

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

219
Q

Cardiac lesion in SLE

A

Libman-Sacks endocarditis

220
Q

Pigmented iris hamartomas in von Recklinghausen��_s

A

Lisch nodules

221
Q

Tarsometatarsal joint

A

Lisfranc��_s joint

222
Q

Pulmonary ascariasis and hepatitis

A

Loeffler��_s syndrome

223
Q

Endomyocardial fibrosis with eosinophilic infiltrate

A

L_ffler��_s syndrome

224
Q

Sacrcoidosis, erythema nodosum, hilar lymphadenopathy, anterior uveitis, polyarthritis

A

L_fgren syndrome

225
Q

Calcaneal fracture, usually involves subtalar joint

A

Lover��_s fracture

226
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (>30% involvement)

A

Lyell��_s syndrome

227
Q

HNPCC, high risk for malignancy

A

Lynch syndrome

228
Q

Transverse cervical ligament

A

Cardinal ligament of Mackenrodt

229
Q

Blue lesions, dyschondroplasia, osteochondromas

A

Mafucci��_s syndrome

230
Q

Periportal space

A

Mall��_s space

231
Q

Alcoholic hepatitis

A

Mallory bodies

232
Q

Mucosal and submucosal esophageal tears

A

Mallory-Weiss tears

233
Q

Juvenile multiple sclerosis

A

Marburg disease

234
Q

Ankylosing spondylosis

A

Marie-Strumpell disease

235
Q

Fibrillin deficiency; arachnodactyly, ectopia lentis, aordic dissection/dissecting aneurysm, MVP

A

Marfan syndrome

236
Q

Mullerian agenesis; absent cervix, uterus, vagina, but normal hormones

A

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome

237
Q

In onchocerciasis (from dying organisms): Fever, rash, ocular damage, joint pains, lymphangitis, hypotension, pyrexia, respiratory distress, prostration

A

Mazzotti reaction

238
Q

RHD; White plaques in posterior LA from turbulent flow

A

McCallum plaques

239
Q

Persistent vitelline duct; 2 in. long, 2ft from ileocecal valve, 2% of pop., 1st 2 yrs of life, 2 epithelial types

A

Meckel��_s diverticulum

240
Q

Bilateral ovarian fibroma; hydrothorax, ascites

A

Meig��_s syndrome

241
Q

Orofacial dystonia; dystonia and tardive dyskinesia

A

Meige��_s syndrome

242
Q

Recurrent facial paralysis, swelling of lips, development of tongue folds

A

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome

243
Q

Chemical pneumonitis caused by aspiration during anesthesia; assoc with obstetric anesthesia

A

Mendelson��_s syndrome

244
Q

Gastric hypertrophy with protein loss, parietal cell atrophy, and ��_mucous cells. Precancerous

A

Menetrier��_s disease

245
Q

Tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo

A

Meniere��_s disease

246
Q

�_�Kinky hair disease; X-linked-recessive Cu deficiency; hypotonia, sagging facial features, MR, brittle hair, metaphyseal widening

A

Menkes disease

247
Q

Rare, potentially lethal neuroendocrine tumor

A

Merkel cell CA

248
Q

Lacrimal and salivary gland enlargement 2��_ to leukemia, sarcoid

A

Mikulicz syndrome

249
Q

17p13.3-; microcephaly, lissencephaly, pachygyria, seizures, MR

A

Miller-Dieker syndrome

250
Q

Primary biliary cirrhosis

A

Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase autoantibodies

251
Q

Extrinsic obstruction of common hepatic duct by cystic duct stone

A

Mirizzi syndrome

252
Q

Calcifications of tunica media; esp. radial/ulnar; ��_pipestem��_ arteries

A

Monckeburg��_s arteriosclerosis

253
Q

Thrombophlebitis of superficial breast veins

A

Mondor��_s disease

254
Q

Ulnar fx with dislocation of radial head

A

Monteggia fracture

255
Q

Mucopolysaccharidosis (Type IV), urine keratin sulfate, dwarfism, short neck, protruding sternum, kyphosis, flat nose, prominent upper jaw, waddling gait, multiple fractures

A

Morquio syndrome

256
Q

Tender neuroma between 3rd and 4th toes; caused by high-heeled pointed shoes

A

Morton neuroma

257
Q

Basal cerebral rete mirabile; segmental stenosis of ICAs

A

Moyamoya

258
Q

Acute guttate parapsoriasis / Pityriasis lichenoides at varioliformis acuta; Papulonecrotic papules

A

Mucha-Habermann disease

259
Q

Urticaria, deafness, amyloidosis, episodic fever

A

Muckle-Wells syndrome

260
Q

Associated with psoriasis

A

Munro��_s abscesses

261
Q

Cutaneous t-cell lymphoma; resembles psoriasis

A

Mycoses fungoides

262
Q

Neural intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions; seen in rabies

A

Negri bodies

263
Q

ASIS to ischial tuberosity; passes over greater trochanter

A

Nelaton��_s line

264
Q

Post-adrenalectomy overgrowth of pituitary adenoma

A

Nelson��_s syndrome

265
Q

Turner-like syndrome affecting males, short stature, MR, webbed neck, PS, pectus excavatum

A

Noonan syndrome

266
Q

Cecal dilatation in bedridden/critically ill patients

A

Ogilvie syndrome

267
Q

Idiopathic hypoventilation syndrome

A

Ondine��_s curse

268
Q

Hoarseness; Enlarged LA impinges on recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

Ortner��_s syndrome

269
Q

Traction apophysitis of tibial tubercle; overuse injury

A

Osgood-Schlatter disease

270
Q

Painful nodules at pads of fingers and toes; in IE

A

Osler��_s nodes

271
Q

Polycythemia vera

A

Osler-Vaquez disease

272
Q

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (nosebleeds, skin discoloration)

A

Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome

273
Q

Ovarian enlargement, ascites, hypovolemia, shock (side effect of ovulation induction)

A

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

274
Q

Osteitis deformans, unknown etiology; bone pain, high-output failure, hearing loss, osteosarcoma

A

Paget disease of bone

275
Q

Small intestine; base of crypts of Lieberkuhn; prominent eosinophilic apical granules; defensive cells; long-lived

A

Paneth cells

276
Q

Neoplastic T-cells in epidermis; Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

A

Pautrier microabscesses

277
Q

Iron granules

A

Pappenheimer bodies

278
Q

Assoc with cat-scratch disease, tularemia, unilateral conjunctivitis with preauricular LAD

A

Parinaud conjunctivitis

279
Q

Pineal tumor; sunset eyes, loss of upward gaze

A

Parinaud syndrome

280
Q

Junctions of: cystic/common bile duct, 2nd/3rd part of duodenum, neck/body of pancreas; most common location of gastrinomas

A

Passaro��_s triangle

281
Q

Palatopharyngeal sphincter

A

Passavant��_s ridge

282
Q

Microphthalmia, microcephaly, brain abnormalities, CLAP, polydactyly, rocker-bottom feet, CHD

A

Patau syndrome (trisomy 13)

283
Q

Night terror; stage 3-4 sleep; seen in children

A

Pavor nocturnus

284
Q

Facial suffusion, syncope on arm-raising due to retrosternal goiter

A

Pemberton��_s sign

285
Q

Thyroid organification defect, hearing loss

A

Pendred syndrome

286
Q

Benign polyposis; perioral hyperpigmentation

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

287
Q

Bent penis; acquired fibrous tissue formation

A

Peyronie��_s disease

288
Q

Turribrachycephaly, syndactyly, broad thumbs and 1st toes; autosomal dominant

A

Pfeiffer syndrome

289
Q

Frontotemporal dementia; intracellular tau protein

A

Pick��_s disease

290
Q

Hypertension, cor pulmonale, polycythemia, OSA, obesity

A

Pickwickian syndrome

291
Q

Micrognathia, glossoptosis, cleft palate

A

Pierre-Robin sequence

292
Q

Hyperthyroidism, nodular goiter, absence of exophthalmos

A

Plummer disease

293
Q

Atrophic glossitis, esophageal webs, IDA

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

294
Q

Amastia, rib defects, chest wall hypoplasia, brachysyndactyly

A

Poland syndrome

295
Q

Portal vein (posterior), common bile duct (ant. R), hepatic artery (ant. L) in hepatoduodenal lig.

A

Portal triad

296
Q

Eversion injury; avulsion of medial malleolus, fibular fx

A

Pott��_s fracture

297
Q

Bilateral renal agenensis; oligohydramnios; limb and facial deformities; pulmonary hypoplasia

A

Potter��_s syndrome

298
Q

Inguinal ligament

A

Poupart��_s ligament

299
Q

Obesity, hypogonadism, hypotonia, mental retaradation, 15q11-13

A

Prader-Willi syndrome

300
Q

��_ 10mmHg in BP on inspiration (cardiac tamponade, OSA, asthma, pericarditis, croup)

A

Pulsus paradoxus (Kussmaul��_s pulse)

301
Q

Aortic stenosis; delayed upstroke of carotid pulse

A

Pulsus parvus et tardus

302
Q

Sudden loss of vision in Pt with acute pancreatitis; cotton-wool spots/hemorrhages at macula

A

Purtscher��_s retinopathy

303
Q

Angioedema

A

Quincke��_s edema

304
Q

Herpes Zoster; Facial palsy, ageusia in anterior 2/3 of tongue, vesicles in EAC

A

Ramsay-Hunt syndrome

305
Q

Ghon focus + perihilar lymph node

A

Ranke focus

306
Q

CD30+ and CD15+ giant B-cells, ��_owl��_s eye,��_ characteristic of Hodgkin��_s lymphoma

A

Reed-Sternberg cells

307
Q

Defect in phytanic acid oxidation; AR; Neuropathy, retinal pigmentation, ataxia, anosmia, deafness, skin lesions, �_� CSF proteins

A

Refsum disease

308
Q

Stapes, styloid, lesser horn of hyoid, stylohyoid lig.

A

Reichert��_s cartilage

309
Q

Found in Leydig cells in adults; function unknown

A

Reinke��_s crystals

310
Q

Inhibitory cells in ventral horn of spinal cord; inhibited by tetanus toxin

A

Renshaw cells

311
Q

Common in girls, midline handwringing, regression, sighing, ataxia, bruxism, seizures

A

Rett syndrome

312
Q

Retropubic space

A

Space of Retzius

313
Q

Charcot��_s triad plus hypotension and mental status changes

A

Reynold��_s pentad

314
Q

Tyrosine aminotransferase deficiency (Type II tyrosinemia)

A

Richner-Hanhart syndrome

315
Q

Thyroid replacement by fibrous tissue, unknown etiology

A

Riedel thyroiditis

316
Q

Familial dysautonomia

A

Riley-Day syndrome

317
Q

SMA and IMA collateral

A

Arc of Riolan

318
Q

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

A

Ritter��_s disease

319
Q

Long arms of two acrocentric chromosomes join with common centromere with loss of short arms

A

Robertsonian translocation

320
Q

Onchocerciasis/�_�river blindness�_�

A

Robles disease

321
Q

Gallbladder mucosa penetrating into muscularis layer; early indicator of pathologic change, seen in chronic cholecystitis

A

Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses

322
Q

PIlocytic astrocytoma; eosinophilic corkscrew fibers in astrocytes

A

Rosenthal fibers

323
Q

Nodes between pectoralis major and minor

A

Rotter��_s nodes

324
Q

16p13-; Microcephaly, ptosis, beaked nose, low philtrum, broad thumbs, large toes, MR

A

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome

325
Q

Intramural portion of ureter (ureterovesical valve)

A

Valve of Sampson

326
Q

Nasal polyp, ASA sensitivity, asthma

A

Samter��_s triad

327
Q

Lipid metabolism disorder, hexaminidase a and b deficiency

A

Sandhoff disease

328
Q

Progressive pigmented purpuric dermatitis

A

Schamberg disease

329
Q

Submucosal ring in lower esophagus; assoc. w/ drug intake; not assoc. with CA

A

Schatzi��_s ring

330
Q

Laminated concretions of Ca and proteins, seen in sarcoidosis

A

Schaumann bodies

331
Q

Dialysis access procedure; uses Teflon tube with 2 needles

A

Scribner shunt

332
Q

Hematogenous invasion of mycosis fungoides

A

Sezary-Lutzner syndrome

333
Q

Piebaldism, Hirschsprung��_s disease

A

Shah-Waardenburg syndrome

334
Q

Multiple systems atrophy; Parkinsonism; UMN/LMN, cerebellar, autonomic dysfunction

A

Shy-Drager syndrome

335
Q

Dry eye, dry mouth

A

Sicca syndrome

336
Q

Pituitary cachexia; generalized panhypopituitarism

A

Simmonds disease

337
Q

MEN IIa

A

Sipple Syndrome

338
Q

Dry eye, dry mouth, (sicca syndrome), plus autoimmune disease (commonly RA)

A

Sjogren syndrome

339
Q

Paraurethral glands (homologous to prostate); lateral and inferior to urethral meatus

A

Skene��_s glands

340
Q

Deep fibular nerve entrapment

A

Ski-boot syndrome

341
Q

17p11.2; Brachycephaly, midface hypoplasia, prognathism, myopia, short stature

A

Smith-Magenis

342
Q

Hyperglycemia following hypoglycemia (as in post-breakfast)

A

Somogyi effect

343
Q

LGA, MR, hydrocephalus, pointed chin

A

Sotos syndrome

344
Q

Hernia along the lateral border of rectus abdominis

A

Spigelian hernia

345
Q

Nevus with cytologic atypia; resembles hemangioma; always benign

A

Spitz nevus

346
Q

Hepatic dysfunction as paraneoplastic syndrome of Renal Cell CA

A

Stauffer syndrome

347
Q

Polycystic ovary syndrome

A

Stein-Leventhal syndrome

348
Q

Parotid duct

A

Stensen��_s duct

349
Q

Lymphangiosarcoma in post-mastectomy, post-RT patients

A

Stewart-Treves sydrome

350
Q

Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Still disease

351
Q

Syncope and convulsions 2��_ to complete heart block, HR<40

A

Stokes-Adams syndrome

352
Q

�_�Port wine�_� stain on face, leptomeningeal angiomatosis

A

Sturg-Weber disease

353
Q

Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis; Red plaques/nodules on head, neck, UE; neutrophilic infiltrate

A

Sweet��_s syndrome

354
Q

SCID; T and B cell deficiency; severe infections, failure to thrive, GvH disease

A

Swiss-type agammaglobulinemia

355
Q

Acatalasemia

A

Takahara��_s disease

356
Q

Familial _-lipoprotein deficiency, low HDL, orange/yellow tonsils

A

Tangier��_s disease

357
Q

Type VII glycogen storage disease, muscle PFK deficiency, least common; hemolytic anemia, muscle weakness

A

Tarui disease

358
Q

Gastrocnemius strain

A

�_�Tennis leg�_�

359
Q

Coronary sinus valve at RA

A

Thebesian valve

360
Q

Myotonia congenital; tonic muscle spasms

A

Thomsen��_s disease

361
Q

Aseptic costochondritis of rib cartilage

A

Tietze��_s syndrome

362
Q

RSBI (rapid shallow breathing index); freq/TV, if 105, 80% failure

A

Tobin index

363
Q

Sebaceous adenomas, multiple GI CA, laryngeal, GU, endomet CA

A

Torre syndrome

364
Q

Mandibulofacial dystosis (also known as Franceschetti syndrome)

A

Treacher Collins syndrome

365
Q

Migratory thrombophlebitis; pancreatic/visceral CA

A

Trousseau��_s phenomenon

366
Q

Muscle spasm from pressure applied to upper ex.; due to hypocalcemia

A

Trousseau��_s sign

367
Q

TSC-1 and -2 mutation; angiofibroma and renal angiomyolipoma

A

Tuberous sclerosis

368
Q

Adenomatous polyps + gliomas

A

Turcot syndrome

369
Q

Flank ecchymoses (acute pancreatitis)

A

[Grey]-Turner sign

370
Q

Female hypogonadism, short stature, webbed neck, shield-like chest

A

Turner syndrome (XO)

371
Q

Secretes smegma; preputial gland

A

Tyson��_s gland

372
Q

Retinitis pigmentosa, hearing loss

A

Usher syndrome

373
Q

VIPoma; WDHA syndrome, Watery Diarrhea, Hypokalemia, Achlorhydria

A

Verner-Morrison syndrome

374
Q

Supraclavicular nodes

A

Virchow��_s nodes

375
Q

Stasis, hypercoagulability, endothelial damage

A

Virchow��_s triad

376
Q

Vitiligo, aseptic meningitis, uveitis, tinnitus, dysacusis

A

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome

377
Q

Forearm muscle contracture 2��_ to supracondylar fracture of the humerus and subsequent brachial artery spasm

A

Volkmann��_s contracture

378
Q

Lingual glands

A

[serous glands of] Von Ebner

379
Q

Failure of upper eyelid to follow downward gaze; in Graves

A

Von Graefe��_s sign

380
Q

Hemangioblastomas of retina/cerebellum/medulla; assoc with Renal Cell CA; deleted VHL gene; chromosome 3p

A

Von Hippel-Lindau disease

381
Q

Neurofibromatosis

A

Von Recklinghausen��_s disease

382
Q

Osteitis fibrosa cystica, ��_brown tumor��_

A

Von Recklinghausen��_s disease of bone

383
Q

Psoriasis variant; Fever, generalized sterile pustules

A

Von Zumbusch pustular psoriasis

384
Q

Piebaldism, congenital SNHL, dystopia canthorum, heterochromic irises, broad nasal root

A

Waardenburg syndrome

385
Q

Wilms tumor, Aniridia, GU malformations, mental Retardation

A

WAGR Syndrome

386
Q

Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, related to multiple myeloma

A

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

387
Q

Papillary cystademona lymphomatosum, usually in parotid

A

Warthin tumors

388
Q

Multinucleate giant cells; seen in measles

A

Warthin-Finkeldy cells

389
Q

Septic shock 2��_ to meningococcemia (MRS); Adrenal hemorrhage in meningococcemia (1st Aid)

A

Waterhouse-Friedrichsen syndrome

390
Q

For urinary porphobilinogen; Acute intermittent porphyria

A

Watson-Schwartz test

391
Q

Friction-induced ischial bursitis

A

Weaver��_s bottom

392
Q

Necrotizing granulomas in lung and upper resp., focal necrotizing vasculitis, necrotizing GN; c-ANCA

A

Wegener��_s granulomatosis

393
Q

Store P-selectins

A

Weibel-Palade bodies

394
Q

Infantile spinal muscular atrophy; �_�floppy baby;�_� AR

A

Werdnig-Hoffman disease

395
Q

MEN-1

A

Wermer syndrome

396
Q

Encephalopathy due to thiamin deficiency; common in alcoholics

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

397
Q

Diminished pulmonary vascular markings, in PE

A

Westermark��_s sign

398
Q

Malabsorption syndrome; Tropheryma whippelii (G+), PAS-positive macrophages in lamina propria, mesenteric nodes; idiopathic steatorrhea

A

Whipple��_s disease

399
Q

Symptomatic fasting hypoglycemia, FBS <50mg/dL, relief of symptoms with glucose admin; seen in insulinoma

A

Whipple��_s triad

400
Q

Lichen planus, white plaques

A

Wickham striae

401
Q

Friendly, talkative; elfin facies; MR, AS, hypercalcemia

A

Williams syndrome

402
Q

Omental foramen (communication bet. greater and lesser sac)

A

Foramen of Winslow

403
Q

Enlargement of posterior auricular nodes seen in T. gambiense infection

A

Winterbottom��_s sign

404
Q

X-linked IgM defect; recurrent infections, thrombocytopenic purpura; eczema; �_� IgA

A

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

405
Q

4p-; �_�Greek helmet�_� facies, ptosis, strabismus, nystagmus, hypospadias, MR

A

Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome

406
Q

Inhibition of thyroid hormone organification by excess I-

A

Wolff-Chaikoff effect

407
Q

Type 1 DM, DI, optic atrophy, SNHL, bladder dysfunction

A

Wolfram sydrome

408
Q

Seen in mature arterial thrombi

A

Lines of Zahn

409
Q

Neuroectodermal round/oval chief cells; in carotid body tumors

A

Zellballen nests

410
Q

Cerebrohepatorenal syndrome; absent peroxisomes in all tissues

A

Zellweger��_s syndrome

411
Q

False diverticulum above cricopharyngeus; mucosal herniation; halitosis, dysphagia, obstruction

A

Zenker��_s diverticulum

412
Q

Paraaortic ganglia/bodies (can be a site of pheochromocytoma)

A

Zuckerkandl��_s bodies

PBR Fast Review by Cliff (22 decks)

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