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PATHOANA > Proliferative inflamamiton and healing > Flashcards

Proliferative inflamamiton and healing Flashcards

1
Q

what is proliferaiton and how can it happen

A

-increased number of cells in inflammatory region

2 ways: cell divisiona nd by vessles

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2
Q

proliferaiton of vv ariesee in tissues how

A
  1. endothelial proliferaiton of vv
  2. development form mesenchymal stem cells
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3
Q

proloferaiton of soft tissue cells1

A
  • fibroblasts(ECM–>fibrocytes(inactive)
    -developmet fomr mesenchymal stem cells
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4
Q

prolierfartion of previous tissue by cells(by healing roocess

A
  • from stem cells
    -less common from remnant of cells in tissye: liver
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5
Q

proliferation of acute inflamamiton(steps of inflammaiton)

A
  1. accummulation of inflammaotry cells form inflammatory exsudate
    2.proliferation of immune system cells
  2. proliferation of vvessles and fibroblasts
    - when removed–>non specific granulation tissue
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6
Q

formaiton of non-sppecific granulation tissue

A
  1. profliferation of capp and macrophages
  2. prolif of fibroblasts
    - ENDOTHELIAL CELLS-MACROPHAGES AND FIBROBLASTS
  3. decrease of macrophages +syntheiss of extracellular components
  4. decrease of capp netwrok and stabilizaiton of vv(prolif of pericytes, formaiton of vv wall) and formaiton of final vascular network
  5. decrease iof fibroblast–>fibrocytes and acc of extracellular matrix (fibers)
  6. scarificaiton and retraction of scar (myofibroblasts)
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7
Q

healing ad integrum

A

healing without dmaage of prevoius structure aka regernaation

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8
Q

helaing as defactam

A

healing with damaged tissue structrue aka repair

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9
Q

chronic inflamamiton-time critera depending of type of tissue and infectinous agents

A
  1. mucosa or skin-more than 7-10d
  2. parenchynmatous organs-weeks
    heaptitis by heptotropic viruses-more than 6 moths and more
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10
Q

most distinct feature of chronic and acute

A

chronic-proliferation of cells:
- mononucelar pahgocytes: macrophages, monocytes and epitheloid cells
-multinucleated cells: cells of non-specific immune system
-cells of specific immuen system:lymphocytes and plasma cells
-eosinophils: in some type of chronic-autoimune, allergy and parasites
-fibrobalsts
- vessle proliferaiton

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11
Q

high virulace agents ec

A

mycobacteria(TB)

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12
Q

low virulence

A

HPV

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13
Q

primary proliferative inflammaiton ex

A

UNKOWN ETIOLOGY
1. palmar, plantar fibromatosis
2. sterile serositits/polyserosititis(curschmanns disease, concatos disease)
3. idiopathic retroperineal (ormond disease)

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14
Q
  1. palmar, plantar fibromatosis
A

general
-60-70 y: earldy-middle aged men
-risk fctros: epilepsi, DM, smoking, alcholcl, manual work
-bilateral

pathology
- prolif of fibroblast+fibrotic tissue in palmar/plantar tunnel–>ahesion of tendons and sheats–>demobilization and continual contracture of finger aka DUPUTRENS CONTRACTURE
- semi flexion-like claw

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15
Q
  1. sterile serositits/polyserosititis(curschmanns disease, concatos disease)
A
  • abdominal organs
    -when capsule gets very thick bc acc of fibrotic material-lievr and spleen–>abnormally thick and white

-sterile inflammaiton of serous membranes
- adhesions of intestine(when solitayr)–>ileus
- sticture of large vv –>portal hypertnesion
-constrictive pericarditis->diastolic heart failure

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16
Q
  1. idiopathic retroperineal (ormond disease)
A

-fibrois sof retroperitineum(only soft fat tissue)

pathology:
- fibroproductive inflammaiton–>stenotizarion of ureter(acc of urine in kidney)–>HYDRONEPHROSIS/PYELONEPHRITIS/rENAL FIALURE

17
Q

secondary proliferative inflammation ex:

A

KNOWN ETIOLOGY:
- healing of acute inflammaiton
- every chronic inlammaiton when know wtiology
- granulomatous (specific inflamamiton)

18
Q

healing

A

replacemnet of dead cells or necrotic tissue by proliferatin of parenchymal and mesenchymal cells of tissue

regualtion: hormonal, contact inhibition

19
Q

per primam intentionem, primary union

A

healing by first intention aka healing without complications

20
Q

per secundam intentionem, secondary union

A

healing by second intentions aka healing with complicaitons

21
Q

per titiam intentionem, tertiary union

A

healing by third intention aka assisatnce of doctor by complicated gealing

22
Q

factors influecnign healing-TYPE OF TISSUE

A

1.Tissue of labile cells
- more than 1,5 % of cells are in mitosis(skin, mucosa of resp, GI, urinary, genital tract, BM, lymphoid tissue)
- prolifeare

  1. tissue of stable cells
    - less than 1,5% (parenchymatous orgns, glanfs, endothelial cells, smooth muscle of vv, skin adnexa)
    - prolif is low but possible
  2. tissye of permamnent cells
    - no cell proflif(NEURONS , SKELETAL MUSCKE
    -striated, cardiac m and most smooth(uterus)
23
Q

healing of wounds

A

-always repair
-final epithelium or surface of skin will be restored back, the granulation tissue beneath the dermis IS ALWAYS PRESENT

  • if extensive granualtion tissue->scarificaiton–>contraction
24
Q

healin of foreign bodye

A

-usually indigestible material or very problamtic to digest
- enzymes and macrophges not able to resolve it and leads to following:

  1. acc of monocytes/histiocytes–>impossuble to digest
  2. transformaiton of macrophages into epitheloid cells-syntehsis of growth factors
    - sti phages to be larger, stornger and aggressive–>duse together–>multinucleated giant cells
  3. fusion of macro–>giant cells–>enguld the foreign body
    - giant cells wiht multiple nuclei
    4A. destruction of foregin body–>dissaperance of giant cells–>scar
    4B: resistant foreing body–>persistance of giant cells–>formaiton of scar wound
25
Q

healing of necrosis

A
  • losign supportive framwork
  • no regenration
  1. acc of monocytes/histiocytes
  2. resoption of necrotic material–>fomraiton of lipophages, siderophages, giant cells
    - fibrotic capsuel
  3. replacement of necrotic tissue by granulaiton tissye
    - scar ffibrotic tissye
  4. tranformaiton of granulaiton into scar
26
Q

healing of permamnent tissues -peripheral nerve

A
  • repair
  • serious/extensive injury: whole neuron destroyed
  • less serious: neurons tries to regenerate
    • peripheral process is destroyed
    • remaning pricess will persist up to ranvier node
      - peripherla process trye to extend and find a new way to proliferae
      - when schwann cell will be preseverd–>processes will find these and travek through then and spread to peripheral part and teh innevation partly restoted
27
Q

pahntoma symoms

A

pain or itching in jured region, becuase fibers are still sensitvive, however they dont innervate normal structure

28
Q

healing of permanent tissue-skeletal muscle

A
  1. prolifaeration of organelles of survinvin syncital cells
  2. spreafing of syncytial cells into saved endomysial tunnels
  3. partial restoration of muscle function

PATHOANA (12 decks)

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