Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes comparison (exclusive) Flashcards
Which is typically 0.2 - 2.0 µm in diameter?
Prokaryotes
(size of cell)
Which is typically 10 - 100 µm in diameter?
Eukaryotes
(size of the cell)
Which only have nucleoid (DNA) and not a nucleolus?
Prokaryotes
(Nucleus)
Which have a true nucleus (nuclear membrane and nucleoli)?
Eukaryotes
(Nucleus)
Which don’t have membrane enclosed organelles? (folds in cell surface membrane)
Prokaryote
(Membrane-enclosed organelles)
Which do have membrane enclosed organelles? (e.g. golgi body, mitochondria)
Eukaryotes
(Membrane-enclosed organelles)
Which has a flagella made up of 2 protein building blocks?
Prokaryotes
(Flagella)
Which has a complex flagella? (multiple microtubules)
Eukaryotes
(Flagella)
Which have glycocalyx as capsule/slime layer?
Prokaryotes
(Glycocalyx)
Which only have glycocalyx if they lack a cell wall?
Eukaryotes
(Glycocalyx)
Which have cell wall chemically complex; peptidoglycan?
Prokaryotes
(Cell wall)
Which have a cell wall chemically simple; cellulose?
Eukaryotes
(Cell wall)
Which lacks sterols and has 0 carbohydrates in their plasma membrane?
Prokaryotes
(Plasma membrane)
Which uses carbohydrates and sterols as receptors e.g. glycoprotein & glycolipids in their plasma membrane?
Eukaryotes
(Plasma membrane)
Which doesn’t have a cytoskeleton/cytoplasmic streaming?
Prokaryotes
(Cytoplasm)
Which do have a cytoskeleton; cytoplasmic streaming e.g. phagocytosis?
Eukaryotes
(Cytoplasm)
Which have 70s ribosomes in general?
Prokaryotes
(Ribosomes)
Which have 80s ribosomes in general but 70s in organelles?
Eukaryotes
(Ribosomes)
Which (within their chromosome arrangement) have singular circular chromosome and lack histones?
Prokaryotes
(Chromosome (DNA) arrangement)
Which (within their chromosome arrangement) have multiple linear chromosomes with histones; providing structural support for chromosomes
Eukaryotes
(Chromosome (DNA) arrangement)
Which uses binary fission and cytokinesis?
Prokaryotes
(Cell division)
Which uses mitosis?
Eukaryotes
(Cell division)
Which only transfer DNA fragments only and does conjugation (spreading genetic material through direct contact)?
Prokaryotes
(Sexual reproduction)
Which uses meiosis?
Eukaryotes
(Sexual reproduction)
Prokaryotes
(size of cell)
Which is typically 0.2 - 2.0 µm in diameter?
Eukaryotes
(size of the cell)
Which is typically 10 - 100 µm in diameter?
Prokaryotes
(Nucleus)
Which only have nucleoid (DNA) and not a nucleolus?
Eukaryotes
(Nucleus)
Which have a true nucleus (nuclear membrane and nucleoli)?
Prokaryote
(Membrane-enclosed organelles)
Which don’t have membrane enclosed organelles? (folds in cell surface membrane)
Eukaryotes
(Membrane-enclosed organelles)
Which do have membrane enclosed organelles? (e.g. golgi body, mitochondria)
Prokaryotes
(Flagella)
Which has a flagella made up of 2 protein building blocks?
Eukaryotes
(Flagella)
Which has a complex flagella? (multiple microtubules)
Prokaryotes
(Glycocalyx)
Which have glycocalyx as capsule/slime layer?
Eukaryotes
(Glycocalyx)
Which only have glycocalyx if they lack a cell wall?
Prokaryotes
(Cell wall)
Which have cell wall chemically complex; peptidoglycan?
Eukaryotes
(Cell wall)
Which have a cell wall chemically simple; cellulose?
Prokaryotes
(Plasma membrane)
Which lacks sterols and has 0 carbohydrates in their plasma membrane?
Eukaryotes
(Plasma membrane)
Which uses carbohydrates and sterols as receptors e.g. glycoprotein & glycolipids in their plasma membrane?
Prokaryotes
(Cytoplasm)
Which doesn’t have a cytoskeleton/cytoplasmic streaming?
Eukaryotes
(Cytoplasm)
Which do have a cytoskeleton; cytoplasmic streaming e.g. phagocytosis?
Prokaryotes
(Ribosomes)
Which have 70s ribosomes in general?
Eukaryotes
(Ribosomes)
Which have 80s ribosomes in general but 70s in organelles?
Prokaryotes
(Chromosome (DNA) arrangement)
Which (within their chromosome arrangement) have singular circular chromosome and lack histones?
Eukaryotes
(Chromosome (DNA) arrangement)
Which (within their chromosome arrangement) have multiple linear chromosomes with histones; providing structural support for chromosomes
Prokaryotes
(Cell division)
Which uses binary fission and cytokinesis?
Eukaryotes
(Cell division)
Which uses mitosis?
Prokaryotes
(Sexual reproduction)
Which only transfer DNA fragments only and does conjugation (spreading genetic material through direct contact)?
Eukaryotes
(Sexual reproduction)
Which uses meiosis?