Project Quality Management

Question 1

What is project quality management?

Answer 1

Project quality management includes the processes for incorporating the organization’s quality policy regarding planning, managing and controlling project and product quality requirements in order to meet stakeholder objectives.

Supports continuous process improvement activities as undertaken on behalf of the performing organization.

Question 2

What are the processes in project quality management?

Answer 2

Processes in project quality management are:

1. Plan quality management
2. Manage quality
3. Control quality

Question 3

What are the inputs to plan quality management?

Answer 3

Inputs to the plan quality management are:

1. Project charter
2. Project management plan
   
   2. 1 Requirements management plan
   3. 2 Risk management plan
   4. 3 Stakeholder engagement plan
   5. 4 Scope baseline (acceptable criteria for the deliverables)
3. Project documents
   
   3. 1 Assumptions log
   4. 2 Requirements documentation (captures the requirements that the product and project should attain to meet stakeholder expectations)
   5. 3 Requirements traceability matrix
   6. 4 Risk Register
   7. 5 Stakeholder register
4. Enterprise environmental factors
5. Operational process assets

Question 4

What are the tools and techniques used in plan quality management?

Answer 4

Tools and techniques used in plan quality management are:
1. Expert judgement
2. Data gathering
2.1 Benchmarking
2.2 Brainstorming
2.3 Interviews
3 Data analysis:
3.1 Cost-benefit analysis (helps the PM to determine if planned quality activities are cost effective.)
3.2 Cost of quality (COQ)
4. Decision making (i.e. multicriteria decision analysis - where each criteria are prioritized and weighted before being applied to available alternatives to obtain a mathematical score for each alternative)
5. Data representation:
5.1 Flowcharts or process maps (eg. SIPOC)
5.2 Logical data model (business representation of organnization’s data regardless of technology)
5.3 Matrix diagrams (helps identify the strength of relationships among different factors, causes and objectives that exists in the rows and columns that form the matrix: L,T,Y,X,C and roof-shaped)
5.4 Mind mapping
6. Test and Inspection planning
7. Meetings

Question 5

What output(s) are produced in plan quality management process?

Answer 5

Outputs of plan quality process are:

1. Quality management plan:
   - describes how applicable policies, procedures and guidelines will be inplmemended
   - describes the activities and resources necessary to achieve quality objectives of the project
   - quality standards, qualilty objectives, quality roles and responsibilities, quality control and management activities, quality tools and quality procedures
2. Quality metrics (specifically describes a project or product attribute and how the Control Quality process with verify compliance to it).
3. Project management plan updates:
   
   3. 1 Risk Management plan
   4. 2 Scope baseline
4. Project documents updates:
   
   4. 1 Lessons learned register
   5. 2 Requirements traceability matrix
   6. 3 Risk register
   7. 4 Stakeholder register

Question 6

What is manage quality process?

Answer 6

Manage quality is the process of translating the quality management plan into executable quality activities that incorporate the organization’s quality policies into the project.

Key benefits are:

• increases the probability of meeting quality objectives
• identifying ineffective processes and causes of poor quality

Question 7

What are the inputs to Manage Quality?

Answer 7

inputs to Manage Quality are:

1. Project management plan
   
   1. 1 Quality management plan
2. Project documents
   
   2. 1 Lessons learned register
   3. 2 Quality control measurements
   4. 3 Quality metrics (used as basis for the development of test scenarios for the projet and it’s deliverables and as a basis for improvement initiatives.
   5. 4 Risk report
3. Organizational process assets

Question 8

What are tools and techniques used in Manage Quality?

Answer 8

Tools and techniques used in Manage Quality are:

1. Data Gathering (checklist)
2. Data analysis:
   
   2. 1 Alternatives analysis
   3. 2 Document analysis
   4. 3 Process analysis
   5. 4 Root cause analysis (RCA) - (basic underlying reason that causes a variance, defect or risk
3. Decision making (multicriteria decision analysis)
   
   • project decisions include choosing among different implementation scenarios or suppliers
   • product decisions can include evaluating the life cycle cost, schedule, stakeholder satisfaction and risks associated with resolving product defects
4. Data representation
   
   4. 1 Affinity diagrams
   5. 2 Cause-and-effect diagrams
   6. 3 Flowcharts
   7. 4 Histograms
   8. 5 Matrix diagrams
   9. 6 Scatter diagrams
5. Audits (is a structured, independent process used to determine if the project activities comply with organizational and project policies, processes and procedures.
6. Design for X (DfX) - set ot technical guidelines that may be applied during the design of a product for the optimization of a specific aspect of the design.
7. Problem solving - finding solutions to issues or challenges
8. Quality improvement methods (eg. plan-do-check-act and six sigma)

Question 9

What elements are included in problem solving technique?

Answer 9

Elements included in problem solving techniques are:

1. Defining the problem
2. Identifying the root-cause
3. Generating possible solutions
4. Choosing the best solution
5. Implementing the solution
6. Verifying solution effectiveness

Question 10

What are the outputs of Manage Quality?

Answer 10

Outputs of Manage Quality are:
1. Quality reports (may include quality management issues raised by the team, improvement recommendations for process, project and product, recommendation for corrective actions (including rework, defect/bugs repair, 100% inspection etc) and summary findings from Control Quality process.

2. Test and evaluation documents (inputs to the Control Quality process and are used to evaluate the achievement of quality objectives ; may include dedicated checklist and requirements traceability matrices)
3. Change requests
4. Project management plan updates:
   
   4. 1 Quality management plan
   5. 2 Scope baseline
   6. 3 Schedule baseline
   7. 4 Cost baseline
5. Project documents updates:
   
   5. 1 Issue log
   6. 2 Lessons learned
   7. 3 Risk register

Question 11

What is Control Quality?

Answer 11

Control quality is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the quality management activities in order to assess performance and ensure the project outputs are complete, correct and meet customer expectations.

Key benefit of this process is verifying that project deliverables and work meet the requirements specified by key stakeholders for final acceptance.
- determines if the project outputs do what they were intended to do

Question 12

What are the inputs to Control Quality?

Answer 12

Inputs to Control Quality are:

1. Project management plan:
   
   1. 1 Quality management plan
2. Project documents
   
   2. 1 Lessons learned register
   3. 2 Quality metrics
   4. 3 Test and evaluation documents
3. Approved change requests
4. Deliverables
5. Work performance data
6. Enterprise environmental factors
7. Operational process assets

Question 13

What are the tools and techniques in Control Quality?

Answer 13

Tools and techniques in Control Quality are:

1. Data gathering
   
   1. 1 Checklists
   2. 2 Check sheets or tally sheets (used to organize facts in a manner that will facilitate the effective collectio of useful data about a potential quality problem.
   3. 3 Statistical sampling
   4. 4 Questionairres and surveys
2. Data analysis
   
   2. 1 Performance reviews - measure, compare and analyze quality metrics against the actual results
   3. 2 Root cause analysis (RCA)
3. Inspection (examination of a work product to determine if it conforms to documented standards)
   
   • used to verify defect repairs
4. Testing/Product evaluations (organized and constructed investigation conducted to provide objective information about the quality of the product or service under test in accordance with theproject requirements.
   
   • intent is to find nonconformance
5. Data representation
   
   5. 1 Cause-and-effect diagrams
   6. 2 Control charts (used to determine if a process is stable or predictable performance, upper or lower specification limits or values allowed)
   7. 3 Histograms
   8. 4 Scatter diagrams
6. Meetings
   
   6. 1 Approved changed requests review
   7. 2 Retrospectives/lessons learned

Question 14

What are the outputs of Control Quality?

Answer 14

Output of Control Quality are:

1. Quality control measurements (documented results of Control Quality activities)
2. Verified deliverables
3. Work performance information
4. Change requests
5. Quality Management plan
6. Project documents updates
   
   6. 1 Issue log
   7. 2 Lessons learned register
   8. 3 Risk register
   9. 4 Test and evaluation documents

Question 15

What is plan quality management?

Answer 15

Plan Quality Managemet is the process of identifying quality requirements and/or standards for the project and its deliverables, and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with quality requirements and/or standards.

Key benefit is that it provides guidance and direction on how quality with be managed and verified throughout the projects.