Project Management Framework

Question 1

Program Management

Answer 1

Group of related projects with possible interdependencies

Question 2

Portfolio Management

Answer 2

Group of programs, projects and other operational work that are prioritized to achieve a specific strategic business goal.

Helps reduce risk, optimize resources and enhances benefits

Programs and projects may not be related other than achieving a common goal.

Question 3

OPM

Answer 3

Organizational project management.

Provides direction on how portfolios programs and projects should be prioritized managed executed and measured to achieve the strategic goal

Question 4

OPM3

Answer 4

PMIs organizational project management maturity model.

Designed to help organizations determine their level of maturity in project management

Question 5

Project

Answer 5

Temporary endeavor with a beginning and an end and create a unique product, service or result.

Question 6

Project Management Office

Answer 6

Centralizes and standardizes the management of projects.

There are 3 forms of a PMO
Supportive
Controlling
Directive

Question 7

Supportive PMO

Answer 7

Provides policies, methodologies, templates and lessons learned for project management

Low level of control

Question 8

Controlling PMO

Answer 8

Provides support and guidance within the organization on how to manage projects, trains others in project management and PM software, assists with specific tools and ensures compliance

Moderate level of control

Question 9

Directive PMO

Answer 9

Provides project managers for different projects and is responsible for the results of those projects; all projects no matter the size of type are managed by the PMO

High level of control

Question 10

Types of Organizational Structure

Answer 10

Functional
Matrix
Projectized

Question 11

Functional Org Structure

Answer 11

**Exam hint - Silo

Grouped by areas of specialization (accounting, marketing manufacturing)

Projects generally occur within a single department.

Communication stays within the project unless a request is needed from another department

Question 12

Projectized Org

Answer 12

**Exam Hint - think no home

Entire company is organized by projects, and the project manager has control over the project.

Personnel are assigned and report to a project manager once the project is over they do not have a department to go back to

Communication occurs within the project

Question 13

Matrix Org

Answer 13

**Exam hint - two bosses

Team members report to two bosses the project manager and functional manager

Weak matrix - power rests with the functional manager
Strong matrix - power rests with the pm

Communication goes from team members to both bosses

Question 14

Project Based Organizations (PBOs)

Answer 14

Refers to various organizational forms that Create temporary systems and frameworks for carrying out their work.

They diminish the hierarchy and bureaucracy inside an organization as the success of the work is measured by the final result rather than position or politics

Conduct their work as projects rather than functional approaches

Question 15

Enterprise Environmental Factors

Answer 15

Company culture and existing systems that the project will have to deal with or can make use of.

Company baggage and is outside of the control of the project tesm

Question 16

Project Management Information Systems

Answer 16

Includes automated tools, scheduling software, configuration management system, procurement management software

Question 17

Organizational Hierarchy

Answer 17

Orgs. Are divided into 3 hierarchical levels, operational, middle management and strategic.

This influences factors like the PM authority level and the resources and team members available.

Question 18

Project Expeditor

Answer 18

Staff assistant and communications coordinator, can’t enforce or make decisions

Question 19

Project Coordinator

Answer 19

Staff assistant and communications coordinator

Has some power to make decisions and reports to a higher level manager

Question 20

Organizational Process Assets

Answer 20

Inputs to the majority of processes in all project management process groups; they provide direction and guidance in planning.

Examples
Policies procedures and processes
Corporate knowledge base
Historical information

Question 21

Processes, Policies and Procedures

Answer 21

Best practices for items like:

Quality
Change management
Human resource management 
Safety
Procurement

Question 22

Corporate Knowledge base

Answer 22

Historical information like historical information and lessons learned and is in a knowledge base available to all and can contribute to continuous improvement

Example: IT Project Center (Polycom)

Question 23

Historical Information

Answer 23

Data of past projects and is used to plan and manage future projects.

Examples:
Activities
Lessons learned
WBS
Project management plans 
Correspondence 
Risks and response plans

Question 24

Lessons Learned

Answer 24

Includes what was done right and what was done wrong in a project, must be done and added to company database and is a required project management practice.

Includes:
Technical aspects
Project management - WBS creation, risk planning
Management - communication / leadership as a PM

Question 25

Work performance data

Answer 25

Initial measurements and details about activities gathered during the execution phase.

Example: a certain activity took 10 hours and was completed on this day.

Question 26

Work performance information

Answer 26

Work performance data in analyzed to make sure they conform with the project management plan and asses what they mean to the project during the controlling phase.

Example: original activity was estimated to take 12 hours and to be completed on this day but it only took 10 and was completed a day early. What does this mean for the rest of the project? Does this mean improved performance for the rest of the project?

Question 27

Work performance reports

Answer 27

Result of work performance data information analysis and then distributed to stakeholders via a status report (output of controlling process)

Question 28

Project life cycle

Answer 28

What you need to do the work.

Two types:
Change driven - (agile, iterative, incremental) early planning of high level scope to allow for preliminary cost and estimates.

Plan driven - (waterfall) require scope schedule and cost to be determined early in the project.
Ex: construction site

Question 29

Iterative project life cycle

Answer 29

Complete concept is built in successive levels of details to create the end result.

Example: website; creating a prototype of the entire website and each iteration adds more detail until there is a full site upon delivery

Question 30

Incremental project life cycle

Answer 30

Delivers a complete usable portion of the product for each iteration.

Example: website prioritize requirements into iterations that deliver a fully functioning portion of the website at the end of each iteration.

Question 31

Adaptive project life cycle (agile)

Answer 31

Fixed time and cost and scope is broadly defined with the understanding that it will be refined as the project progresses. Work is planned in quick brief increments to allow the customer to change and re prioritize projects.

Example: software development project

Question 32

Project management process

Answer 32

What you need to do to mange the work.

Small project may require you to go through the project management process once.

Large projects require each of the life cycle phases to be managed through the project management process

Question 33

Knowledge areas

Answer 33

Integration management 
Scope management 
Time management 
Cost management 
Quality management 
Human resources management 
Communications management 
Risk management 
Procurement management

Question 34

Organizational influences on project management

Answer 34

Organizational cutler and styles

• risk tolerance
• operating environments
• code of conduct
• policies and procedures
• shared visions
• motivation and reward systems
• view of leadership