Project Management Framework Flashcards
Program Management
Group of related projects with possible interdependencies
Portfolio Management
Group of programs, projects and other operational work that are prioritized to achieve a specific strategic business goal.
Helps reduce risk, optimize resources and enhances benefits
Programs and projects may not be related other than achieving a common goal.
OPM
Organizational project management.
Provides direction on how portfolios programs and projects should be prioritized managed executed and measured to achieve the strategic goal
OPM3
PMIs organizational project management maturity model.
Designed to help organizations determine their level of maturity in project management
Project
Temporary endeavor with a beginning and an end and create a unique product, service or result.
Project Management Office
Centralizes and standardizes the management of projects.
There are 3 forms of a PMO
Supportive
Controlling
Directive
Supportive PMO
Provides policies, methodologies, templates and lessons learned for project management
Low level of control
Controlling PMO
Provides support and guidance within the organization on how to manage projects, trains others in project management and PM software, assists with specific tools and ensures compliance
Moderate level of control
Directive PMO
Provides project managers for different projects and is responsible for the results of those projects; all projects no matter the size of type are managed by the PMO
High level of control
Types of Organizational Structure
Functional
Matrix
Projectized
Functional Org Structure
**Exam hint - Silo
Grouped by areas of specialization (accounting, marketing manufacturing)
Projects generally occur within a single department.
Communication stays within the project unless a request is needed from another department
Projectized Org
**Exam Hint - think no home
Entire company is organized by projects, and the project manager has control over the project.
Personnel are assigned and report to a project manager once the project is over they do not have a department to go back to
Communication occurs within the project
Matrix Org
**Exam hint - two bosses
Team members report to two bosses the project manager and functional manager
Weak matrix - power rests with the functional manager
Strong matrix - power rests with the pm
Communication goes from team members to both bosses
Project Based Organizations (PBOs)
Refers to various organizational forms that Create temporary systems and frameworks for carrying out their work.
They diminish the hierarchy and bureaucracy inside an organization as the success of the work is measured by the final result rather than position or politics
Conduct their work as projects rather than functional approaches
Enterprise Environmental Factors
Company culture and existing systems that the project will have to deal with or can make use of.
Company baggage and is outside of the control of the project tesm
Project Management Information Systems
Includes automated tools, scheduling software, configuration management system, procurement management software
Organizational Hierarchy
Orgs. Are divided into 3 hierarchical levels, operational, middle management and strategic.
This influences factors like the PM authority level and the resources and team members available.
Project Expeditor
Staff assistant and communications coordinator, can’t enforce or make decisions
Project Coordinator
Staff assistant and communications coordinator
Has some power to make decisions and reports to a higher level manager
Organizational Process Assets
Inputs to the majority of processes in all project management process groups; they provide direction and guidance in planning.
Examples
Policies procedures and processes
Corporate knowledge base
Historical information
Processes, Policies and Procedures
Best practices for items like:
Quality Change management Human resource management Safety Procurement
Corporate Knowledge base
Historical information like historical information and lessons learned and is in a knowledge base available to all and can contribute to continuous improvement
Example: IT Project Center (Polycom)
Historical Information
Data of past projects and is used to plan and manage future projects.
Examples: Activities Lessons learned WBS Project management plans Correspondence Risks and response plans
Lessons Learned
Includes what was done right and what was done wrong in a project, must be done and added to company database and is a required project management practice.
Includes:
Technical aspects
Project management - WBS creation, risk planning
Management - communication / leadership as a PM
Work performance data
Initial measurements and details about activities gathered during the execution phase.
Example: a certain activity took 10 hours and was completed on this day.
Work performance information
Work performance data in analyzed to make sure they conform with the project management plan and asses what they mean to the project during the controlling phase.
Example: original activity was estimated to take 12 hours and to be completed on this day but it only took 10 and was completed a day early. What does this mean for the rest of the project? Does this mean improved performance for the rest of the project?
Work performance reports
Result of work performance data information analysis and then distributed to stakeholders via a status report (output of controlling process)
Project life cycle
What you need to do the work.
Two types:
Change driven - (agile, iterative, incremental) early planning of high level scope to allow for preliminary cost and estimates.
Plan driven - (waterfall) require scope schedule and cost to be determined early in the project.
Ex: construction site
Iterative project life cycle
Complete concept is built in successive levels of details to create the end result.
Example: website; creating a prototype of the entire website and each iteration adds more detail until there is a full site upon delivery
Incremental project life cycle
Delivers a complete usable portion of the product for each iteration.
Example: website prioritize requirements into iterations that deliver a fully functioning portion of the website at the end of each iteration.
Adaptive project life cycle (agile)
Fixed time and cost and scope is broadly defined with the understanding that it will be refined as the project progresses. Work is planned in quick brief increments to allow the customer to change and re prioritize projects.
Example: software development project
Project management process
What you need to do to mange the work.
Small project may require you to go through the project management process once.
Large projects require each of the life cycle phases to be managed through the project management process
Knowledge areas
Integration management Scope management Time management Cost management Quality management Human resources management Communications management Risk management Procurement management
Organizational influences on project management
Organizational cutler and styles
- risk tolerance
- operating environments
- code of conduct
- policies and procedures
- shared visions
- motivation and reward systems
- view of leadership
