projaryoyes

Question 1

Difference bacteria archaea

Answer 1

Bacteria have peptoglocn in their cell will
Growth inhibited by antibiotics

Both have no uporganelles ans no nuclear envelop, 1 chromosomes sometime 2 circular and reproduce by binary fission

Both are small, 1-10um, not much bigger than an organelle

Question 2

Why are prokaryotes everywhere

Answer 2

Highly adapted, diverse

Question 3

Shapes

Answer 3

(Single, diplo, strepto, staphylo) Coccus, (single, step to)bacillus, (single) spiral

Question 4

Plasmids

Answer 4

Smaller chromosome, fragment of dna, code for proteins that make genes to resist antibiotics, can replicate independent of chromosome and can be transferred (horizontal gene transfer) increase ability to survive antiopbiotics

Question 5

Capsule

Answer 5

Sticky layer outside of cell wall, to stick to surfaces ex teeth of to other prokaryotes or to protect cell from immune system of host

Question 6

Endospores

Answer 6

Bacteria cell going in dormancy for very long that will come out when environment better

Question 7

Genetic diversity in prokaryotes

Answer 7

Will reproduce fats, so will evolve fast, mutation rate during binary fission is low, but can accumulate rapidly because of the speed of reproduction, horizontal gene transfer aids in diversity

Question 8

Usage of o2

Answer 8

Obligate aerobes: need o2 for cellular respiration
Obligate anaerobes: use anaerobic metabolism to make atp, some killed at low o2 levels
Facultative anaerobes: can grown without oxygen, but will use it if present

Question 9

Bacteria role

Answer 9

Décomposerez
Fix nitrogen (only them can convert N2 to NH3, which is needed to make mino acids and nuclei acids. Cyanobacteria most,y in water, rhizobia, bacteria fix n2 for plants (n2 in air goes to nh3 in soil or water)
Fix co2 into o2 (Cyanobacteria through photosynthesis)

Question 10

Symbiotic relationships

Answer 10

Mutualism: both benefit
Commensalism: one benefits, other is indifferent
Paratism: one harms the other, but doesn’t kill