Programming Logic and Design Ninth Edition

Question 1

Combination of all the components required to process
and store data using a computer

Answer 1

Computer system

Question 2

Equipment associated with a computer

Answer 2

Hardware

Question 3

Computer instructions that tells the hardware what to do

Answer 3

Software

Question 4

Instructions written by programmers

Answer 4

Programs

Question 5

Writing software instructions

Answer 5

Programming

Question 6

such as word processing,
spreadsheets, payroll and inventory, even games, app

Answer 6

Application software

Question 7

such as operating systems like Windows,
Linux, or UNIX, Google Android and Apple IOS

Answer 7

System softwares

Question 8

Data items such as text, numbers, images, and sound

Answer 8

Input

Question 9

Calculations and comparisons performed by the central processing
unit (CPU)

Answer 9

Processing

Question 10

• Resulting information that is sent to a printer,
  a monitor, or storage devices after processing
• A cloud based device is accessed through the Internet

Answer 10

Output

Question 11

Used to write computer instructions called program code
– Writing instructions is called coding the program
– Examples
* Visual Basic, C#, C++, or Java

Answer 11

Programming language–

Question 12

– Rules governing word usage and punctuation
– Mistakes in a language’s usage are syntax errors

Answer 12

Syntax

Question 13

– Computer’s temporary, internal storage – random access memory (RAM)
– Volatile memory – lost when the power is off

Answer 13

Computer memory

Question 14

– Nonvolatile memory

Answer 14

Permanent storage devices

Question 15

Translates source code into machine language (binary language)
statements called object code
– Checks for syntax errors

Answer 15

Compiler or interpreter

Question 16

– Input will be accepted, some processing will occur, and results will be
output

Answer 16

Program executes or runs

Question 17

Understanding Simple Program Logic
* cannot execute

Answer 17

Programs with syntax errors

Question 18

– Errors in program logic produce incorrect output

Answer 18

Logical errors

Question 19

– Sequence of specific instructions in specific order

Answer 19

Logic of the computer program

Question 20

– Named memory location whose value can vary

Answer 20

Variable

Question 21

People for whom a program is written

Answer 21

Users or end users

Question 22

– All supporting paperwork for a program

Answer 22

Documentation

Question 23

is the sequence of steps or rules you
follow to solve a problem

Answer 23

algorithm

Question 24

Most common planning tools

Answer 24

Flowcharts
– Pseudocode

Question 24

Walking through a program’s logic on paper before you actually write the program

Answer 24

Desk-checking

Question 25

Plan the steps of the program and what they include

Answer 25

Planning the Logic

Question 26

One of the most difficult aspects of programming

Answer 26

Understanding the Problem

Question 27

is easier than the planning step

Answer 27

Coding

Question 28

Compiler or interpreter – Changes the programmer’s English-like high-level programming language into the low-level machine language

Answer 28

Translator program

Question 29

Misuse of a language’s grammar rules – Programmer corrects listed syntax errors – Might need to recompile the code several times

Answer 29

Syntax error

Question 30

Hundreds of programming languages available – Choose based on features – Similar in their basic capabilities

Answer 30

Coding the Program

Question 31

Execute the program with some sample data to see whether the results are logically correct

Answer 31

Test

Question 32

is the process of finding and correcting program errors

Answer 32

Debugging

Question 33

Programs should be tested with many sets of data

Answer 33

Testing the Program

Question 34

Process depends on program’s purpose – May take several months

Answer 34

Putting the Program into Production

Question 35

The entire set of actions an organization must take to switch over to using a new program or set of programs

Answer 35

Conversion

Question 36

Making changes after the program is put into production

Answer 36

Maintenance

Question 37

Maintaining previously written programs

Answer 37

Common first programming job

Question 38

Repeat the development cycle

Answer 38

Make changes to existing programs

Question 39

English-like representation of the logical steps it takes to solve a problem

Answer 39

Pseudocode

Question 40

Pictorial representation of the logical steps it takes to solve a problem

Answer 40

Flowchart

Question 41

representation of a number-doubling problem start input myNumber set myAnswer = myNumber * 2 output myAnswer stop

Answer 41

Pseudocode

Question 42

repetition of a series of steps

Answer 42

loop

Question 43

repeating flow of logic that never ends

Answer 43

infinite loop

Question 44

Data-entry value that the user will never need – Sentinel value

Answer 44

Dummy value

Question 45

Marker at the end of a file that automatically acts as a sentinel

Answer 45

eof (“end of file”)

Question 46

Testing a value

Answer 46

Making a decision

Question 47

Diamond shape

Answer 47

Decision symbol

Question 48

Arrows that connect steps

Answer 48

Flowlines

Question 49

Start/stop symbols – Shaped like a racetrack – Also called lozenges

Answer 49

Terminal symbols

Question 50

Represents output statements – Parallelogram

Answer 50

Output symbol

Question 51

Indicates input operation – Parallelogram

Answer 51

Input symbol

Question 52

Contains processing statements such as arithmetic – Rectangle

Answer 52

Processing symbol

Question 53

Draw geometric shapes that contain the individual statements – Connect shapes with arrows

Answer 53

Drawing Flowcharts

Question 54

is used to create simple text files

Answer 54

Text Editor

Question 55

provides an editor, compiler, and other programming tools * Microsoft Visual Studio IDE

Answer 55

– Integrated development environment (IDE)

Question 56

is a location on your computer screen at which you type text entries to communicate with the computer’s operating system

Answer 56

Command line

Question 57

allows users to interact with a program in a graphical environment

Answer 57

A graphical user interface, or GUI (pronounced gooey)

Question 58

Major models or paradigms used by programmers

Answer 58

Understanding the Evolution of Programming Models

Question 59

Focuses on the procedures that programmers create

Answer 59

Procedural programming

Question 60

Focuses on objects, or “things,” and describes their features (or attributes) and their behaviors

Answer 60

Object-oriented programming