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CPE 111b > Chemistry > Flashcards

Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the composition and structure of materials and of the changes that materials undergo.

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

An observation of natural phenomena carried out in a controlled manner so that the results can be duplicated and rational conclusions obtained.

A

Experiment

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3
Q

A concise statement or mathematical equation about a fundamental relationship or regularity of nature.

A

Law

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4
Q

A tentative explanation of some regularity of nature.

A

Hypothesis

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5
Q

A tested explanation of a basic natural phenomenon.

A

Theory

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6
Q

Whatever occupies space and can be perceived by our senses.

A

Matter

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7
Q

The quantity of matter in a material.

A

Mass

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8
Q

The total mass remains constant during a chemical change (chemical reaction).

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

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9
Q

characterized by rigidity; fixed volume and fixed shape.

A

Solid

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10
Q

relatively incompressible fluid; fixed volume, no fixed shape.

A

Liquid

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11
Q

compressible fluid; no fixed volume, no fixed shape.

A

Gas

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12
Q

A change in the form of matter but not in its chemical identity.

A

Physical Change

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13
Q

A change in which one or more kinds of matter are transformed into a new kind of matter or several new kinds of matter.

A

Chemical Change = Chemical Reaction

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14
Q

A characteristic that can be observed for a material without changing its chemical identity.

A

Physical Property

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15
Q

A characteristic of a material involving its chemical change.

A

Chemical Property

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16
Q

A kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical process such as distillation or sublimation.

A

Substance

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17
Q

A substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by any chemical reaction.

A

Element

18
Q

A substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined.

A

Compound

19
Q

A material that can be separated by physical means into two or more substances

A

Mixture

20
Q

One of several different homogeneous materials present in the portion of matter under study.

A

Phase

21
Q

A mixture that consists of physically distinct parts, each with different properties.

A

Heterogeneous Mixture

22
Q

A mixture that is uniform in its properties; also called a solution.

A

Homogenous Mixture

23
Q

The comparison of a physical quantity with a fixed standard of measurement—a unit.

A

Measurement

24
Q

The closeness of the set of values obtained from repeated measurement of the same quantity.

A

Precision

25
Q

The closeness of a single measurement to its true value.

A

Accuracy

26
Q

Those digits in a measured number (or in the result of a calculation with measured numbers) that include all certain digits plus a final digit having some uncertainty.

A

Significant Figures

27
Q

The number of digits reported for the value of a measured or calculated quantity, indicating the precision of the value.

A

Number of Significant Figures

28
Q

A counted number or defined number.

A

Exact Number

29
Q

The procedure of dropping nonsignificant digits and adjusting the last digit reported in the final result of a calculation.

A

Rounding

30
Q

An international system of units made up of a particular choice of metric units.

A

SI Units

31
Q

The seven metric units from which all other units can be derived.

A

Base Units

32
Q

The representation of a number in the form
A × 10n

A

Scientific Notation

33
Q

A measure of “hotness”
Heat flows from an area of higher temperature to an area of lower temperature.

A

Temperature

34
Q

Combinations of fundamental units.

A

Derived Units

35
Q

A factor equal to 1 that converts a quantity expressed in one unit to a quantity expressed in another unit.

A

Conversion Factor

36
Q

A method of calculations in which one carries along the units for quantities.

A

Units and Dimensional Analysis (Factor-Label Method)

37
Q

involves the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the chemistry of substances.

A

Analytical chemistry

38
Q

the study of chemical process in living organism

A

Biochemistry

39
Q

the study of carbon compounds

A

Organic Chemistry

40
Q

The Study of Non-Living substances

A

Inorganic Chemistry

41
Q

is a branch of chemistry which applies chemical and physical process towards the transformation of raw materials into products

A

Industrial Chemistry

42
Q

is the study of the chemical and physical properties of elements

A

nuclear chemistry

CPE 111b (10 decks)

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