Professional Development (Exam Three) Flashcards
Many definitions of leadership refer to what?
The ability of an individual to influence the behaviors of others
When exerting leadership, nurses inspire other health-care workers to accomplish what goals?
- Providing high quality client care
- Maintaining a safe work enviornment
- Developing new policies and procedures
- Increasing the power of the profession
List the different leadership theories.
- Trait theory
- Leadership-style theory
- Relationship-task orientation
The ______ theory identifies qualities that are common to effective leaders.
Trait
Why is trait theory, by itself, considered limited?
- Focuses only on the traits of the individual
- Does not take into account how the person acts in specific situations
List the leadership traits.
- High level of intelligence and skill
- Self-motivation
- Initiative
- Ability to communicate well
- Self-confidence
- Assertiveness
- Creativeness
- Persistence
- Stress tolerance
- Willingness to take risks
- Ability to accept criticism
What three leadership styles are encompassed under the leadership-style theory?
- Laissez-faire
- Democratic
- Authoritarian
The _____________ theory is viewed on a continuum of leadership that ranges from a mostly passive approach to a highly controlling one.
Leadership-style
When faced with a difficult decision ____________ leaders usually avoid making a decision in the hopes that the problem will resolve itself.
Laissez-faire
Describe a laissez-faire leader.
Allows group members to determine their own goals and methods to achieve them
When does laissez-faire leadership work best?
When members of the group have the same level of education as the leader and the leader performs the same tasks as the group members
Give an example of a setting where laissez-faire leadership works well.
Research laboratory staffed by self-motivated scientists who know what they want to achieve and are familiar with the means of achieving it
The laissez-faire style is also called what?
- Permissive
- Nondirective
- Passive
The democratic style is also called what?
- Supportive
- Participative
- Transformational
The ________ leadership style works best with groups whose members have a relatively equal status and who know each other well because they have worked together for an extended period.
Democratic leadership
When is the democratic leadership style considered time-consuming and ineffective?
When group members strongly disagree
List the hallmarks of democratic leadership style.
- Collaboration
- Confidence
- Autonomy
Followers of this system have a high level of commitment to the institution resulting in a strong work ethic and innovative ideas in practice.
Democratic leadership
The authoritarian style is also known as what?
- Controlling
- Directive
- Autocratic
Describe the authoritarian leadership style.
Provide direction by giving orders that the group is expected to carry out without question
People working under the ____________ leadership style usually harbor hostile feelings, use passive-aggressive techniques to try to even the playing field, and feel oppressed and unable to use their full potential.
Authoritarian
What is dictatorial leadership?
An extreme form of the authoritarian leadership style
Give an example of dictatorial leadership.
A military mission to destroy a terrorist group by a Delta Force assault team
When does the authoritarian leadership style work best?
- In emergency situations
- When clear direction is needed
- Saving a life or preventing injury
- Organizing a large group of people
Describe the benevolent authoritarian leadership style.
- Use a more paternalistic approach to achieving the goal
- Attempts to include the group’s feelings and concerns in the final decision
- Ultimately the leader makes all the decisions
What is almost always evident with the authoritarian leadership style?
High turnover rates
Which type of leader often allows the group to make its own decisions without regard to the task at hand?
High relationship–low task
Various forms of punishment are used by the ______ ______-________ __________ leader, ranging from verbal put-downs to poor performance evaluations that are used to determine pay raises.
High task-Low relationship
This type of leader is considered the worst leader.
Low relationship-Low task
This type of leader is considered the best leader.
High relationship-High task
A ____________ theory recognizes that no one approach works in all situations and states that the environment is always important in exercising leadership.
Situational
Factors such as sense of meaning, creativity, inspiration, and vision are involved in creating a sense of mission that exceeds good interpersonal relationships and rewards when utilizing the ____________ theory.
Transformational theory
________ are characteristics that an individual possess’s.
Traits
The ability to ________ is an essential behavior for all levels of leadership.
Motivate
List the key leadership qualities.
- Critical thinker
- Problem solver
- Integrity
- Active listener
- Skillful communicator
- Courage
- Initiative
- Energy
- Optimism
- Perseverance
- Well-roundedness
- Coping skills
- Self-knowledge
What is the key to success of a leader on both individual and group levels?
A trusting relationship
What is considered the ‘Golden Rule’?
Treat other people as you would want to be treated
What is one of the best ways to promote better performance among staff?
Provide individuals with more difficult challenges
The American Nurses Association (ANA) is directed toward promoting and maintaining the ________ of the nursing profession.
Integrity
The experts tell us that only _____ of communication is verbal; _____ is all other nonverbal content.
- 7%
- 93%
Describe followers as a group.
As a group they bring a collection of past experiences and knowledge to assist in considering the leaders abilities and in making decisions
What do subordinates want and need to know?
That they are important to the organization
T/F: Almost all leaders are also followers and subordinates at some point in their careers, often simultaneously and many times followers and subordinates can be leaders.
True
In the ____________ approach, providing the right incentives, such as money, is expected to increase employee productivity.
Time-motion theory
Which theory requires managers to develop a different set of management skills, including counseling effectively, boosting motivation, using effective leadership skills, and maintaining productive communication?
Human interaction theory
What theory results in increased productivity and decreased employee satisfaction?
Time-Motion theory
Managers demonstrating this theory implement new procedures by first ensuring they comply with standards of care?
Time-motion theory
List the key behaviors of managers.
- Optimistic
- Identifies restraining forces
- Goal directed
Describe governance as it relates to the health care setting.
Process of decision-making at the top level of an organization that ensures goal are achieved and outcomes are of high-quality by defining expectations, delegating power, and overseeing the administrative process
When is governance often seen in a healthcare setting?
When a unit is changed from one field to another (med-surg to rehab)
Describe shared governance.
Power and authority are transferred to the nursing staff, not primarily to nurse administration
List the two key elements to a successful budget.
- Income
- Expenses
What is the goal of creating a budget?
Pay all the expenses while not exceeding the income
What does an operational budget do?
Helps nursing manager manage the unit to produce highest quality care in the most economical manner possible
What is one of the steepest learning curves for nurse managers?
Budgeting process
What is the primary consideration when staffing?
Client safety
What is the key element to be considered in staffing?
Client acuity
Who is responsible for presenting needs for change in staffing ratios during a budget meeting?
Nurse manager
What literature was published by the ANA in 2005?
ANA Principles of Staffing