Professional Development (Exam Four) Flashcards
When the Institute of Medicine (IOM) published “To Err Is Human” in 2000, it estimated that ___________ people die per year in hospitals.
98,000
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) began the quality cares movement due to what?
- Adverse events
- Medical errors
List the three accepted elements of quality.
- Structure
- Process
- Outcome
The 2001 report, “Crossing the Chiasm” concluded that care should be _________, __________, _________, ________, ___________, and __________.
- Safe
- Effective
- Client centered
- Timely
- Efficient
- Equitable
The report, “To Err Is Human” focused on what?
Faulty systems, processes, and conditions that led to mistakes
________ recommended changes for advocacy strategies to reduce errors and improve the quality of health care by recommending a four-tiered approach.
The Institute of Medicine Report: To Err Is Human
Define quality assurance in health care.
An action is performed correctly the first time and each time thereafter
What individuals are considered external customers?
- Patient(s)
- Patient(s) family
What individuals are considered internal customers?
Individuals working within the health care setting
Continuous quality improvement (CQI) is also known as what?
Total Quality Management (TQM)
Describe the concept of exceeding expectations.
Organizations with a higher-quality service will capture a greater share of the market opposed to those with lower quality-service
Which organization uses quality indicators (QI) as measures of health-care quality from easily accessible inpatient hospital administration data?
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
What electronic tool acts as a scoreboard to assess quality?
Dashboards
Which organization serves as the gold standard for comparisons of hospital performance, facilitates transparency, and allows for easy access to health-care information?
Leapfrog Group
What is the goal of the Leapfrog Group?
To promote high-quality health care through incentives and rewards
There are _________ ___________ for all units and all types of patients with almost every condition, even patients who die during hospitalization.
Quality improvements
What does risk management do?
- Identify, analyze, and evaluate risks
- Reduce those risks to decrease harm to patients
Describe a sentinel event.
Unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury
T/F: Not all sentinel events are due to errors, and not all errors cause sentinel events.
True
List the five distinct phases of the Six Sigma.
HINT: DMAIC
- Define
- Measure
- Analyze
- Improve
- Control
Using the Six Sigma process, which variation must be detected before applying the five-step statistical process?
Assigned variation
Which program or hybrid focuses on identifying and eliminating waste?
Lean Six Sigma
Which model is designed to promote competency for clinical practice at all levels?
Competency Outcomes and Performance Assessment (COPA) model
What competency was later added to the QSEN project, as a direct result of technology in health care?
Informatics
What is the mission of the Quality Improvement Organization (QIO)?
Improve the effectiveness, efficiency, economy, and quality of services delivered to Medicare beneficiaries
What organization assists Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries with complaints about quality of care?
Quality Improvement Organization (QIO)
Medicare payment programs are to disallow payment for reasonably preventable medical errors that occur in the hospital known as _______ ________.
Never events
Who is responsible for covering the cost of never events if they do occur?
The hospital
Transforming care at the bedside addresses what four categories?
- Safe and reliable care
- Vitality and teamwork
- Patient-centered care
- Value-added care processes
List the ideas for change under the framework transforming care at the bedside.
- Rapid response teams
- Specific communication models
- Professional support programs
- Liberalized diet and meals times
In 2001, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) identified six aims for improving health care in the United States. Which of the following are NOT characteristics the IOM identified? (SATA) A. Affordable B. Safe C. Effective D. Local E. Client-centered F. Timely G. Efficient H. Equitable
A, D
One system of quality improvement that has been tried in health care is ______ ________, which was originally developed to improve quality in manufacturing but has since been used to identify problems and find effective solutions in health care.
Six Sigma
Root-cause analysis, as essential part of risk management, is conducted after an adverse event. What are the components of root-case analysis? (SATA)
A. Identifying who cause the adverse event
B. Tracking the events that led to the error
C. Identifying any faulty systems or processes
D. Developing a plan to prevent further errors
B, C, D
Which of the following is the best definition of quality as it relates to healthcare?
A. The extent to which clients are satisfied with their health outcomes and the care they received
B. The provision of as much safe, effective care as the client can afford
C. The degree to which health services increase the likelihood of desired outcomes and reflect current professional knowledge
D. The extent o which outcomes can be quantified and compared to industry standards
C. The degree to which health services increase the likelihood of desired outcomes and reflect current professional knowledge
Which of the following statements about how education relates to quality and safety in nursing care is true? (SATA)
A. Education in quality and safety begins in nursing school
B. Continuing education allows nurses to update their knowledge and skills to improve quality and safety
C. Increasing nursing education levels has been shown to improve client outcomes and quality
D. The type of quality and safety education a nurse receives depends on the hospital or facility in which the nurse works
E. Hospitals are unwilling to spend money on quality and safety education for nurses
A, B, C
What is civility?
Underlying principal that recognizes all human beings are important
Civility is based on what?
- Good manners
- The Golden Rule
Civility in the nursing profession enables nurses to do what?
Make caring the focal point of their practice
________ __________ is the ability to be aware of feelings and thought of others by using behavioral cues.
Emotional intelligence
What concept promotes personal growth of the nurse?
Emotional intelligence
What concept is viewed as a continuum of impolite behaviors?
Incivility
List examples of classroom incivility.
- Inattentiveness
- Coming unprepared
- Not listening
- Interrupting
- Tardiness
- Cheating