Proces fo Word Formation

Question 1

Invention

Answer 1

words created from no existing morphemes or phonestheme

Question 2

Compounding words

Answer 2

words formed by the joining of two or more free morphemes into a single word

Question 3

Derivation

Answer 3

forming of new words by combining derivational affixes or bound bases with existing words

Question 4

blending (portmanteau words)

Answer 4

combining two or more parts from two or more existing words

Question 5

Clip formations

Answer 5

elimination part of a word

Question 6

Backformation

Answer 6

forming a new word form an existing one, usually verb from a noun, nearly always changing the part of speech

Question 7

Echoism (onomatopoeia)

Answer 7

words in which the sounds suggest meaning

Question 8

Reduplication

Answer 8

word with repeating sounds or syllables

Question 9

Functional Shift

Answer 9

the use of the same word as more than one part of speech

Question 10

Antonomasia (commonization)

Answer 10

words derived from proper names

Question 11

Folk etymology (malapropism, Archie Bunker-ism)

Answer 11

using a word in an improper way because of association with a known word or situation, often creating a new word ex: Hearing a song and misunderstanding a word, mishearing something and then creating a new word.

Question 12

Generalization

Answer 12

giving a more general meaning to a narrow term ex: go- to go by any means of transportation when it once meant to walk, starve- now means to die of hunger, once meant to die

Question 13

Specialization

Answer 13

narrowing the meaning of a word

Question 14

Pejoration

Answer 14

giving a derogatory meaning to a word ex: fool used to mean court jester, and now it means idiot.

Question 15

Amelioration

Answer 15

a once uncomplimentary word now has a more positive meaning. ex: bomb: they dropped a bomb vs. you’re the bomb- wicked: evil vs. cool

Question 16

Euphemism

Answer 16

substitution of a more pleasant phrase for something unpleasant

Question 17

Trade Name

Answer 17

using the name of a particular product to refer to and item. ex: coke for soda, Kleenex for tissue, xerox for copy

Question 18

Phonesthemes

Answer 18

sound combinations that has come to have meaning, units of sound that seem to have meaning but are not true morphemes: fly, flip, flow; glisten, glow, glitter

Question 19

homogrpahs

Answer 19

words that look alike but have different sounds and meanings: wind a clock, the wind blows; write a resume, resume a project

Question 20

homophone

Answer 20

words that sound the same but have different meanings: two, to, too