Form Class Words

Question 1

Form Class Words

Answer 1

The context words of English Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, Uninflected words

Question 2

Characteristics of Form Classes

Answer 2

They are open classes, adding new members as language progresses. The members of the classes ares words that have more than one form. Form classes are large word classes. Form class words are the so-called “full morphemes” of English morphology.

Question 3

Noun

Answer 3

can be identified by formation of a plural {-spl} and of a singular {-s sg ps} and plural {-s pl ps} posessive.

Question 4

Common Noun

Answer 4

a generic individual of a class (boy, desk, chair, tree, etc.)

Question 5

Proper Noun

Answer 5

a specific individual of a class (John, the Taj Mahal, Snoopy, etc.)

Question 6

Count Noun

Answer 6

has a referent that can be counted (boy, boys; desk, desks; tree, trees)

Question 7

Mass Noun

Answer 7

has a referent that cannot be counted (milk, money , silver, gold, water)

Question 8

Collective Noun

Answer 8

can be considered singly or as a group (club, committee, team, group, etc.)

Question 9

Concrete Noun

Answer 9

the referent has a physical existence (book, television, computer, pen)

Question 10

Abstract Noun

Answer 10

the referent is a quality (love, fear, air, space, idea)

Question 11

Every noun has ____ of these ____ characteristics.

Answer 11

Every noun has 3 of these 6 characteristics.

Question 12

Functions of Nouns

Answer 12

Subjects of the verb (SV), subject complement (SC), Direct Object (DO), Indirect Object (IO), Retained Object (RO), Object Complement (OC), Appositive (APP), Direct Address (DA), Modifier (ADJ), Adverbial Objective (AO), Nominative Absolute (NA), Object of the preposition (OP)

Question 13

APP

Answer 13

Appositive My mother, *Evelyn*, is a good person. The play *Hamlet* is good.

Question 14

DA

Answer 14

Direct Addresss *Mother*! I’m hungry. *Class*, close you’re books.

Question 15

ADJ

Answer 15

Modifier The *brick* house.

Question 16

(AO)

Answer 16

Adverbial Objective does not tell what or whom, but tells when and where. I am going *home.* We leave next *week*.

Question 17

NA

Answer 17

Nominative Absolute The *test,* having been given, the students all started crying. His *work* done, john left the building.

Question 18

OP

Answer 18

Object of the preposition Of the *book* by the *river*

Question 19

Adjectives

Answer 19

Adjectives come in three degrees ( or grades): positive, comparative, and superlative. Their function is to modify nouns or noun substitutes. They may come in three positions: prenominal (attributive), appositive, or predicate.

Question 20

What position are the adjectives is? The *green* frog made a snack out of the *greener* fly.

Answer 20

Adjectives in the prenominal position

Question 21

What position is the adjective in? The woman, *green* with envy, wanted a new convertible jut like her best friend’s.

Answer 21

Appositive position

Question 22

What position is the adjective in? My least favorite color is *green*.

Answer 22

Adjective in the predicate position

Question 23

Adverbs end in one of following suffixes

Answer 23

-ly,-wise,-s,-ward, and the free form like

Question 24

Some adverbs can be used in the comparative and superlative degree; others are __________ and cannot.

Answer 24

Some adverbs can be used in the comparative and superlative degree; others are absolute and cannot.

Question 25

Adverbs are modifiers and, in frequency of occurrence, adverbs function as modifiers of

Answer 25

verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs, and their placement is flexible in relation to the word they modify.

Question 26

Adverbs answer such questions as…

Answer 26

how, when, where, why, under what conditions, etc.

Question 27

What question is answered by the adverb? *Merrily* we roll along…

Answer 27

How

Question 28

What question is answered by the adverb? Mary works *Saturdays,* but she has Sunday off.

Answer 28

When

Question 29

The suspect did not willingly go with the police officers.

Answer 29

in what manner. Adverbs that modify verbs are movable.

Question 30

Members of the form class verbs must have at least three diffrent forms from the following:

Answer 30

stem, -s3d, -dpt, -dpp, and -ing vb

Question 31

Finite Verbs

Answer 31

serve as the main verb (MV) or predicator in a clause. The space explorer *walked* on the moon. The woman who *won* the competition *had worked* very hard before she *competed*

Question 32

Nonfinite Verbs

Answer 32

Often verbs by form are used in nonverbal posistions as adjectivals, adverbials, or nominals. Verbs used in thes positions are nonfinite. To *see* the wrestlers, Mary had *to stand* on her tiptoes. (adverbial and nominal) The *singing* canary was trying *to ward off* intruders. (Adjectival, nominal) *Thinking is a part of *knowing* (nominal nominal)

Question 33

Uses of Nonfinite Verbs

Answer 33

To modify nouns, especially in the postnominal position As adjective complements (completers) Used in nominal adjectival, or adverbial positions.

Question 34

The person *speaking* had a strong bass voice.

Answer 34

Participle, used adjectivally in the postnominal position

Question 35

I am so glad *to be here.*

Answer 35

Infinitive used as adjective completer.

Question 36

*Dancing* may look beautiful, but it is hard *to do.*

Answer 36

Gerund, subject of the verb; infinitves, modifies “hard.”

Question 37

Indefinite aspect of verbs

Answer 37

simple present or simple past tense

Question 38

Completive apsect

Answer 38

minimally, have + the past participle. May also include modals and the primary auxiliary *be*

Question 39

Progressive Aspect

Answer 39

formed with the -ing verb from (present participle) and appropriate auxiliaries.