Procedures LSpine and General Spine Anatomy Flashcards
4 Purposes of the Spine
Provides support for trunk and skull
Encloses and protects the spinal cord
Provides attachment for ribs posteriorly
Transmits wt of trunk and upper body to lower extremities and is supported by hip bones
What is difference between spinal canal and cord
Canal-contains spinal cord and is filled with CSF begins at base of skull and extends into sacrum
Cord- enclosed/protected by spinal cord begins with medulla oblongata and tapers off at 1st lumbar vertebra.
Early life vertebra
Average of 33 with sacrum and coccyx not fused
Adult life vertebra
26 vertebrae, sacrum and coccyx are fused
What are the 5 divisions of the spine
Cervical-7 Thoracic-12 Lumbar-5 Sacrum-1 in adults 5 in children coccyx- 1 in adults 3-5 in children
Cervical/lumbar curvature shape and type
concave posterior
lordotic curves
Throacic/sacral curvature shape and type
convex posterior
kyphotic curves
Primary Curves & example
3
Present at birth
thoracic and sacral curves are primary
convex posterior
Compensatory/secondary curves & example
4
Develop after birth
cervical and lumbar curves
are concave posterior
cervical is least pronounced curvature
When does a child begin to develop cervical curvature
when they begin to hold head up and try to sit up
When does a child begin to develop lumbar curvature
When they begin to walk
Lumbar curvature is more pronounced in
Females
Lordosis
an abnormal lumbar curvature with increased concavity
Lay term-sway back
Kyphosis
An abnormal thoracic curvature with increased convexity
Lay term-hump back
Scoliosis
an abnormal, lateral curvature of the spine
Typical vertebra consist of what 2 parts
body
vertebral arch
What makes up vertebral arch
Pedicles
laminae
What makes up foramen
the body and vertebral arch - stacked
What latin word means little foot
Pedicle
Where can spinous processes be palpated
neck and back
What are the articulating surfaces of articular processes
facets
Where is superior vertebral notch located
along the upper surface of each pedicle
Where is the inferior vertebral notch located
along the lower surface of each pedicle
What are intervertebral foramina formed by
superior and inferior verebral notches on each side
allow passage of nerves and blood vessels
