Problem Solving Neuro Flashcards
Define the problem of collapse
Seizures or syncope
Define wees a lot
Polyuric or pollakiuric
What is the pathophysiological approach to DDx?
DAMNIT V
- degenerative (eg. degen myelopathy)
- anomalous (eg. congenital hydrocephalus)
- metabolic (hepatic encephalopathy)
- nutirional/neoplasia (thiame deficiency encaphalopathy, meningioma)
- inflam/infectioius/idiopathic/iatrogenic (neosporosis, steroid responsive meningitis-arteritis, idiopathic epilepsy)
- trauma/toxin (metronidazole toxicity)
- vascular (fibrocartilagenous embolic myelopathy)
What is the 6 finger rule for neuro?
- Localisation
- Signalment
- Onset
- Progression
- Symettry
- Pain
egs. of focal lesions
- neoplasia
- intervertebral disk herniation
- congenital malformation
egs. of multifocal lesions
- inflam/infection
- multifocal neoplasia: lymphoma
egs. diffuse lesions
- neurodegenerative
- metabolic
What types of onset may be seen?
- peracute (instantaneous)
- acute (~days)
- subacute (~1/2weeks)
- chronic (weeks to months)
- acute on chronic
How can a pathology’s progression be described?
- improving (trauma, vascular)
- static
- deteriorating (degenerative, inflam, neoplasia)
- waxing and waning (metabolic)
- episodic
- paroxysmal
How may a spinal cord lesion be symmetrical or asymmetrical?
> symmetrical
- intervertebral disk herniation compressing whole cord
asymmetrical
- infarct as blood supply splits to left and right hemispheres of the cord
Where and which side is the lesion with circling animals?
circle towards the side of the lesion, forebrain lesion.
What MRI changes are seen with L2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria?
- metabolic dz
- brighter signal on MRI
Where are there no pain receptors in the spine?
- spinal cord
- all of CNS has no pain receptors
What is the most common brain tumour in the cat?
meningioma (mostly benign)
What type of onset does feline ischaemic encephalopathy have?
subacute onset/progression (vascular pathophysiology)
