14/5 21/5 Neuro Quizzes

Question 1

peracute, non-progressive, improving after 2d. 10yo golden retriver

Answer 1

• idiopathic vestibular dz
• old dogs/cats
• suspect vascular event

Question 2

dog wide base stance, ataxia, intention tremor

Answer 2

cerebellum

Question 3

cat L sided otitis media/externa

Answer 3

• horners, facial n. = left peripheral vestibular signs

Question 4

What is seen with paradoxical vestibular dz?

Answer 4

• head tilt away form side of lesion

- proprioceptive deficits ON SIDE OF LESION ALWAYS

Question 5

How can the femoral n. be tested?

Answer 5

• Patella reflex

- unable to weight bear if lesion present(quads hip flexors and patella ligament)

Question 6

How can a sciatic n. lesions be identified?

Answer 6

• Pseudohyperreflexia of patella reflex
• hock flexion test (withdrawal)
• plantigrade but still weight bearing

Question 7

When may sciatic n lesions be seen?

Answer 7

chronic DM

Question 8

Where are lesions if tail wag is lost?

Answer 8

• anywhere on spine will cause loss of wag

- floppy tail specifically = L4 - S3

Question 9

What are PLR deficits suggestive of?

Answer 9

Brainstem lesion

cf. blindness: forebrain lesion

Question 10

How can angiostrongylus vasorum be detected in the dog?

Answer 10

faecal smear

Question 11

What clinical signs are seen with angiostrongylus vasorum?

Answer 11

• coagulopathy
• acute onset neuro signs d/t VASCULAR EVENT
• progressively worsening

Question 12

Which virus can affect the CNS in cats? Signs?

Answer 12

FIP

• ^ protein, neutrophils
• multifocal
• hydrocephalus and meningeal enhancement MRI

Question 13

What is the tx and prognosis of granulomatous meningioencephalomyelitis

Answer 13

• Tx 1st two weeks = good prog
• steroids and drugs to combat side effects
• multi focal dz

Question 14

Prognosis of brain infarct?

Answer 14

good prognosis (depending on size and severity of lesion, function loss)

Question 15

Where are different spinal tracts located within the cord?

Answer 15

• peripheral spinal cord = proprioception (sensory)
• motor function more deep
• nociception deepest pathways

Question 16

How many cervical vertebra does a giraffe have?

Answer 16

7 (normal mammal 6)

Question 17

where does symapthetic innervation to the eye orignate?

Answer 17

midbrain (-> cervcal SC, then back up in vagosympathetic trunk)

Question 18

outline the pathogenesis and clinical signs of paradoxical vestibular syndrome

Answer 18

• by definition = central dz
• CN deficits esp 5 and 7 (v close to 8)
• postural deficits always IPSILATERAL (contralateral to forebrain)
• head tile “soft sign” usually towards but can be away

Question 19

if stimulation of either eye results in OU dilation, where is the lesion?

Answer 19

• optic chiasm/bilat optic nerve/eina/bilat occulomotos

- menace still needed to test for vision but likely blind

Question 20

What is the normal response to cutaneous trunci stiulation on either side?

Answer 20

Both sides should react

Question 21

Outline the pathway of the cutaneous trunci reflex

Answer 21

• 3 neuron pathway
• dorsal horn SC synase both side SC
• branches out of brachial plexus (otor)

Question 22

What drug can cause neuro signs?

Answer 22

Metronidazole tox (even at therapeutic doses)

• look awful but willl get better!
• just stop metronidazole
• usually ^ doses or additive effect if used long term (beware OLD formulary boks recommend higher doses than recommended now)