Problem 6 - personality and life outcome Flashcards
1
Q
Mean-level change
A
-increase/decrease in traits at the population level
-
2
Q
findings mean level change
A
- most change between ages of 20-40
- change in positive direction
- > more confident, warm, responsible, socially mature
3
Q
Are spouses similar in personality?
A
- only slightly similar
- r= 0.00-0.25
- > refers to personality trait not mental ability, religion etc
4
Q
Marital satisfaction
A
- agreeable, stable person
- > more satisfied
- > develop better marriages
- big 5 Openness -> correlated positively to satisfaction
- neither similarity nor dissimilarity between spouses was associated with higher satisfaction
5
Q
anxious attachment
A
-worry about loss of partners love
6
Q
avoidant attachment
A
-uncomfortable being emotionally close to ones partner
7
Q
Attachment styles and Personality
A
- anxious -> low emotional stability , low conscientiousness
- avoidant -> weakly related to low extraversion and low conscientiousness
8
Q
Parenting style
A
- higher openness to experience and extraversion
- > more nurturing, less restrictive
9
Q
Are friends similar in personality?
A
- Honesty-Humility and Openness to experience
- > friends on average somewhat similar
- friends perceive more similarity on these traits as there actually is
- friends often share same values
- honesty-humility and openness -> related to peoples values
10
Q
Personality and peer relationships
A
- sociability -> associated with being liked
- aggression -> being disliked
- extraversion-> positively related to social status
- only among men: emotional stability, physical attractiveness -> related to social status
11
Q
substance use
A
- low Conscientiousness, low Emotional Stability -> substance use disorder
- high levels of self control -> contribute to quit smoking
12
Q
Longevity
A
- childhood personality was related to Longevity
- conscientiousness, social dependability -> longer life span
- > maybe due to lower likelihood smoking
-cheerfulness, optimism -> shorter longevity
13
Q
Heart disease
A
Type A : competitiveness, impatience, excessive job involvement, hostility, time urgency
- > increased probability of heart disease
- high hostility+dominance -> greater physiological reactions to stress -> increased risk of heart disease
14
Q
academic performance
A
-conscientiousness -> strongest predictor
15
Q
criminality
A
- low self control , acting impulsively
- criminals are NOT more motivated -> worse at inhibiting impulses
- willingness to take risks -> influence on criminal behavior
