Principles Of ROM And Goni Flashcards
_____ refers to the movement of the shafts of bones rather than the movement of joint, measured via the goniometer
Osteokinematics
_____ refers to the movement of the joint surfaces, glides, and spins and rolls. These three occur in combination and result in movement of the shafts of the bones.
Arthrokinematics
______ plane is on the medial-lateral axis
Sagittal plane
_____ plane is on the anterior-posterior axis
Frontal Plane
_____ plane is on the vertical axis
Transverse plane
_____ the arc of motion that occurs at a joint or a series of joints.
Range of motion
How can range of motion be described
Actively: voluntary joint motion
Passively: moved by the pt without muscle contraction by the client
What are the factors to consider for rom
Symmetry Comparison to the contralateral side Age Gender Body type Pain
During PROM, ______ may be due to moving, stretching or pinching noncontractile (inert) structures.
Pain
During AROM, ______ can pain be contractile in nature or by muscles causing a malalignment of the joint mechanics
Pain
______ screens for abnormal movement and symmetry
Active range of motion
Active range of motion gives information on:
The willingness to move
Muscle strength
Joint rom
_____ assesses tissue that may be limiting motion
Passive range of motion
_____ describes joint end-feel, detects pain, and gives an estimate of the amount of motion.
Passive range of motion
Why is prom greater than arom normally
Due to tissue stretch and reduced bulk of relaxed muscles
_____ gives information regarding articular surfaces, extensibility of the joint capsule, ligaments, fascia and skin
Prom
_____ does not depend on strength and proceeds the strength exam
Prom
_____ is used to measure and document the amount of arom and prom as well as abnormal fixed positions
Goniometry
What are the types of goniometers?
Universal
Gravity dependent
Electro goniometers
Where is the stationary arm placed
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the proximal segment, aligned with the designated anatomical landmark.
Where is the moving arm placed
Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the distal segment, aligned with the designated anatomical landmark.
_____ a decrease in prom significantly less than normal
Hypomobility
____ pathological pattern of restriction with proportional loss in most prom
Capsular patterns of restricted motion
____ can be documented if arom and prom are within normal expected values and symmetrical right and left sides without any abnormalities
Within normal limits
_____ can be documented if there are minimal symmetrical decreases in prom and no functional limitations are noted. It is used when an old deformity is minor and does not impose functional limitations
Within functional limits
_____ the instrument measures what it is supposed to
Face validity
_____ the instrument adequately represents/measures the domain
Content validity
____ comparing measurements to a gold standard (X-ray)
Criterion related validity
______ the ability of an instrument to a measure an abstract concept (functional applications)
Construct validity
____ is consistency between successive measures of the same variable on the same subject under the same conditions.
Reliability
_____ reliability is higher than _____ reliability
Intratester
Intertester
If a one joint muscle is short, the prom in the direction ______ the muscles action is decreased and the end feel is _____.
Opposite
Firm
If a one joint muscle has normal length there is _____
No difference between its indirect assessment of muscle length and the measurement of joint rom in the opposite direction
How to muscle length test over a two joint muscle
If full prom doesn’t occur over both joints then you have passive insuffiency.
How to assess a two joint muscle
The origin and insertion must be passively approximated by support to allow slack
