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DPT 7124 > Primitive Reflexes > Flashcards

Primitive Reflexes Flashcards

1
Q

lack of strength or presence of sensory impairment may also affect _________________

A

motor functioning

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2
Q

INFANTILE REFLEXES

A

involuntary, subcortical reactions exhibited after sensory stimulation such as head movement, light, touch, and sound

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3
Q

infantile reflexes are usually inhibited or disappear by

A

six months in typically developing children

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4
Q

3 categories of infantile reflexes

A

postural
primitive
locomotor

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5
Q

postural reflexes include:

A

symmetric and asymmetric tonic neck, tonic labrynthine, positive support

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6
Q

PRIMITIVE REFLEXES

A
  • an involuntary response to a specific external stimulation
  • consistent pattern, but able to move out of it
  • no direct involvement of the higher brain centers
  • not volitional (obligatory)
  • appear during gestation or around birth
  • integrated by ~6mos

grasp, Moro, suck/swallow, rooting, Babinski

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7
Q

locomotor reflexes include

A

stepping, crawling, swimming

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8
Q

reflexes that _______ can be a sign of neurological problems

A

persist

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9
Q

ASSYMETRICAL TONIC NECK REFLEX (ATNR)

A
  • stimulated by turning the infant’s head to one side
  • face-side extremities will extend; other side will flex
  • usually subtle, does not always appear, disappears by 6 months
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10
Q

when neurological damage is present, the ATNR will present as follows:

A
  • very strong when head is turned

- appears every time the area near the head is stimulated

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11
Q

infants with persistent ATNR will have difficulty with

A
  • exploring their bodies with their hands
  • bringing their hands to midline
  • rolling over
  • older children will have difficulty with movements requiring symmetry, such as walking, and using two hands together
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12
Q

RIGHTING REACTONS

A

keeping one’s head in line with body

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13
Q

BALANCE REACTIONS

A

keeping oneself from falling when balance is lost

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14
Q

PROTECTIVE REACTIONS

A

putting arms or legs out to prevent falling when balance is lost

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15
Q

REFLEX INTEGRATION

A
  • gradually show less specific responses; volitional control override
  • occurs at a certain age
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16
Q

role of primative reflexes

A 
basis for complex movement patterns
protection
nutrition
survival
pattern to assess neurologic maturity; can assess when there has been a neurological insult
17
Q

in a typically developing infant reflexes are

A
  • not only reflexive motor behavior

- reflexes are fleeting and not obligatory (not stuck in a reflex position)

18
Q

atypical reflexes

A
  • obligatory
  • affect mobility and function
  • persistence
  • lack of presence
  • significantly weak response
  • excessively strong response
  • asymmetrical response when should be symmetrical
19
Q

signs of neurological dysfunction indicate

A

a need for further testing

20
Q

SUCKING REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Lips or roof of the mouth is touched

Response: Sucking motion

Nutritive or non-nutritive

Integrate ~ 4 mo. (introduction of solid foods)

Persistence: Choking, speech (will choke if reflex is present)

21
Q

ROOTING REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Touch the cheek

Response: Heads turns toward the touch

Nutritive

Integrates ~ 4 mo.

Persistence: Impede rolling, speech, oral motor control

22
Q

POSITIVE SUPPORT REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Hold upright, touch soles to surface

Response: B Leg extension

Integrates ~ 2 mo.

Persistence: Impede walking

23
Q

STEPPING REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Held upright, feet on surface & weight shift forward

Response: reciprocal LE pattern

*Swimming & Crawling

Integrates ~ 2 mo. or inc. weight

Persistence: Impede walking

24
Q

PALMAR GRASP REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Touch palm

Response: Hand closes around

Integrates ~ 4 mo.

Persistence: Hand function

25
Q

PLANTAR GRASP REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Touch plantar foot

Response: Toes close around object

Integrates ~ 10 mo. – 1 yr.

Persistence: Impede standing, walking, balance

26
Q

ATNR

A

Stimulus: Baby turns head

Response: ipsilateral UE & LE extend, contralateral UE & LE flex (fencer’s pose)

Hand-eye coordination

Integrates ~ 4 mo. (babies start to roll at this age)

Persistence: Midline control (get food and put it in your mouth), feeding

27
Q

Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)

A

Stimulus: Head flexes
Response: Arms flex, legs extend–vestibular response

Stimulus: Head extends
Response: Arms extend, legs flex–vestibular response

Prep for crawling/creeping

Integrates ~ 4 until 10 mo.

Persistence: Quadruped, creeping

28
Q

Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)–Superman

A

Stimulus: head extends
Response: trunk & legs extend

Stimulus: head flexes
Repsonse: trunk & legs flex

*prone, supine, sitting, standing

Integrates ~ birth until 6 mo.; integrates before STNR

Persistence: Creeping, standing, sitting

29
Q

MORO REFLEX

A

Stimulus: head is suddenly dropped into extension

Response: arms and legs extend, fingers spread, then arms & legs flex–vestibular reflex

Protective response

Integrates ~ 6 mo.

Persistence: Impede calm state

30
Q

STARTLE REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Noxious sound or light–is a moro reflex

Response: same as moro

Integrates ~ 6 mo.

Persistence: Lack of habituation

31
Q

BABINSKI REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Stroke the sole of foot

Response: Toes extend

Integrates ~ 6 mo.
**then adult response to curl toes

Persistence: Impede standing, walking, balance

32
Q

GALANT REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Stroke along paravertebrals

Response: trunk & pelvis curves ipsilaterally

Integrates ~ 2 mo.

Persistence: Midline, scoliosis

33
Q

FLEXOR WITHDRAWAL REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Noxious at sole of foot

Response: Withdraw foot

Protective

Integrates: doesn’t

Persistence: Impede walking

34
Q

CROSSED EXTENSION REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Noxious stimulus

Response: Ipsilateral foot pulls away, contralateral foot extends

Integrates 4-6 mo.

Persistence: Reciprocal LE movement, can habituate

35
Q

PLACING REFLEX

A

Stimulus: Press dorsum of hand or foot at table edge

Response: Arm or leg will flex to clear edge–protective response

Protective Response

Integrates ~ 2 mo.

Persistence: volitional movement

DPT 7124 (7 decks)

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