Locomotion Flashcards
LOCOMOTION
Act of moving from place to place
Moving on one or more limbs
3 rockers of gait
heel
ankle
forefoot
CADANCE
Frequency of steps taken (steps/min)
STEP LENGTH
Between heel a and heel b
STRIDE LENGTH
Between initial contact of foot a to the next initial contact of foot a
STANCE WIDTH
Distance between opposite feet
VELOCITY
Rate of walking
SINGLE-LIMB STANCE
Length of time of single support during stance phase
Attributes of Typical Walking
- Stability in stance
- Sufficient foot clearance in swing
- Appropriate prepositioning of foot for initial contact
- Adequate step length
- Energy conservation
TYPICAL WALKING
Period of double support followed by single support
50% phasing between the legs
–Timing remains consistent across the lifespan
Mature Pattern by 7 yo
Prereqs for Independent Steps
Postural control of head and trunk
LE coordination for reciprocal pattern
LE strength
Balance
Predictors of Successful Ambulation
Independence with sitting by 2 yo
Ability to pull to stand by 2 yo
Predictors of Less Favorable Ambulation Results
Inability to roll by 2 yo
Spastic quadriplegia CP
Visual impairment
Influencing Factors
Physical attributes
-Head size, leg length, weight
Previous attainment of developmental milestones
Birth order
- Models
- Sibling helpers
Culture
-Caregiving practices
Season at birth
-Clothing constraint
Prone time vs. baby “equipment”
Floor experience
