Primary Survey

Question 1

Three P’s

Answer 1

Preserve Life
Prevent Deterioration
Promote Recovery

Question 2

Assessment

Answer 2

Quickly and accurately assess the patients condition.

Assess the priority for treatment compared with any other patient.

Question 3

6 stages of pre-hospital care

Answer 3

Survey the scene and approach
Primary Survey
Secondary Survey
Treatment regime & Transport
Reassessment
Pre-Alert

Question 4

Scene Safety

Answer 4

Look
Listen
Think
Act

Question 5

First Time Every Time

Answer 5

Am I Safe?
Is the Patient Safe?
Is the Environment Safe?
Do I Need Help?

Question 6

Personal Protective Equipment

Answer 6

Airwave Radio
Safety Boots
Hi-Vis Clothing
Stab-Vest
Gloves
Safety Goggles
Safety Helmet

Question 7

Look For Dangers

Answer 7

At the position of the patient.
For any obvious injuries.
How many patients there are.
For other services on scene.

Question 8

Listen For Dangers

Answer 8

For the patients breathing.
To what the patient is saying or noises they are making.
To witnesses or Bystanders.
Your colleagues, LFB, MPS, immediate responders etc.

Question 9

Think about all you have seen and heard. Then:

Answer 9

About the priorities
About additional assistance
About a treatment regime
Mechanism of injury

Question 10

Act

Answer 10

People are depending on you.
Call for appropriate assistance without unnecessary delay.
Prioritise patients needs “sort & sieve”
Act calmly, confidently and to the best of your ability.

Question 11

Primary Survey goals

Answer 11

To determine resuscitative measures.
To identify immediately life threatening conditions.
To assess and treat all life threatening conditions.

Question 12

Primary Survey DR-ABC

Answer 12

Danger
Response
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

disability
expose/evaluate

Question 13

Airway management

Answer 13

in-line Cervical spine management.
Assess and ensure a patients airway.
Manual opening manoeuvre.
Consider suction.
OP/NP airway.

Question 14

Breathing management

Answer 14

Assess for 10 seconds.
Assess rate 29 requires intervention.
If absent ventilate with supplemental O2.
Administer appropriate O2 via mask or by assisted ventilations.

Question 15

Breathing assessment

Answer 15

Asses quality of ventilations.
Assess breath sounds for equality/abnormality.
Check chest wall for stability.
Correct any potentially life threatening conditions/injuries.

Question 16

Circulation assessment/management

Answer 16

Assess pulse for 10 secs.
Assess pulse for: Rhythm, Rate, Volume
If absent begin cardiac compressions.
Arrest major Haemorrhage.
Assess peripheral perfusion & check capillary refill.

Question 17

Disability

Answer 17

Alert Voice Pain Unresponsive
Assess pupillary size and reaction
Record all finding and interventions.

Question 18

Expose and Evaluate

Answer 18

Fully remove/loosen clothing to examine injuries

Question 19

Primary Survey Length

Answer 19

1-2 minutes

“should I load and go or stay and stabilise”

Question 20

Time critical Conditions

Answer 20

If the patient has any problem with AIRWAY, BREATHING or CIRCULATION that cannot be immediately rectified then the patient must be considered TIME CRITICAL.

Question 21

Minimum Equipment for each job.

Answer 21

Primary Response Pack
Defibrillator
Aspiration
Oxygen
Bag/Valve/Mask