Cavities, Terminology, cells, tissue & organs Flashcards
what are Cells
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things with exception of viruses.
68kg adult has 100 trillion cells
what is Tissue
Body tissue is a combination of cells (organic) and intercellular (inorganic) material matrix which function together to perform a specialised activity.
4 types of Tissue
Epithelial (lines cavities and surfaces)
Connective
Nervous
Muscle
what are Organs
Organs are a combination of tissues forming a structure which carries out a specific specialised function. e.g. heart, brain, lungs & liver.
what is a System
A system is a group of structures or organs which work together to carry out essential specialised functions. e.g skeletal, respiratory, cardiovascular & urinary.
what are Glands
Glands develop from epithelial tissue and have the ability to manufacture substances from materials brought by the blood. e.g. thyroid, sweat, adrenal, pituitary.
what is a Body Cavity
any of the spaces in the human body that contain organs.
3 main Body Cavities
Cephalic (head)
Thoracic (chest)
Abdominal-pelvic (abdomen & pelvis)
contents of Cephalic Cavity
Cranium contains: Brain, origins of cranial nerves, inner and middle ears, major blood vessels. eyes and orbits nasal cavities oral cavity.
contents of Thoracic Cavity
Lungs
Heart
Oesophagus
Major blood vessels
contents of the Abdominal-Pelvic Cavity
Stomach & Duodenum small & large Intestines Liver & Gall Bladder Kidneys & Ureters Spleen Pancreas Major Blood Vessels Bladder Urethra Rectum Reproductive Organs Major Blood Vessels
superior
above
inferior
below
lateral
away from the mid-line of the body
medial
towards mid-line of the body
posterior
behind point of reference
anterior
in front of point of reference
proximal
nearest point of attachment
distal
furthest from point of attachment
prone
lying flat - face down
supine/recumbent
lying flat - face up
semi-recumbent
lying face up - back raised
upright
lying face up - back vertical
fowler
semi-recumbent with knees raised
