Primary/Supporting Instruments

Question 1

Turn coordinator alternative

Answer 1

Timed turns (3 degrees per second)

Question 2

Heading indicator (DG) alternatives

Answer 2

Magnetic compass, turn coordinator, time turns, GPS

Question 3

Altimeter alternative

Answer 3

Vertical airspeed indicator

Question 4

Vertical airspeed indicator alternative

Answer 4

Time climbs and descents

Question 5

Constant airspeed climb/descent primary instruments (pitch, bank, power)

Answer 5

Pitch- airspeed
Bank- heading indicator
Power- manifold/tachometer

Question 6

Constant rate climb/descent primary instrument (pitch, bank, power)

Answer 6

Pitch- vertical speed indicator
Bank- heading indicator
Power- manifold/tachometer

Question 7

Standard rate turn primary instruments (pitch, bank, power)

Answer 7

Pitch- altimeter
Bank- turning coordinator
Power- airspeed

Question 8

Straight and level supporting instruments (pitch, bank, power)

Answer 8

Pitch- vertical speed indicator/attitude
Bank- turn coordinator/ attitude
Power- manifold/tachometer

Question 9

Straight and level flight primary instruments (pitch, bank, power)

Answer 9

Pitch- altimeter
Bank- heading indicator
Power- airspeed

Question 10

Constant airspeed climb/descent supporting instruments (pitch, bank, power)

Answer 10

Pitch- vertical speed indicator/attitude
Bank- turn coordinator/attitude
Power- airspeed

Question 11

Constant rate climb/descent supporting instruments (pitch, bank, power)

Answer 11

Pitch- attitude
Bank- turn coordinator/attitude
Power- airspeed

Question 12

Standard rate turn supporting instruments (pitch, bank, power)

Answer 12

Pitch- vertical speed indicator/attitude
Bank- attitude
Power- manifold/tachometer

Question 13

ADC failure

Answer 13

Red “x” on screen

Question 14

AHRS failure

Answer 14

Black screen, no attitude

Question 15

Constant power+constant pitch=

Answer 15

Constant airspeed

Question 16

Constant power+decreased pitch=

Answer 16

Increased airspeed

Question 17

Pros of primary and supporting

Answer 17

•FAA encourages its use
•Requires specific knowledge and interpretation of each individual instrument.
•Applies to any airplane - a transferable SKILL
•Develops good partial panel skills
•Develops better cross-check technique

Question 18

Cons of primary and supporting

Answer 18

•Confusing to the student in the beginning
•Also, confuses “Pitch->Airspeed, Power->Altitude”
•Hard to teach
•Can result in needle chasing
•Increases fatigue
•Increases cockpit workload