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blood > Prevention of blood clotting - anticoagulants. Lysis of blood clots.Regulation of blood coagulation > Flashcards

Prevention of blood clotting - anticoagulants. Lysis of blood clots.Regulation of blood coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

anticoaggulants - definition

A

process that interferes with blood clotting by interfering with hemostasis mechanism

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2
Q

anticoaggulant - type 1

A

warfarin

inhibits vitamin K dependent blood clotting factors
blocking vitamin K epoxide reductase that activates vitamin k

prevents
- BCF 2/7/9/10
- protein C/S
- formation of stable clot

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3
Q

anticoaggulant - type 2

A

direct oral antiocoagulants = apixaban

  • blocks conversion of prothrombin -> thrombin
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4
Q

anticoaggulant - type 3

A

direct thrombin inhibitors = dabigatran

  • blocks thrombin that converts fibrinogen -> fibrin
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5
Q

anticoaggulant - type 4

A

heparin

stimulates antithrombin III = which inactivates thrombin

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6
Q

anticoaggulant - type 5

A

aspirin -
- inhibits COX-1 enzyme
- blocking production of thromboxane A2 needed for platelet activation

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7
Q

anticoaggulant - function 1

A

prevent AF in stroke patients

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8
Q

anticoaggulant - function 2

A

prevent blood clot formation in mechanical heart valves/ stents

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9
Q

anticoaggulant - function 3

A

prevent VTE = veno-thrombo-embolism post surgery

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10
Q

Lysis of blood clots - definition

A

when body removes clot from body after hemostasis mechanism
to restore normal blood flow

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11
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 1

A

hemostasis process

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12
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 2

A

thrombolysis activated when blood clot completed function

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13
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 3

A

tissue plasminogen activator

  • plasminogen -> plasmin (primary convertor)
  • released from endothelial cells
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14
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 4

A

urokinase = enzyme activating plasminogen in bloodstream

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15
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 5

A

streptokinase = bacterial enzyme activating plasminogen anywhere

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16
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 6

A

aminocaproic acid = drug inhibitor of fibrinolysis

17
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 7

A
  • plasmin breaks down fibrin clot
  • removed from blood by kidneys/ liver
18
Q

regulation - 1

A

antithrombin III
- inhibits action of thrombin

19
Q

regulation - 2

A

heparin sulfate

  • stimulates antithrombin III
20
Q

regulation - 3

A

protein C/S

  • vitamin K dependent proteins
  • inactivate factor 5a + factor 8a
21
Q

regulation - 4

A

tissue factor inhibitor

  • inhibits intrinsic pathway
22
Q

regulation - 5

A

negative feedback of endothelial cells producing NO + prostacyclins 2

blood (10 decks)

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