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blood > Prevention of blood clotting - anticoagulants. Lysis of blood clots.Regulation of blood coagulation > Flashcards

Prevention of blood clotting - anticoagulants. Lysis of blood clots.Regulation of blood coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

anticoaggulants - definition

A

also called blood thinners

prevent blood clot formation by interfering with hemostasis

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2
Q

anticoaggulant - type 1

A

vitamin K antagonist = warfin

inhibits enzyme vitamin K epoxide reductase needed for activating vitamin K

prevents
- vitamin K dependent clotting factors 2/7/9/10
- protein C/S
- formation of stable clot

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3
Q

anticoaggulant - type 2

A

direct oral antiocoagulants

dabigatran inhibits thrombin used in blood clotting

apixaban inhibits conversion of prothrombin -> thrombin

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4
Q

anticoaggulant - type 3

A

heparin

stimulates antithrombin III = inhibits thrombin
- preventing formation of fibrin

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5
Q

anticoaggulant - function 1

A

prevent AF in stroke patients

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6
Q

anticoaggulant - function 2

A

prevent blood clot formation in mechanical heart valves

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7
Q

anticoaggulant - function 3

A

prevent VTE = veno-thrombo-embolism post surgery

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8
Q

Lysis of blood clots - definition

A

when body removes clot after hemostasis
to restore normal blood flow

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9
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 1

A

hemostasis process

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10
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 2

A

fibrinolysis 1

  • activated when blood clot completed function
  • plasminogen = precursor protein
  • plasmin = activated form of plasminogen to break down fibrin
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11
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 3a

A

tissue plasminogen activator

  • plasminogen -> plasmin (primary convertor)
  • released from endothelial cells to bind to fibrin
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12
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 3b

A

urokinase = secondary convertor

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13
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 3c

A

streptokinase = drug promoting fibrinolysis

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14
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 3d

A

aminocaproic acid = drug inhibitor of fibrinolysis

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15
Q

Lysis of blood clots - 4

A

action of plasmin = fibrinolysis

  • plasmin breaks down fibrinogen/ fibrin
  • removed from blood by kidneys/ liver
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16
Q

regulation - 1

A

antithrombin III
- inhibits action of thrombin

17
Q

regulation - 2

A

heparin sulfate

  • stimulates antithrombin III
18
Q

regulation - 3

A

protein C/S

  • activated protein C in presented protein S initiates factor 5a + 8a
  • needed to turn of coagulation cascade
19
Q

regulation - 4

A

tissue factor inhibitor

inhibits tissue factor 7a complex

20
Q

regulation - 5

A

endothelial cells produce NO + prostacyclin 2 = prevent platelet aggregation

blood (10 decks)

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