Pressure Sores

Question 1

Why do pressure ulcers occur?

Answer 1

They develop in patients who are unable to move due to illness, paralsis or advancing age

Question 2

What are the risk factors for pressure ulcers?

Answer 2

Malnutrition
Incontinence
Lack of mobility
Pain

Question 3

What is a grade 1 pressure ulcer?

Answer 3

Non-blanchable erythema of the skin
Discolouration of the skin, warmth, oedema, induration, or hardness of the skin may be seen

Question 4

What is a grade 2 pressure ulcer?

Answer 4

Partial thickness skin loss involving the epidermis, dermis, or both

Question 5

What is a grade 3 pressure ulcer?

Answer 5

Full thickness skin loss involving damage to or necrosis of subcutaneous tissue that may extend down to, but not through, the fascia

Question 6

What is a grade 4 pressure ulcer?

Answer 6

Extensive destruction, tissue necrosis, or damage to muscle, bone or supporting structures

Question 7

What is the management of pressure ulcers?

Answer 7

A moist wound environment - hydrocolloid dressings and hydrogels
Referral to tissue viability nurse
Surgical debridement
Systemic antibiotics