Hip fracture

Question 1

What are the features of a hip fracture?

Answer 1

Pain
Shortened, externally rotated leg
Unable to weight bear (some patients can)

Question 2

What is an intracapsular fracture?

Answer 2

A fracture that occurs proximal to the intertrochanteric line (the line between the greater and lesser trochanter)

Question 3

What is an extracapsular fracture?

Answer 3

A fracture that occurs distal to the intertrochanteric line

Question 4

How are extracapsular fractures further divided?

Answer 4

Intertrochanteric
Subtrochanteric

Question 5

What is the garden system for classification of hip fractures?

Answer 5

Grade 1 - stable fracture with impaction in valgus

Grade 2 - complete fracture but undisplaced

Grade 3 - complete fracture, incompletely displaced

Grade 4 - complete fracture, completely displaced

Question 6

What is the management of a undisplaced intracapsular fracture?

Answer 6

Internal fixation
Hemiarthroplasty if unfit

Question 7

What is the management of a displaced intracapsular fracture?

Answer 7

Arthroplasty (total hip replacement or hemiarthroplasty)

Question 8

What is the management of a stable intertrochanteric fracture?

Answer 8

Dynamic hip screw

Question 9

What is the management of a subtrochanteric fracture?

Answer 9

Intramedullary device