Pressure Flashcards

1
Q

What is pressure?

A
  • The force per unit of area
  • The concentration of a force
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2
Q

Equation for pressure

A
  • Pressure (Pa) = Force (N) / Area (m2)
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3
Q

What component of the force do we measure with pressure?

A
  • The perpendicular force
  • The component of the force that is at a right-angle to the surface it collides with
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4
Q

Pressure in solids vs fluids

A
  • Pressure in solids: the collision between two solids causes pressure
  • Pressure in fluids: the collision between the fluid particles and a solid container causes pressure
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5
Q

Why does atmospheric pressure decrease as height above sea level increases?

A
  • Atmospheric pressure is caused due to collisions between air particles and the surface
  • As height above sea level increases, the number of air particles decreases (as the air becomes less dense)
  • This means that less collision take place overall, leading to a lower atmospheric pressure
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6
Q

What happens to the pressure on an object as it gets deeper in a liquid?

A
  • As the height of the column of liquid increases, the pressure increases aswell
  • The greater the amount of liquid above the object, the greater the pressure
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7
Q

Why is pressure of an object in liquid affected by the height of the column?

A
  • Pressure in a liquid is caused by the weight of the liquid pushing against the object that is submerged in water
  • If the object is deeper in the liquid, the aount of liquid above increases and therfore, the weight of the liquid increases and therfore, the pressure increases
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8
Q

How does density effect pressure in a liquid?

A
  • A more dense liquid has a greater weight and therefore, will exert a greater pressure
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9
Q

Equation for pressure in a liquid

A
  • Pressure (Pa) = height (m) x density (kg/m3) x gravitational field strength (N/kg)
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10
Q

What is upthrust?

A
  • A force that pushes upwards on an object submerged in water
  • It is always in the opposite direction to the object’s weight
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11
Q

What is the size of upthrust dependent on?

A
  • The density of the fluid
  • The volume of fluid displaced
  • The greater the density of the liquid, the greater the upthrust will be
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12
Q

What causes upthrust?

A
  • The difference in pressure between the top and bottom of the object
  • The pressure on the bottom of the object is greater than the pressure on the top of the object
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13
Q

How is it decided whether an object will float or sink in a liquid?

A
  • If the upthrust is greater than or equal to the object weight, it will float. Otherwise, it will sink
  • If the object is more dense than the liquid it is in, it will sink
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