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Peds Test 1 > Preschoolers/school age > Flashcards

Preschoolers/school age Flashcards

0
Q

What does growth and development do with preschoolers

A

Really slows down

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1
Q

Age of preschoolers

A

3-5

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2
Q

Does a preschooler consider perineal care or head assessment more invasive

A

Head assessment

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3
Q

Height of preschooler

A

Half of adult

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4
Q

Growth during preschool years

A

Stabilizes and slows, become slender, lose toddler belly, height 1/2 of adult

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5
Q

Vision at 3 years

A

20/80

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6
Q

Vision at 5 years

A

20/40

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7
Q

Is it abnormal at a kindergarten screening for vision of a child to be 20/40?

A

No it should be 20/40 you will not see 20/20 until age of 7

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8
Q

Vision approximates 20/20 around when

A

7 years

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9
Q

Fine motor skill a 3 year old can do

A

Draw a stick figure

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10
Q

Fine motor skill a 5 year old can do

A

Can draw body parts (ovals to present parts)

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11
Q

Gross motor skill a 3 year old can do

A

Pedal a tricycle

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12
Q

Gross motor skill a 4 year old can do

A

Hop/skip

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13
Q

Gross motor skill a 5 year old can do

A

Jump rope. Can jump up and down on one foot

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14
Q

What goes a child have to be able to do in order to ride a two wheel bike

A

Balance

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15
Q

How can a child practice to learn to ride a bike without ever getting on one

A

Practice balancing on one foot

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16
Q

Developmentally when can children work in groups

A

At the age of 3; that’s why you see them going to preschool at 3

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17
Q

Social aspect of preschoolers

A

Begin to “interact” play with each other not just along side, may see stranger anxiety again

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18
Q

How do kids develop gender stereotypes

A

On their own

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19
Q

Body image in preschoolers

A

Differences in boys/girls, dress up and pretend, imaginative play

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20
Q

When does child use full sentences

A

5 years

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21
Q

How many word sentences does a 3-4 year old use

A

3-4 word sentences

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22
Q

When could a stranger understands a child speech

A

5

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23
Q

What should you do if child is stuttering

A

Best to ignore it and restate words. You don’t want to point it out because it can come behavioral and they will be afraid to speak out loud

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24
Q

Why does stuttering happen

A

Thinking much quicker than words can come out

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25
Q

What is the earliest age you would send a child to speech therapy for articulation issues

A

1st-2nd grade

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26
Q

When does the American Academy say the first dentist visit should be

A

Emergence of first tooth or 1 year of age..rarely see this in practice!!

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27
Q

When is the first dental visit usually

A

3 years

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28
Q

Important dental things in preschoolers

A

Independent brushers with supervision, using toothpaste( don’t want them to swallow), beginning to use floss

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29
Q

Nutrition in toddlers

A

Eat what they want when they want, strong taste preferences, low fat milk, balanced diet

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30
Q

What should you try not to use food as

A

A reward

31
Q

How much sleep should preschoolers get

A

12 hours per day

32
Q

What are some things that can help decease night terrors

A

If you wake a child up 45 min to 1 hour after they fall asleep (1st or 2nd cycle) it can help

33
Q

Can you rationalize with a child having a night terror

A

No

34
Q

What discipline method becomes effective with preschoolers

A

Time out

35
Q

What do some parents need to hear from nurse about discipline

A

It is still ok to have limits you have at home (talking back,bedtime,food). **consistent fair discipline

36
Q

How long should a 3 year old sit in time out

A

3 minutes

37
Q

What is play like in preschool

A

Associative, imaginative, and dramatic

38
Q

Is preschool more about individual or group experience

A

Group experiences

39
Q

If there is a family history of cholesterol when does the American academy recommend screening for cholesterol in the child

A

10

40
Q

Why is urinalysis used in preschoolers for illness prevention

A

Check for blood sugar protein

41
Q

What should you see/do/talk about at 3 year old visit

A

Visit dentist, pedals tricycle/bike, immunizations/screening, BP, UA

42
Q

What should you see/do/talk about at 4 year old visit

A

Hops on one foot, draws person, fire safety, gun safety, preschool, immunizations/screening

43
Q

What should you see/do/talk about at 5 year old visit

A

Counts, prints, plays make believe, personal hygiene, chores, anger management, kindergarten readiness, immunizations/screenings

44
Q

When can kindergarten shots be given

A

Between the ages of 4-6

45
Q

Does a child that doesn’t meet kindergarten readiness guidelines but is the appropriate age have to stay out of kindergarten?

A

No! If they are age ready they can go to school even if they don’t know things

46
Q

By what age does parent need to say if the are going to be homeschooled or school setting

A

By 6

47
Q

Age of school age kids

A

6-12

48
Q

Average growth in school age kids

A

2 inch (5cm)

49
Q

How much weight do school she kids gain per year

A

4-6 lbs/year

50
Q

Physical development in school agers

A

Skeletal lengthening, fat distribution, increased muscle strength, pubertal changes, eruption of permanent teeth

51
Q

What psychosexual stage is a school age kid in?

A

Freud. Period of latency (sexual tranquility)

52
Q

What psychosocial stage are school age kids in

A

Erikson. Industry vs. inferiority. Sense of personal competence and increased independence

53
Q

What cognitive stage are school age kids in

A

Piaget. Concrete operations. Capable of logical thought process and less egocentric

54
Q

Concepts of concrete operations

A

Conservation, reversibility, decentration, classification, ability to read

55
Q

When do kids usually have ability to read

A

By the time they are done with kindergarten

56
Q

How old are kids usually when they understand if somebody dies they aren’t going to be here anymore, but don’t understand if you say heaven or hell

A

8-9

57
Q

Language development in school age kids

A

More complex grammar, increased word usage, appreciation of jokes/puns

58
Q

Social development in school age kids

A

Begin to separate from family, relationships with other adults, identification with peers, gender stereotyping, clubs/peer groups

59
Q

Should you be concerned if kid has no interest

A

Yes, could be a sign something else is going on with kid

60
Q

When is gender specific sex education usually

A

5th grade

61
Q

When do kids learn opposite sex sex education

A

6th grade

62
Q

Should you make up names for kids to call private parts?

A

No. You should tell them what they really are, use the words penis and vagina

63
Q

Parenting of the school ager

A

Discipline, limit setting, experience new freedoms

64
Q

What age should you initiate self care with chronically ill

A

School age

65
Q

Why do you want to let the school age child start to take care of their chronic illness themselves?

A

Because a chronically ill teenager will rebel if they don’t learn in childhood/school age

66
Q

Developmental red flags at 6 years of age

A

Problems with peers, flat affect, school problems, excess tv watching, language intelligible, unable to copy, unable to catch ball

67
Q

Developmental red flags at 8 years of age

A

Lack of hobbies/best friend, cruelty to animals, interest in fire setting, unable to add/subtract, unable to read simple words, unable to print name, unable to walk a straight line

68
Q

Developmental red flags at 10 years of age

A

Lack of extracurricular activities, poor peer influence, lack of operational thinking, problems with reading/math, problems throwing/catching

69
Q

Developmental red flags at 12 years of age

A

Risk taking behaviors, problems with sexuality, difficulty with school work, problems following instructions, unable to list strengths

70
Q

You ask a 12 year old “Tell me something you are really good at?” Should you care if they can’t?

A

Yes this should be a red flag

71
Q

How much sleep do school age kids need

A

8-12 hours/night- variable

72
Q

How much physical activity each day do school age kids need

A

60 minutes

73
Q

How much screen time should school agers have per day

A

No more than 60 min/day

74
Q

School phobia/refusal

A

Heightened form of anxiety, usually separation anxiety, may have multiple somatic complaints, need physical

75
Q

Management of school phobia

A

Diary, encourage attendance, psychiatric care, assess home situation

76
Q

How do you get a kid to go back to school once they have been in hospital for a long period of time

A

Half days, going for visit, find one kid that will make the patient more comfortable

Peds Test 1 (8 decks)

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