prenatal development Flashcards
what is phenotype made of
genotype
environment and interaction
teratogen
environmental agent that causes harm to the embryo or fetus
phases of human organism development
germinal [fertilization and implantation period]
embryonic period
fetal period
how does teratogen affect the baby
when introduced at pre-embryonic stage death of embryo is possible
at embryonic stage the embryo is susceptible to influence of teratogen
at fetal period teratogen introduced result in minor anomalies and functional defects
what happen in embryonic period
it is week 3 to 8
endoderm [digestive and respiratory system develop]
ectoderm [ nervous and sensory receptors and skin features]
and mesoderm [ circulatory, muscles, bones, excretory and reproductive]
in which period does the fetus experience rapid body growth
fetal period which is week 9 to birth
what are recreational drugs
they serve no medical purpose
alcohol cocaine
fetal alcohol spectrum disorders include what
fetal alcohol syndrome
alcohol related neurodevelopmental disorders
alcohol related birth defects
what does alcohol cause in neonatal period
it may cause neonatal abstinence syndrome [NAS]
from few hrs after birth to 14 days most onset at 72 hrs
what does cocaine do
damage fetal brain
babies have poor sucking ability
attention span reduced
sudden infant death
slow growth rate
what does tobacco do
produce CO which interfere with hemoglobin
has nicotine which contribute to fetal hypoxia
prescriptive drugs
these drugs can affect the mother +vly and fetus -vly
maternal diseases
a host maternal disease can exert influence on developing fetus
example viral diseases like HIV
parasitic diseases like toxoplasmosis
hematologic Rh
endocrine diabetes
erythroblastosis fetalis
also known as congenital hemolytic disease characterized by
anemia, immature blood cells edema and Jaundice
genetic disorders influencing motor development
down syndrome
phenylketonuria
cystic fibrosis
sickle cell
fragile X syndrome
