Prenatal Care Flashcards
What can lead to false positives on ovulation kits?
- fertility meds
- PCOS
- menopause
- pregnancy
How long after implantation does it take for a store-bought pregnancy test to be positive?
10-12 days
When should you take a pregnancy test for the most accurate result?
early in the morning
When should a women start receiving preconception care?
All health encounters during a woman’s reproductive years
What vaccines are recommended prior to conception?
- Hepatitis B (not previously vax)
- MMR booster if needed (NOT while preg)
What drug may be adjusted in response to pregnancy?
may need to increase synthroid during pregnancy and decrease after birth
What carrier screenings are available before conception?
- CF
- spinal muscular atrophy
- CBC (thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies)
- Fragile X syndrome
- Tay-Sachs
What are the complications with an overweight mother?
- HTN
- DM
- C-sections
- VTE
- delivery complications
What are the complications with an overweight baby?
- neural tube defects
- excessively large baby
- low Apgar score
- childhood obesity
What are the complications with an underweight mother?
- preterm birth
- low birth weight
- abdominal wall defect
What kinds of seafood is recommended during pregnancy to provide long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids?
fish low in mercury
1. shrimp
2. canned light tuna
3. salmon
4. catfish
What foods should be avoided in pregnancy?
- unpasteurized cheese (feta, brie, queso blanco)
- raw eggs (caesar dressing)
- ready to eat meats (deli/ hot dogs)
- uncooked foods (sushi)
- aspartame/artificial sweetners
What are the complications of listeria?
- preterm labor
- Spontaneous abortion
- stillbirth
- neonatal sepsis syndrome
What dose of DHA is recommended to help fetal brain development?
200-300 mg/day
What supplements should be considered in vegetarians?
- Ca
- B12
What is the recommended daily allowance of iron?
27mg
What is the recommended daily allowance of iron during pregnancy?
27-30 mg/day elemantal iron
What are SEs with iron?
- N/V/D
- constipation
- Ca (elemental and dietary) can interfere with absorption
Why did the FDA mandate manufacturers to add folate to grain products?
prevent neural tube defects
When does spina bifida usually occur?
21-28 days following conception
What is the recommended daily intake of folic acid in child bearing women?
- 400mcg-1mg of folic acid/day with supplements and food for at least 1-3 months PRIOR to pregnancy
- 4-5mg in high risk (post bariatric surgery)
When is Ca supplementation most critical in pregnancy?
last trimester
What are SEs of low Ca?
tingling in the fingers, hands, around the mouth, muscle weakness, involuntary contraction of muscles
How much daily Ca is recommended for ages 14-18?
1,300mg
How much daily Ca is recommended for ages 19-50?
1,000mg
How long should bariatric patients wait to conceive?
12-24 months after surgery
What Ca supplement is best for bariatric patients?
Ca citrate
What exercises are recommended in pregnancy to obese patients?
walking, swimming, low-impact aerobics, yoga
How many extra calories per day are recommended during preg?
200 cal/day
What is the optimal timing to get the Tdap during pregnancy?
27-37 weeks gestation with each pregnancy
When should the Tdap vaccine be given to other people around baby?
2 weeks prior to contact
What is the role of the pharmacist in prenatal care?
- importance of folic acid
- importance of prenatal vit
- counseling on testing devices
- medication evaluation
- lifestyle counseling
- vax
How much DHA is recommended daily?
300-600 mg per day for at least 6 weeks before conception and throughout pregnancy
