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Special Populations > Prenatal Care > Flashcards

Prenatal Care Flashcards

1
Q

What can lead to false positives on ovulation kits?

A
  1. fertility meds
  2. PCOS
  3. menopause
  4. pregnancy
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2
Q

How long after implantation does it take for a store-bought pregnancy test to be positive?

A

10-12 days

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3
Q

When should you take a pregnancy test for the most accurate result?

A

early in the morning

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4
Q

When should a women start receiving preconception care?

A

All health encounters during a woman’s reproductive years

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5
Q

What vaccines are recommended prior to conception?

A
  1. Hepatitis B (not previously vax)
  2. MMR booster if needed (NOT while preg)
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6
Q

What drug may be adjusted in response to pregnancy?

A

may need to increase synthroid during pregnancy and decrease after birth

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7
Q

What carrier screenings are available before conception?

A
  1. CF
  2. spinal muscular atrophy
  3. CBC (thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies)
  4. Fragile X syndrome
  5. Tay-Sachs
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8
Q

What are the complications with an overweight mother?

A
  1. HTN
  2. DM
  3. C-sections
  4. VTE
  5. delivery complications
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9
Q

What are the complications with an overweight baby?

A
  1. neural tube defects
  2. excessively large baby
  3. low Apgar score
  4. childhood obesity
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10
Q

What are the complications with an underweight mother?

A
  1. preterm birth
  2. low birth weight
  3. abdominal wall defect
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11
Q

What kinds of seafood is recommended during pregnancy to provide long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids?

A

fish low in mercury
1. shrimp
2. canned light tuna
3. salmon
4. catfish

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12
Q

What foods should be avoided in pregnancy?

A
  1. unpasteurized cheese (feta, brie, queso blanco)
  2. raw eggs (caesar dressing)
  3. ready to eat meats (deli/ hot dogs)
  4. uncooked foods (sushi)
  5. aspartame/artificial sweetners
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13
Q

What are the complications of listeria?

A
  1. preterm labor
  2. Spontaneous abortion
  3. stillbirth
  4. neonatal sepsis syndrome
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14
Q

What dose of DHA is recommended to help fetal brain development?

A

200-300 mg/day

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15
Q

What supplements should be considered in vegetarians?

A
  1. Ca
  2. B12
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16
Q

What is the recommended daily allowance of iron?

A

27mg

17
Q

What is the recommended daily allowance of iron during pregnancy?

A

27-30 mg/day elemantal iron

18
Q

What are SEs with iron?

A
  1. N/V/D
  2. constipation
  3. Ca (elemental and dietary) can interfere with absorption
19
Q

Why did the FDA mandate manufacturers to add folate to grain products?

A

prevent neural tube defects

20
Q

When does spina bifida usually occur?

A

21-28 days following conception

21
Q

What is the recommended daily intake of folic acid in child bearing women?

A
  1. 400mcg-1mg of folic acid/day with supplements and food for at least 1-3 months PRIOR to pregnancy
  2. 4-5mg in high risk (post bariatric surgery)
22
Q

When is Ca supplementation most critical in pregnancy?

A

last trimester

23
Q

What are SEs of low Ca?

A

tingling in the fingers, hands, around the mouth, muscle weakness, involuntary contraction of muscles

24
Q

How much daily Ca is recommended for ages 14-18?

A

1,300mg

25
Q

How much daily Ca is recommended for ages 19-50?

A

1,000mg

26
Q

How long should bariatric patients wait to conceive?

A

12-24 months after surgery

27
Q

What Ca supplement is best for bariatric patients?

A

Ca citrate

28
Q

What exercises are recommended in pregnancy to obese patients?

A

walking, swimming, low-impact aerobics, yoga

29
Q

How many extra calories per day are recommended during preg?

A

200 cal/day

30
Q

What is the optimal timing to get the Tdap during pregnancy?

A

27-37 weeks gestation with each pregnancy

31
Q

When should the Tdap vaccine be given to other people around baby?

A

2 weeks prior to contact

32
Q

What is the role of the pharmacist in prenatal care?

A
  1. importance of folic acid
  2. importance of prenatal vit
  3. counseling on testing devices
  4. medication evaluation
  5. lifestyle counseling
  6. vax
33
Q

How much DHA is recommended daily?

A

300-600 mg per day for at least 6 weeks before conception and throughout pregnancy

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