(Prelims) MedOrg Exam Pt.4

Question 1

Isolated and separated a new glycoside from Digitalis purpurea

Answer 1

Syndey Smith

Take note:
- William withering discovered the plant, but Syndey Smith ISOLATED the glycoside from the plant

Question 2

Refers to heart contraction, strength of heartbeat

Answer 2

Inotropic

Question 2

Difference between Digoxin and Digitoxin

Answer 2

Digoxin has -OH group = Water Soluble -> Hydrophilic, so easily excreted

Digitoxin has NO -OH group = Very Toxic

Question 2

Digoxin is used to treat what?

Answer 2

Edema/Dropsy
(swelling under the skin)

Question 2

Digoxin is used as?

Answer 2

Positive inotropic and Negative chronotropic

Question 2

Refers to heart rate, how fast heart beats

Answer 2

Chronotropic

Question 3

True or False

Digoxin can be used for Heart Failure

Answer 3

True

Question 3

A key enzyme in the production of cholesterol

Answer 3

HMG-CoA (Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzymeA)

Question 3

known for discovering Statins

Answer 3

Akira Erdo

Question 4

one of the cornerstones in prevention of both primary & secondary heart diseases

Answer 4

Statins

Question 5

Potent inhibitor of the enzyme needed to make cholesterol

Answer 5

Compactin

from the mold: Penicillium citrinum

Question 6

First FDA-approved Statin

Answer 6

Lovastatin (Mevacor)

Question 7

Lovastatin was discovered by?

Answer 7

Merck

Question 8

Sankyo gave up on compactin and made another statin sold as?

Answer 8

Pravachol

Question 9

makes the cell grow, grow, and grow but not divide

Answer 9

Cancer

Question 10

How ios Sulfur mustard gas toxic?

Answer 10

it destroyed white blood cells, this then led to the discovery of drugs in leukemia therapy

Question 10

offensive weapon during World War I

Answer 10

Sulfur mustard gas

Question 11

True or False:

Effective antitumor agents were widely used as it was not toxic

Answer 11

False

Effective antitumor agents were VERY TOXIC

Question 12

First effective leukemia drug

Answer 12

6-mercaptopurine

Question 13

6-mercaptopurine was discovered by?

Answer 13

George Hitchings & Gertrude Elion

Question 14

Inorganic molecule that works by interfering with the growth of cancer cells by binding to DNA & interfering with cells’ repair mechanism eventually causing cell death

Answer 14

Cisplatin

Question 15

Cisplatin is considered now as the ___ ________ which new medicines are now compared

Answer 15

Gold Standard

Question 16

Isolated from extracts of the bark of Pacific yew tree, Taxus brevifolia

Answer 16

Paclitaxel (Taxol)

Question 17

Paclitaxel was discovered by?

Answer 17

Monroe E. Wall & Masukh C. Wani