(Prelims) MedOrg Exam

Question 1

Act of removing or adding a functional group to a parent drug

Answer 1

Chemical Modification

Question 2

where drug started

Answer 2

Antiquity

Question 3

The father of Chinese Medicine

Answer 3

Shen Nung

Question 4

Pharmacopeia of Shen Nung

Answer 4

Pen Tsao

Question 5

AC of Ma Huang

Answer 5

Ephedrine

Question 6

Use of Ephedrine before & its use now

Answer 6

Vasoconstrictor

It is now a CONTROLLED DRUG, and is used as a Bronchodilator

Question 7

Use of Chaulmoogra fruit (seeds)

Answer 7

Treatment for Skin Conditions

Question 8

AC and use of Ipecacuanha (roots)

Answer 8

AC: Emetine
Treatment for dysentery and still used for amebiasis

Question 9

AC and use of Mushrooms

Answer 9

AC: Tryptamine
Use: Hallucinogens

Question 10

Emphasis of 19th Century in terms of pharma shit

Answer 10

Identifying the Active ingredient in plants

Shifted from new medicaments to finding the active ingredients

Question 11

What compounds were used in the middle ages for the treatment of disease?

Answer 11

Inorganic compounds and chemicals

Question 12

Who synthesized Acetic Acid

Answer 12

Adolph Kobe

(A)cetic Acid
(A)dolph Kobe

Question 13

Who synthesized Methane?

Answer 13

Pierre Berthelot

Question 14

Who isolated Morphine?

Answer 14

Friedrich Serturner

Question 15

Who isolated Emetine? and what plant is it from

Answer 15

Pierre Joseph Pelletier
(from Ipecacuanha)

He also discovered:
- Caffeine
- Quinine
- Colchicine

Question 16

Use of these each:
- Caffeine
- Quinine
- Colchicine

Answer 16

• Caffeine -> Stimulant
• Quinine -> Antimalarial
• Colchicine -> Acute gout attacks

Question 17

Who isolated Digoxin? and what is its use

Answer 17

William Withering
Use: For Edema

from Digitalis

Question 18

Who isolated cocaine?

Answer 18

Albert Nieman

Question 19

Albert Nieman isolated and discovered what? and what are its uses? and what is its botanical source?

Answer 19

• Cocaine (Erthyocylon coca) -> Local anesthetic
• Physostigmine (Calabar bean) -> Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Question 20

What is the focus of the 20th Century and pharma industry

Answer 20

Discovery and usage of Synthetic chemotherapeutic agents (but not limited to this)
- Antiviral, antimicrobial, antiprotozoal

Question 21

BN of Red Dyestuff

Answer 21

Prontosil
(2,4-diaminoazobenzene-4-sulfonamide)
> Reported by Gerhard Domagk

Question 21

Because of this drug, this is where the study of chemotherapeutic agent started, and what is its use

Answer 21

Prontosil

Use: Cured dangerous systemic GP bacterial infections in man and animals

Question 22

Used when hyper/overactive

Answer 22

Depressants

Question 22

Penicillin was discovered by who and was subsequently examined by?

Answer 22

Discoverer: Alexander Fleming
Subsequent Examination: Howard Florey and Ernst Chain

Question 22

Used when depressed

Answer 22

Stimulants

Question 23

Drugs of Abuse: List down its other names: 1. Methamphetamine 2. Marijuana 3. Heroin 4. Cocaine

Answer 23

1. Methamphetamine - Crystal 2. Marijuana - Pot, Weed, Cannabis, Skunk 3. Heroin - Black Tar 4. Cocaine - Coke, Crack

Question 24

Treatment of Depression

Answer 24

Antidepressant

Question 25

What causes depression

Answer 25

Lack of neurotransmitters

Question 26

Combining MAO inhibitors with cheese will cause what?

Answer 26

Increase blood pressure leading to hypertension

Question 27

Isoniazid is a treatment for?

Answer 27

TB

Question 28

Isopropyl congener of Isoniazid

Answer 28

Iproniazid

Question 29

Use of iproniazid

Answer 29

MAO Inhibitor

Question 30

Discovery of Iproniazid led to discovery of what?

Answer 30

1. Phenelzine (Nardil) 2. Tranylcypromine (Parnate)

Question 31

MOA of Tricyclic Antidepressant

Answer 31

Inhibit reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine

Question 32

SSRI is more prescribed compared to TCA because?

Answer 32

Because of its Side effects, wherein SSRI is used as a first line drug for depression (SSRI: Selective-Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor)

Question 33

A process in which neurotransmitter after binding will return to its original neuron

Answer 33

Reuptake

Question 34

Inhibits all other neurotransmitters except for Serotonin

Answer 34

SSRI

Question 35

Serotonin is used as a?

Answer 35

Mood regulator

Question 36

Drugs used for the treatment of Anxiety

Answer 36

Anti-anxiety/Anxiolytic agents

Question 37

Give 3 Examples of Anxiolytic agents

Answer 37

Benzodiazepines (Librium), Diazepam (Valium), Carbamate (Miltown)

Question 38

There was a need for drugs of greater selectivity in the treatment of anxiety because of the side effects often encountered with _________

Answer 38

Phenothiazines

Question 39

5-10x more potent than Chlordiazepoxide

Answer 39

Diazepam (Valium)

Question 40

Synthesized 40 compounds disappointing in pharmacologic tests

Answer 40

Leo Sternback

Question 41

Found during cleanup by L.O. Randall

Answer 41

Chlordiazepoxide