Prelim | L2: Determining Surface Landmarks for Respiratory System Imperarive for Radiography Flashcards
Other term for Sternal angle
angle of Louis
Describe how you can determine the sternal angle from the hollow curve on your neck
Suprasternal notch - 5cm down - Ridge joining the manubrium to body of sternum
Locate the intercostal spaces from the angle of louis
Move laterally - adjacent 2nd rib and costal cartilage - walk down the interspaces one space at a time on an oblique line
Usually the most protruding process once the neck is flexed forward
C7 (usually) and T1
At what area is the inferior angle of scapula usually located?
7th rib
Vertical axis of the chest
- Sternal angle
- Intercostal spaces
- Spinous process
- Inferior angle of the scapula
What lines are included when talking about the circumference of the chest?
- Midsternal and vertebral line
- Midclavicular line
- Anterior and Posterior Axillary Lines
- Midadillary Line
- Scapular Line
Two precise lines on the chest
Misternal and vertebral line
Line that drops vertically from the midpoint of each clavicle, identified by the manubrial and acromial end of the clavicle
Midclavicular line
Line that drops vertically from the anterior and posterior axillary folds respectively
Anterior and posterior axillary lines
Line that drops from the apex of the axilla, or between the anterior and posterior axilllary lines
Midaxillary Line
Line from the shoulder and drops from the inferior angle of the scapula
Scapular line
Anteriorly, the apex of the lungs rises about (1) above the (2) of the clavicle
- 2cm to 4cm
- inner third
Anteriorly, the lower border of the lung crosses the (1a) at the (1b), and the (2a) at the (2b)
1a. 6th rib
1b. midclavicular line
2a. 8th rib
2b. midaxillary line
Posteriorly, the lower border of the lung lies at about the level of the (1) spinous process. On (2), it descends farther
- T10
- inspiration
Each lung is divided roughly in half by a/an —
oblique (major) fissure
The oblique (major) fissure may be approximated by a string that runs from the (1) obliquely down and around the (2) to the (3).
- T3
- chest
- 6th rib at the midclavicular line
The right lung is further divided by the (1). Anteriorly, this fissure runs close to the (2) and meets the (3) in the (4) near the (5)
- horizontal (minor) fissure
- 4th rib
- oblique fissure
- midaxillary line
- 5th rib
Tapping finger
Plexor
When percussing the —, stand somewhat to the side rather than directly behind the subject.
lower posterior chest
Five percussion notes
Flatness
Dullness
Resonance
Tympany
Hyperresonance
Relative intensity, relative pitch, and relative duration of flatness
Relative intensity: Soft
Relative pitch: High
Relative duration: Short
Relative intensity, relative pitch, and relative duration of dullness
Relative intensity: Medium
Relative pitch: Medium
Relative duration: Medium
Relative intensity, relative pitch, and relative duration of resonance
Relative intensity: Loud
Relative pitch: Low
Relative duration: Long
Relative intensity, relative pitch, and relative duration of tympany
Relative intensity: Loud
Relative pitch: High
Relative duration: —
Relative intensity, relative pitch, and relative duration of Hyperresonance
Relative intensity: Very loud
Relative pitch: Lower
Relative duration: —
Flatness example of location
Thigh
Dullness example location
Liver
Resonance example location
Normal lung
Tympany example location
Gastric air bubble of puffed-out cheek
Hyperresonance example location
None normal lung (pneumothorax/ emphysema)
