PRELIM 04 - Studying Microorganisms in the Living State

Question 1

Swedish physician, botanist, and zoologist who created a new system of classification for all living things

Answer 1

Carl Linnaeus

Question 2

Carl Linnaeus’ first attempt at classifying plants and animals was published in 1735 as __________

Answer 2

Systema Naturae

Question 3

In the 18th century, Carl Linnaeus divided nature into 3 kingdoms, __________, __________, and _________

Answer 3

Regnum Animale (Animal kingdom), Regnum Vegetabile (Plant kingdom), Regnum Lapideum (Mineral kingdom)

Question 4

He proposed a third kingdom of life, Protista, and included all unicellular organisms in it

Answer 4

Ernst Haeckel

Question 5

He proposed the 5th kingdom, fungi

Answer 5

Robert Whittaker

Question 6

Refers to organisms that makes its own food

Answer 6

Autotrophic

Question 7

Refers to organisms that feed on other living things

Answer 7

Heterotrophic

Question 8

Are organisms having only one cell

Answer 8

Unicellular

Question 9

Are organisms having two or more cells

Answer 9

Multicellular

Question 10

Are organisms that needs oxygen

Answer 10

Aerobic

Question 11

Are organisms that does not use oxygen

Answer 11

Anaerobic

Question 12

The most evolved kingdom; are multi-celled, heterotrophic eukaryotes with aerobic respiration, sexual reproduction, and the ability to move

Answer 12

Kingdom Animalia

Question 13

2 large groups of kingdom Animalia

Answer 13

Vertebrates, Invertebrates

Question 14

One of the oldest kingdoms; characterized by its immobile, multicellular, and eukaryotic nature

Answer 14

Kingdom Plantae

Question 15

Kingdom that includes multicellular aerobic heterotrophic eukaryotes; have chitin in their cell walls

Answer 15

Kingdom Fungi

Question 16

Kingdom that is the most primitive of all the eukaryotes; includes those eukaryotic organisms that are not deemed to be animals, plants, or fungi

Answer 16

Kingdom Protista

Question 17

Means that it contains the common ancestor but not all its descendants

Answer 17

Paraphyletic

Question 18

Kingdom that includes microscopic living things and groups together the prokaryotes; present in all habitats and is made up of single-cell things with no defined nucleus

Answer 18

Kingdom Monera

Question 19

2 ways to prepare samples

Answer 19

Wet mount technique, Hanging drop technique

Question 20

The random movement exhibited by particles suspended in liquids due to the bombardment of water molecules

Answer 20

Brownian motion

Question 21

An independent movement brought about by different mechanisms of self-propulsion

Answer 21

True motility

Question 22

Technique where the specimen is placed directly on the slide

Answer 22

Dry mount technique

Question 23

Technique where the sample is smeared across the slide and allowed to dry

Answer 23

Smear slide technique

Question 24

Technique that involves taking the smallest possible piece of the material you want to examine, placing it on a slide with some fluid, then placing the coverslip on top

Answer 24

Squash slides technique

Question 25

Technique used to enhance the contrast in a microscopic image

Answer 25

Staining technique

Question 26

Paramecium, Vorticella, Euglena, Rotifer, Stentor, and Amoeba are all organisms in __________

Answer 26

Pond water

Question 27

Colpidium spp and Tetrahymena spp are all organisms in __________

Answer 27

Hay infusion

Question 28

Appendage found in paramecium used for motility

Answer 28

Cilia

Question 29

Appendage found in amoeba used for motility

Answer 29

Pseudopod

Question 30

Appendage found in euglena used for motility

Answer 30

Flagellum

Question 31

Are assemblages of bacterial cells attached to a surface and enclosed in an adhesive matrix that is the product of excretion by cells and cell death

Answer 31

Biofilms

Question 32

4 stages of biofilm formation

Answer 32

Attachment, Growth, Maturation, Detachment

Question 33

Turbatrix aceti (Vinegar eels) and Acetobacter aceti are all organisms found in __________

Answer 33

Vinegar

Question 34

The source of energy used by yeast

Answer 34

Sugar

Question 35

Yeast breaks down sugar to __________ and __________

Answer 35

Ethanol, Carbon dioxide

Question 36

Process that refers to the breakdown of sugar to ethanol and carbon dioxide; involved in the production of bread, beer, and wine

Answer 36

Fermentation

Question 37

Rhizopius sporangia, Mucor, Aspergillus, and Penicillin are all organisms found in __________

Answer 37

Mouldy bread

Question 38

Paramecium is found in __________

Answer 38

Pond water, Hay infusion

Question 39

Euglena is found in __________

Answer 39

Pond water

Question 40

Rotifer is found in __________

Answer 40

Pond water, Hay infusion

Question 41

Stentor is found in __________

Answer 41

Pond water

Question 42

Amoeba is found in __________

Answer 42

Pond water

Question 43

Vorticella is found in __________

Answer 43

Pond water

Question 44

Colpidium is found in __________

Answer 44

Hay infusion

Question 45

Tetrahymena is found in __________

Answer 45

Hay infusion

Question 46

Turbatrix aceti (Vinegar eels) are present in __________

Answer 46

Vinegar

Question 47

Acetobacter aceti is found in __________

Answer 47

Vinegar

Question 48

Rhizopus sporangia is found in __________

Answer 48

Mouldy bread

Question 49

Mucor is found in __________

Answer 49

Mouldy bread

Question 50

Aspergillus is found in __________

Answer 50

Mouldy bread

Question 51

Penicillin is found in __________

Answer 51

Mouldy bread

Question 52

Proponent of the three domain classification system

Answer 52

Carl Woese

Question 53

Proposed the four kingdom system, which includes Plantae, Animalia, Protista, and Monera

Answer 53

Copeland

Question 54

Proposed the two empires and four kingdoms system

Answer 54

Edouard Chatton

Question 55

Proponent of the two kingdom system, bacteria and eukarya

Answer 55

Thomas Cavalier-Smith