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PH 111.1 - Pharmacognosy & Plant Chemistry (Lab) > PRELIM 02 - Sugars and Sugar-Containing Drugs > Flashcards

PRELIM 02 - Sugars and Sugar-Containing Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Also known as saccharum or sugar; used in making syrups, demulcent, and nutrient (Examples of sugars)

A

Sucrose

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2
Q

Sucrose is also known as __________ or __________ (SS)

A

Saccharum, Sugar

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3
Q

Sucrose is obtained from __________, __________, ____________ (SBA)

A

Saccharum officinarum L., Beta vulgaris L., Acer saccharum

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4
Q

Family of Saccharum officinarum

A

Graminaceae

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5
Q

Family of Beta vulgaris

A

Chenopodiaceae

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6
Q

Saccharum officinarum is also known as __________

A

Sugar cane

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7
Q

Beta vulgaris is also known as __________

A

Sugar beet

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8
Q

Family of Acer saccharum

A

Aceraceae

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9
Q

Beets that are sliced into small, limp slivers

A

Cossettes

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10
Q

Residual dark colored syrup made after complete crystallization of sucrose

A

Molasses

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11
Q

Also known as grape sugar; obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of starch (Examples of sugars)

A

Dextrose

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12
Q

Dextrose is also known as __________ or __________ (GD)

A

Grape sugar, D-glucose

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13
Q

A crystalline dextrose monohydrate that has undergone a less rigorous purification (Examples of sugars)

A

Dextrose excipient

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14
Q

A purified mixture of saccharides that contains not less than 95% dextrose

A

Dextrates

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15
Q

Dextrates contain not less than __________% dextrose

A

95%

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16
Q

Made from the incomplete hydrolysis of starch; is a colorless or yellowish, thick, syrupy, liquid (Examples of sugars)

A

Liquid glucose

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17
Q

In making liquid glucose, the washed starch is mixed with diluted HCl and reacted for __________ minutes at __________ lbs pressure

A

22 minutes, 30 lbs pressure

18
Q

The calcium salt of gluconic acid; used as an electrolyte replenisher (Examples of sugars)

A

Calcium gluconate

19
Q

The ferrous salt of gluconic acid; used as a hematinic (Examples of sugars)

A

Ferrous gluconate

20
Q

Prophylactic dose of ferrous gluconate

A

325 mg/day

21
Q

Therapeutic dose of ferrous gluconate

A

325 mg 4x a day

22
Q

Used as a food for diabetics, infant feeding formulas, and electrolyte; a ketone sugar that occurs in most sweet fruits and in honey (Examples of sugars)

23
Q

Fructose is also known as __________ or __________ (LF)

A

Levulose, Fruit sugar

24
Q

Also known as milk sugar; is used as a tablet diluent, a nutrient, in infant’s food, and establishing intestinal microflora (Examples of sugars)

25
Q

Lactose is also known as __________

A

Milk sugar

26
Q

Lactose is present in the milk of __________ (Fam: Bovidae)

A

Bos taurus

27
Q

Family of Bos taurus

28
Q

Upon hydrolysis, lactose yields __________ and __________ (DD)

A

D-glucose, D-galactose

29
Q

Lactose is hydrolyzed by the enzyme __________

30
Q

__________ ‭→ stand ‭→ butter (Types of milk)

A

Whole milk

31
Q

__________ → churn → cream (Types of milk)

A

Buttermilk

32
Q

__________ → rennin → coagulation (Types of milk)

A

Skimmed milk

33
Q

__________ is the liquid separated from coagulum (Types of milk)

34
Q

__________ is prepared by the partial evaporation of milk in a vacuum (Types of milk)

A

Condensed milk

35
Q

A semi-synthetic sugar prepared by the alkaline rearrangement of lactose; used for chronic constipation and to decreased blood-ammonia concentration (Examples of sugars)

36
Q

Lactose yields __________ and __________ upon hydrolysis (FG)

A

Fructose, Galactose

37
Q

Dose for lactulose used to treat chronic constipation

A

10-20 g/day

38
Q

Used as a diagnostic agent to evaluate intestinal absorption; a pentose obtained by boiling corn cobs (Examples of sugars)

39
Q

Xylose is also known as __________ or __________ (WD)

A

Wood sugar, D-xylose

40
Q

Celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, Pellagra, Radiation enteritis, and surgical resection are diseases that result to the presence of xylose in __________

PH 111.1 - Pharmacognosy & Plant Chemistry (Lab) (6 decks)

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