prelab quiz 5 Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of DNA barcoding?
detection of food fraud
identifying potential biological contraband
identifying new species
determination of the age of a new species
determination of the age of a new species
Which is NOT a reason that makes the CO1 gene an ideal barcoding gene?
it displays low divergence between species and high level of divergence within species
it is a mitochondrial gene, so it has a large copies per cell so easily amplified
it is a short and highly variably region of the genome
It’s present in many living things
it displays low divergence between species and high level of divergence within species
DNA barcoding uses universal barcodes that allow us to obtain the identity of many species
True False
false (there is no universal barcode)
The correct sequence, from the most to the least comprehensive, of the taxonomic levels listed here is __.
phylum, kingdom, order, class, species, family, and genus
phylum, family, class, order, kingdom, genus, and species
kingdom, phylum, order, class, family, genus, and species
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
Phylogeny is only a hypothesis because we do not know the exact branching pattern of a phylogenetic tree because humans were not there to record what happened
True False
true
DNA barcoding relies on sequences that have retained enough sequence conservation through evolutionary history that it can be identified in many organisms, but that also has enough sequence diversity to differentiate organisms. What type of sequences do we use in barcoding experiments?
short sequences
highly variable sequences
sequences that display low divergence within species
all of the above
all of the above
In this lab, what is the gene are we going to amplify?
Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I
Coenzyme Q – cytochrome c reductase
Cytochrome b Oxygenase I
None of the above
Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I
A single mitochondrial gene A is more abundant that a single nuclear gene B because there are more mitochondria in the cell
True
False
true
In this new module, you will use DNA barcoding to identify different unknown animal samples and determine phylogenetic relationship between these species. Order the steps required to obtain a phylogenetic tree using DNA barcoding
Analysis and sequence comparison
Purification of the amplicon
Collection of animal tissues
Sequencing of the barcode gene
Extraction of DNA from tissues
Amplification of the barcode gene
6
4
1
5
2
3
During the DNA extraction from animal tissues, what is the function of the silica resin?
breaks up cell membranes and other materials
it binds to the nucleic acids
denatures enzymes that can degrade the purified DNA
removes contaminants from the sample
it binds to the nucleic acids