Pregnancy And Ovualtion Flashcards
What stage is the egg arrested?
Metaphase II
Overview of the Luteal Phase
- Thecal cells secrete ESTROGEN and PROGESTERONE
- Breakdown of Membrane Granulosa allows for growth of Blood vessels
- Corpus Luteum forms in Ovary
Overview of Pre-ovulation
- Mature Graafian follicle
- Oocyte arrest P1
- Expansion of follicle
- Completion of Meiosis 1
- Second arrest M2
- Formation of Stigma
Overview of the Menstrual Phase
- The Endometrial build up sloughs off
- Begins with Vasoconstrictions of the Spiral arteries that have been supplying the endometrium
The First arrest of the Oocyte occurs at what stage of the cell cycle?
Arrested in the Diplotene of Prophase I
The Second arrest of the Oocyte occurs at what stage of the cell cycle?
Occurs at the Metaphase II
Overview of Proliferation Phase
- Endometrial growth increases from 1-2 to 8-10 mm by day 14
- Blood vessels and glands grow in the endometrium
- Sharp rise in Estradiol levels
What happens if fertilization does not occur?
- Corpus Luteum regresses
- Estrogen & Progesterone levels decrease
- Results in the beginning of the next menstrual phase
When does the Endometrial Cycle Begin?
The first day of Menstruation and Ends 28 days later
Overview of the Endometrial Cycle
- Prepares the lining of the uterus to receive the FERTILIZED Egg
- If no fertilization, VASOCONSTRICTION of the spiral arterioles followed by sloughing off of the endometrium occurs
Layers of the walls of the Uterus
- Myometrium
2. Endometrium
Myometrium
- Thickest Layer of the Uterus
- Composed of Smooth Muscle Tissue
What do THECAL cells secrete?
Progesterone
What is Ovulated at Day 14
- Ovum at M2
- 1st polar body
- Zona pellucida
- Corona Radiata
- Cumulus Oophorus
Corona Radiata
Surrounds the egg in a layer of follicle cells
What happens to the follicles during menopause?
- All of the follicles have either degenerated or have undergone Ovulation
- There are NO follicles left to produce Estradiol and Progesterone
Fate of Corpus Luteum if fertilization occurs
- HCG from placental tissues maintains fxnl Corpus Luteum
- Granulosa Lutein cells are replaced by Theca Lutein cells
- Corpus Luteum remains fxnl several months into pregnancy
The Early female embryo starts out with how many Oogonia cells?
How many last immediately after Birth?
- 7 million
2. 400K
When does Ovulation occur?
On Day 14 of the cycle
Follicular phase overview
- Dev. of the mature Graafian follicle
- Dev. of Secondary Oocyte w/in the ovary
- Dev. of the GRAAFIAN follicle under influence of FSH
Overview of Ovulation
- Stimulus arises from a Sharp rise in LH
- An Egg is released from the Graafian Follicle
- The outer part of the Graafian follicle remains behind and is made up of Thecal cells
Overview of the Ovulation
- LH surge
- Increase blood flow to follicle wall
- Thickening of outer follicle layers
What controls the Secretory phase?
Rising levels of Progensterone
T/F: All of the Stem cells (Oogonia) are Committed to the first half of Meiosis prior to birth.
True
