Pregnancy and child nutritional health Quiz 3

Question 1

What are some nutritional needs, dental concerns and recommendations during pregnancy?

Answer 1

 Nutritional Needs: Increased need for nutrients like calcium, vitamin D, and
folic acid.
 Dental Concerns: Pregnancy gingivitis, increased risk of tooth decay.
 Recommendations: Balanced diet, prenatal vitamins, regular dental check-
ups

Question 2

What are some essential nutrients during pregnancy ?

Answer 2

• Calcium: For fetal bone and tooth development.
• Vitamin D: Enhances calcium absorption.
• Folic Acid: Prevents neural tube defects and promotes cell division.
• Iron: Prevents anemia and supports fetal growth.

Question 3

What are some common issues and its management?

Answer 3

• Pregnancy Gingivitis: Hormonal changes leading to gum inflammation.
• Increased Caries Risk: Due to cravings and dietary changes.
• Morning Sickness: Acid erosion from vomiting.
   Management: Good oral hygiene, fluoride use, rinsing mouth with water after
  vomiting.

Question 4

What are some causes and symptoms of pregnancy gingivitis, and how can it be managed?

Answer 4

• Prevalence: Affects 60-75% of pregnant
  women.
• Causes: Hormonal changes increase blood
  flow to gum tissue, making gums more
  sensitive and prone to inflammation.
• Symptoms: Red, swollen, and bleeding gums.
• Management: Good oral hygiene,
  professional cleanings, and possibly more
  frequent dental visits.

Question 5

What is the connection, risk and prevention for periodontal disease during pregnancy?

Answer 5

• Connection: Severe gum
  infection that damages gums
  and can destroy the jawbone.
• Risks: Linked to preterm birth
  and low birth weight.
• Prevention: Regular dental
  check-ups, proper brushing and
  flossing, and managing any
  existing gum disease before
  pregnancy.

Question 6

What is the impact of maternal nutrition on fetal development ?

Answer 6

 Tooth Development: Begins in utero, requires adequate maternal nutrition.
 Deficiency Risks: Low birth weight, premature birth, dental anomalies.

Question 7

What are the main recommendations fro nutrition for infants and toddlers?

Answer 7

• Breastfeeding: Recommended for the first 6 months, provides optimal nutrients.
   Weaning: Introduction of solid foods around 6 months.
   Nutrient Requirements: High need for calcium, vitamin D, and iron.
   The ABCs of Nutrition - Key Nutrients in the First 1000 Days
   Vitamin A

Question 8

What is the role of Vitamin A and its cinsequences of deficiency?

Answer 8

Role:
* Critical for vision
* Supports cell growth and differentiation
* Key role in the normal formation and maintenance of the heart, lungs, kidneys, and other organs
* Immune function

Consequences:
* Damage to the eyes
* Poor growth
* Loss of appetite
* Susceptibility to infections
* Vitamin A deficiency is rare in the United States

Question 9

What are some vital time periods during the first 1000 days and its dietary sources?

Answer 9

Vital Time Periods During the First 1000 Days:
* Pregnancy, infancy, early childhood

Dietary Sources:
* Egg yolks, liver
* Yellow and dark-green leafy vegetables and
fruits such as spinach, kale, broccoli
* Sweet potatoes, pumpkin

Question 10

What are some first dental visit, caries prevention and oral hygiene for early childhood oral health?

Answer 10

 First Dental Visit: 6m after the first tooth erupts
 Caries Prevention: Avoiding sugary drinks, promoting water and milk.
 Oral Hygiene: Brushing with fluoride toothpaste, regular dental check-ups.

Question 11

What is ECC?

Answer 11

Rapid form of tooth decay in young children, also known as baby
bottle tooth decay.

Question 12

What are soem risk factors of ECC?

Answer 12

Frequent and prolonged exposure to sugary drinks, especially
when given in a bottle at bedtime

Question 13

What are ways to prevent ECC?

Answer 13

Avoiding sugary drinks, promoting water and milk, and ensuring the child does not sleep with a bottle.

Question 14

What can happen if over exposure of fluoride?

Answer 14

Fluorosis

Question 15

What are some common pediatric oral health issues?

Answer 15

 Thumb Sucking and Pacifier Use
* Impact: Prolonged habits can affect the alignment of teeth and the shape of
the mouth.
* Guidelines: Discourage after age 3 to prevent dental issues.

 Dental Trauma
* Causes: Falls, accidents, sports injuries.
* Management: Immediate dental assessment for any injury to the teeth or
mouth.

Question 16

What are some types of active for pregnant women ?

Answer 16

• Types of Activities: Low-impact activities such as walking, swimming, and prenatal yoga are
  recommended. These activities help maintain fitness without putting undue stress on the body.
• Frequency and Duration: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity
  per week, ideally spread throughout the week.
• Benefits: Regular physical activity during pregnancy can help manage weight, reduce the risk of
  gestational diabetes, improve mood, enhance sleep quality, and promote better overall health
  for both the mother and the baby