pregnancy and birth Flashcards
teratogens
a substance or agent that can cause birth defects or increase the risk of them in a developing fetu
all major organs are formed, the eyes and ears are in position.
first trimester
as placenta develops, secretes ___________ in higher levels to continue support of pregnancy
progesterone
______ increases throughout pregnancy
estrogen
both ________ and _______ decrease right before labor/delivery
estrogen and progesterone
essential organs begin to function. mom feels more energetic, baby movements, hearing and growing is developing
second trimester
kicks become more frequent. baby processes sights and sounds, brains and lungs continue to develop
third trimester
eat small frequent meals with variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy, protein
nutrition
teratos
monster
exposure to the fetus results in functional defects, malformations, growth restriction
teratogens
____ ______, _______, _____, _____ _____ can impact development in the womb
maternal stress, malnutrition, rest, physical health
epigentics
functional changes to the genome not caused by changes in the actual DNA sequence
teratogen substances can lead too…
neurological disorders, growth restriction, miscarriage
HBCD
Healthy Brain and Child Development
What does HBCD do?
map multiple aspects of child development from behavior to biome to brain
average labor time
14-20 hours
interventions for premature infants
skin to skin contact
mother and baby create a feedback loop that helps production and expression of milk
lactation
short-term digestion, immune benefits for baby, helps mother recover from birth
benefits of breastfeeding
mood lability, irritability, difficulty sleeping, changes in appetite, feelings of guild, fear, hopelessness
experiencing post partum depression
What organs DO NOT develop during the first trimester
ALL MAJOR ORGANS DEVELOP DURING FIRST TRIMESTER
Postpartum depression is associated with lower maternal responsiveness and difficulty bonding it is associated with
15-20% of mothers
whats a neonate
a newborn baby
____, _____, ______ and ____ systems make huge advances in first year
social, emotional, cognitive and motor
learning processes
classical conditioning, operant conditioning, habituation, imitation and social learning
pairing neutral stimulus with unconditioned stimulus to produce response to now “conditioned” stimulus
classical conditioning
positive and negative consequences shape responses in the future.
operant conditioning
decreased response or attention to stimulus with repeated presentations
habiutation
soon after birth babies can imitate simple faces and are socially interested in the actions of others.
imitation and social learning
__________ affect the development of motor skills, temperament, language acquisition, object permanence and more.
cultural influence
types of social learning and development
imitation, smiling, social referencing
Prevalence: 80% of new parents, 14-18% of mothers
Postpartum Depression
won’t reach developmental trajectories, poor motor and cognitive development, less sociable, poor attachment (possibly more avoidant), behavioral problems (more difficult), overall more emotional disturbance
postpartum depression effect on infant development
Infancy
Reflexes
Growth Patterns
Brain Development
Gross and Fine Motor Development
Language
Basic Learning Processes
Memory
Media
Infancy: Reflexes
rooting, stepping, grasping, swimming, moro, babinski, startle, eye blink, sucking, gag - present at birth, many disappear, may have evolutionary benefits
