early childhood and play

Question 1

during toddlerhood ______ and internal working models of relationships are still in a critical development period.

Answer 1

attachment

Question 2

toddlerhood

Answer 2

age 1-3

Question 3

toddlers are driven to seek ______ and ______.

Answer 3

independence and control

Question 4

attention span is typically between

Answer 4

10-20 minutes

Question 5

they use language to

Answer 5

make requests, share experiences, carry out actions and requests

Question 6

major milestones from ages 1-3

Answer 6

physical/motor, cognitive, language, social/emotional

Question 7

walking, climbing, dressing, riding tricycles/scooters

Answer 7

physical/motor

Question 8

cause-effect, categorization, multistep directions

Answer 8

cognitive

Question 9

first words, 2-word phrases

Answer 9

language

Question 10

separation from caregiver, social connections to peers, sharing, self-control

Answer 10

social/emotional

Question 11

_______ is a major motivation for toddler behavior

Answer 11

independence

Question 12

_______ ________ is another toddle developmental milestone

Answer 12

emotional control

Question 13

process of self-control occurs through

Answer 13

language, real and imagined consequences, cognitive maturation

Question 14

slaps, spanking, pinching, shaking, hitting on buttocks with belt or paddle, slapping no facr

Answer 14

corporal punishment

Question 15

frequency of corporal punishment in 3 and 4 year olds

Answer 15

94%

Question 15

frequency of corporal punishment in infants

Answer 15

35% of parents

Question 16

frequency of corporal punishment in 12 year olds

Answer 16

50%

Question 17

frequency of corporal punishment in 14 year olds

Answer 17

33%

Question 18

frequency of corporal punishment in 17 year olds

Answer 18

13%

Question 19

what does corporal punishment lead too

Answer 19

immediate compliance

Question 20

some impacts of corporal punishment

Answer 20

more aggression, lower moral development, reduced self-esteem, mental health problems, associated with abuse

Question 21

Immediate effectiveness of spanking

Answer 21

stops the behavior

Question 22

Short term effectiveness of spanking

Answer 22

toddler recidivism

Question 23

long term effectiveness of spanking

Answer 23

produces a boomerang effect

Question 24

misbehavior comes back and increases over time

Answer 24

boomerang effect

Question 25

Answer 25

intervention pyramid

Question 26

developmental stages of play

Answer 26

physical, symbolic, concrete, rule governed games

Question 27

physical play

Answer 27

birth through 2 years of age; uses senses and motor skills to deepen ones play. learning about relationship between one's body & their environment

Question 28

symbolic play

Answer 28

ages 2-7; a child learns to use the symbols of language and mental imagery

Question 29

imaginary friends

Answer 29

about 1/3 of children report playing with imaginary friends.

Question 30

concrete play

Answer 30

ages 7-11; children become lore logical and flexible in their thinking

Question 31

rule governed play

Answer 31

ages 12 - adulthood; children can now engage in hypothetical thinking and abstract reasoning

Question 32

social development of play

Answer 32

unoccupied, solitary, onlooker, parallel, associative, cooperative

Question 33

marshmallow test

Answer 33

- Tests self-control - Kids who wait were better off than those who were impulsive - Follow ups show that you can teach self-control

Question 34

providing a rich early environment

Answer 34

- Know motor, cognitive, and social/emotional milestones - Read to kids - Take care of yourself to maintain a warm and responsive interaction style - Provide sensory information and talk to kids about sense

Question 35

Functions of play

Answer 35

- To imitate adults - To play out real roles in an intense way - To reflect relationships and experiences - To express pressing needs - To release unacceptable impulses - To mirror growth - To work out problems and experiment with solutions

Question 36

Major milestones in 1-2 years

Answer 36

- First steps - Increased physical activity - Increased desire to explore - Greater independence - Self-recognition - Imitation - Simple phrases and sentences - Follow simple instructions

Question 37

major milestones 2-3 years

Answer 37

- Sort objects by shape and color - Imitations of complex actions - Express range of emptions - Separation anxiety and nighttime fears stil normal - Follow 2-3 step directions - Increased mobility, curiosity and autonomy means more testing of limits