Pregnancy

Question 1

What secretion from the anterior pituitary is greatest during ovulation

Answer 1

• LH

- luteinizing hormone

Question 2

What hormone does the follicles produce?

Answer 2

• oestradiol

Question 3

What is the corpus luteum?

Answer 3

• mass of cells that forms in the ovary, prior to fertilisation

Question 4

What hormone does the corpus luteum produce?

Answer 4

• progesterone

Question 5

What hormone does the implanted fertilised embryo produce?

Answer 5

• HCG

- human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 6

Pregnancy tests measure which hormone?

Answer 6

• HCG

Question 7

What hormones does the placenta produce?

Answer 7

• human placental lactogen
• placental progesterone
• placental oestrogens

Question 8

What hormone does the anterior pituitary gland produce towards the end of pregnancy?

Answer 8

• prolactin

Question 9

If no implantation occurs of a fertilised embryo what happens to the levels of progesterone?

Answer 9

• progesterone levels fall

Question 10

What 2 hormones cause insulin resistance in mothers?

Answer 10

• progesterone

- HPL

Question 11

What week does fetal organogenesis occur?

Answer 11

• start of week 5 or earlier

Question 12

Complications of diabetes in pregnancy?

Answer 12

• congenital malformation
• prematurity
• intra-uterine growth retardation
• macrosomia

Question 13

What are the complications of gestational diabetes?

Answer 13

• macrosomia
• polyhydramnios
• intrauterine death
• hypoglycaemia of new born

Question 14

What is macrosomia?

Answer 14

• big baby
• > 90th percentile
• birth weight >4kg

Question 15

What dose of folic acid should be given to women with diabetes hoping to have a child?

Answer 15

• folic acid 5mg

- 3 months prior to pregnancy

Question 16

What medications should be avoided in a diabetic pregnancy?

Answer 16

• ACEI

- Statins

Question 17

What dosage of aspirin should be started in a diabetic pregnancy?

Answer 17

• 150mg

- at 12 weeks

Question 18

What is the target BG before a meal in a diabetic pregnancy?

Answer 18

<4-5.5mmol/l

Question 19

What is the target BG 2hrs after a meal in a diabetic pregnancy?

Answer 19

<6-6.5mmol/l

Question 20

T2DM patient during pregnancy may have what medication swapped?

Answer 20

• metformin swapped for insulin??

Question 21

In a women with gestational diabetes what risks are there post-delivery?

Answer 21

• T1DM/T2DM later in life (50%)

- fasting BG 6 weeks post-delivery

Question 22

During pregnancy there is an increased demand for thyroxine?

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 22

• TRUE

Question 23

Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism has what risks for pregnancy?

Answer 23

• reduced fertility
• still birth
• thyroid crisis in labour
• transient neonatal thyrotoxicosis

Question 24

What drug treatment should be given for hypothyroidism in pregnancy?

Answer 24

• increase thyroxine by 25mcg as soon as pregnant

Question 25

What is the affect of HCG of thyroxine?

Answer 25

• HCG increases thyroxine, surpasses TSH

Question 26

Hyperthyroidism is associated with what autoantibody?

Answer 26

• TSH receptor antibody

- TRAb

Question 27

Management of a hyperthyroid mother in pregnancy?

Answer 27

• supportive
• b-blockers
• LOW DOSE propylthiouracil then carbimazole

Question 28

What antithyroid medication is given for the 1st trimester?

Answer 28

• propylthiouracil

Question 29

What antithyroid medication is given in the 2nd/3rd trimester?

Answer 29

• carbimazole

Question 30

What is the risk of carbimazole is the 1st trimester?

Answer 30

• embryopathy

Question 31

What is the risk of propylthiouracil in pregnancy?

Answer 31

• liver toxicity to mother

Question 32

Explain post-partum thyroiditis?

Answer 32

• transient overactive thyroid post pregnancy (6weeks)
• 3 months post-pregnancy - hypothyroidism
• after 1 year should relieve