Obesity/bone health Flashcards
What is the importance of remodelling units of bone?
- contributes to calcium homeostasis and skeletal repair
What are osteoclasts?
- multi nucleated
- responsible for bone resorption
- breakdown bone
What are osteoblasts?
- mononuclear cells
- responsible for bone formation
What are osteocytes
- primary cell of mature bone
- derived from osteoblasts
- sense mechanical strain
There is a decrease in trabecular thickness as we age?
TRUE OR FALSE
- true
Define osteoporosis?
- progressive systemic skeletal disease
- low bone mass
- increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture
Common sites of fractures?
- neck of femur
- vertebral body
- distal radius
- humeral head
When should someone be referred for a DXA scan?
- when their 10year risk assessment is at least 10%
Osteopenia is defined as?
- BMD >1 SD below mean
Osteoporosis is defined as?
- BMD > 2.5 SD below mean
The lower the T score___
- the greater the fracture risk
Name some endocrine secondary causes of bone thinning?
- hyperthyroidism
- hyperparathyroidism
- cushing’s
What is the minimum recommended calcium intake?
- 700mg
Drug treatment for osteoporosis?
- calcium and vitamin D supplements
- bisphosphonates
What is the first line drug for osteoporosis?
- bisphosphonates
Name a bisphosphonate?
- alendronate
2nd line drug treatment for osteoporosis?
- Zoledronic acid
Name a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of osteoporosis?
- denosumab
What is the affect of corticosteroids on bone health?
- reduce osteoblast activity
- suppress calcium absorption
- reduce bone mass
What is Pagets disease?
- abnormal osteoblastic activity
- abnormal bone structure
Symptoms of Pagets?
- bony pain
- bony abnormality
- deafness
Treatment of Pagets?
- analgesics
- bisphosphonates?
Explain osteogenesis imperfecta?
- rare genetic disorder
- autosomal dominant
Symptoms of osteogenesis imperfecta?
- blue sclera
- multiple fractures in childhood
- dentinogenesis imperfecta
