pregnancy Flashcards
1
Q
gallbladder changes
A
delayed, slowed, incomplete emptying
thick bile, increased gallstone risk
2
Q
cavities and dental problems caused by
A
inc salivation and pH change
more vitC needed
3
Q
anemia common, with SOB, fatigue due to
A
inc RBC volume 33%
rx: B12, green leafy veg, egg, beef, turkey
4
Q
1st try nausea caused by
A
DEC stomach acid, INCR gastrin
emptying slows, fetal pressure
5
Q
1st tri nausea tx
A
cal/mag citrate, enzymes, choline
6
Q
fertilized ovum
A
zygote
7
Q
ball of cells, 3 day post conception
A
morula
8
Q
_____ is cells when they become implanted into the uterus
A
blastocyst
9
Q
life at wk 2-8 post conception is called :
A
embryo
10
Q
life at 8-9 wk post-conception til birth is called:
A
fetus
11
Q
ages from birth-2m is called
A
neonate
12
Q
ages from 2m-2y is called
A
infant
13
Q
ages walking-2y are called
A
toddler
14
Q
ages 2.5-12/13y are called
A
child
15
Q
ages 9-14y are called
A
preadolescent
16
Q
adolescent ages (m/f)
A
f: 10-18
m: 15-20
17
Q
weight gain avg during preg
A
30 lb
bt 15-50lb
18
Q
time since onset of LMP (2w pre fert)
A
Gestational age
19
Q
actual age of fetus since fertilization
A
Embryonic age
20
Q
__ wk of embryonic age is __ wk of gestational age
A
1st
3rd
21
Q
nagel’s rule (due date)
A
LMP + 9m + 7d
LMP - 3m + 7d
22
Q
nidation spontaneous abortion cervical lesion placenta previa Can all cause:
A
Bleeding in pregnancy
23
Q
early bleeding cause
A
miscarriage
ectopic preg
implantation
infx
24
Q
late bleeding cause
A
placenta previa (no pn) or abruptio (pn)
25
```
stomach flu
liver dz
gb dz
infx
All ddx for:
```
morning sickness
26
hyperemesis gravidarum can lead to
seizure (electrolyte imbalance), dehydration
27
to rule our pancreas, thyroid, gb and liver issues with HG you must
percuss abdomen, check liver borders
28
weak, heavy legs, contrx with pn, stalled labor, ant abd and leg pn
buckled sacrum
| tx: 3x S->I down sacrum
29
L2, S2 dx
urinary incontinence
30
MCC ectopic preg
PID
| usually RIGHT tube affected
31
ruptured corpus lute cyst
tube/ovary torsion
threatened/incomplete abortion
Ddx for:
Ectopic preg
32
MCC of 2nd tri loss
```
cervical incompetence (premature dilation)
painless, gradual, tx with bed rest
```
33
spontaneous abortion/miscarriage occurs when
<20w
| back pn, maybe bleeding
34
placenta attaches lower, usually in multiparae women, painless bleeding in 3T
placenta previa
| tx: c-sec
35
premature separation from uterine wall in last 12w
abruptio placenta
36
BV and other parts of placenta grow too deeply into uterine wall
placenta accreta
37
amniotic fluid not brought in thru baby nose/mouth, too much AF in uterus
polyhydramnios (bigger belly)
| -some AF excreted thru kidneys
38
amniotic fluid NOT excreted thru kidneys, too little AF in uterus
oligohydramnios (bumpy belly)
39
HTN, swelling, proteinuria >20w
preeclampsia
| B6, mg
40
HELLP
Hemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelets
41
mom older and overweight with blurry vision, fatigue, freq resp infx, n/v, weight loss
gestational diabetes
| -no PPP
42
preg DM1 moms at inc risk of (5)
```
diabetic ketoacidosis
10+lb baby
macrosomia
hypoglycemia
birth injury
```
43
3rd tri dark urine, itching on hands/feet/yellowish, inc bile salts
intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
| -usually resolves 48-96h postpartum
44
```
3rd tri sudden onset
7TH CN (facial) + temporal bone from inc fluid, swelling, dec IS, tase lost (CN VII)
```
Bells Palsy
45
bells palsy in mom ddx
lyme dz, stroke, shingles (HZ), sublux
| often occurs with DM
46
meralgia paresthetica MC occurs when
3rd tri
47
DT pn injections or knees up position, M/S issues at L5/S1/S2, foot drop, femoral/obturator neuropathy, usually unilateral
obstetric palsy aka traumatic neuritis
48
innervates fallopian tubes
| infertility, ectopic preg, miscarriage, ovary/uterus/teste issues
T12 sublux
49
infertility, innervates prostate
L4
50
infertility, 2T miscarriage, innervates cervix
sacrum/coccyx sublux
51
keep getting preg but lose baby bt 7-8w
anterior coccyx
52
Dz that causes inc risk of fetal death, IUGR, preterm delivery
syphilis
| 1/3 infected stillborns
53
bact infx causing preterm labor, PROM
mycoplasma
54
Rh factor
issue if mom Rh- dad Rh+
| RHOGAM shot after 28w and again after delivery
55
rhesus or ABO incompatibility causes
erythroblastosis fetalis
56
asthma is worst during weeks ___ - ___, sometimes gets better with preg
24-36
57
warm, anxious, weakness, rapid HR
weight LOSS, preeclampsia, severe HG
loss of concentration
hyperthyroiditis (graves)
58
anemia, PP bleeding, myopathy/cramping
mem loss, miscarriage, constipation
weight GAIN, tired, low BW, CHF, cold intolerance
Hypothyroiditis (hashimotos)
59
prolactin (produce/prohibit)
ANTERIOR pituitary
PROduces milk, min of suckling to cause
PROhibits ovulaiton
60
oxytocin (milk out baby out)
POSTERIOR pituitary
milk let down, via suckling
causes uterine contractions
61
stage one of labor
onset through 10 cm
latent: 0-3cm
active: 3-10cm
62
stage 2 of labor
full dilation to delivery of baby
63
stage 3 of labor
delivery of placenta and fetal membranes
64
false labor
- irregular contractions that dont get closer, strengthen or lengthen
- stop with rest
- felt in LOWER abd
65
true labor
- regular contractions, getting closer, unaffected by movement
- gradually strengthen and lengthen
- felt in UPPER abd then move DOWN
66
cardinal movements of labor
```
engagement
descent
flx
int rotation
ext
external rotation
expulsion
```
67
if baby hasn't turned in 2w of websters suspect:
wrapped/short cord, scoliosis, congenital anomaly
68
slowing and decreasing contx intensity (exhausted uterus) caused by bandl's ring, cervical dystocia, uterine colic
hypotonic uterine intertia
69
breech with arms flexed, both legs extended
frank breech
70
muscle constriction at jxn of upper and lower uterine segments, restricts fetal or placental descent
bandl's rings
71
rigid, previous sx, scarring, lack of neural supply
| edema trapped with pushing
Cervical dystocia
72
infx assoc with preg dt retained placental components, moms temp >100.4 for 2d after 24h pp
puerperal sepsis
| 6-7%, doubles with c-sec
73
used to increase milk supply
galactogogues
74
3 breastfeeding problems babies can experience
oral aversion (desensitize)
tongue thrusting
suck/swallow incoordination
75
will only eat in football hold indicates
AS occiput
76
mastitus tx
continue nursing
1h/d cabbage bra, warm compress/massage
dandelion tea
77
```
orbicularis oris
levator labii superioris
depressor labii inferioris
levator anguli oris
depressor anguli oris
Are all:
```
Latching muscles
78
tongue movement/sucking control
CN XII
| hypoglossal
79
swallow control
CN IX, X
| glossopharyngeal, vagus
80
gag reflex
CN X
| vagus
81
signs to indicate ok to introduce solids
sit without support
no tongue thrust with food in mouth
reach for food/show interest
teeth (variable)
